2020上海高考英语一模阅读理解C汇编

上海高考英语备考训练1/6上海高考英语题型训练:阅读理解C2020高三第一学期期末质量抽查SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(C)松江Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,pure,unprejudiced,objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemere:itmustsupplyinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.ThisisaveryimportantassignmentfacingAmericanjournalists一tomakecleartothereadertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsunderstandableascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereisnolongeranysuchthingaslocal”news,becauseanyeventintheinternationalareahasalocalreactioninthefinancialmarket,politicalcircles,interms,indeed,ofourverywayoflife.Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyoustartaninterpretation,youareenteringdangerouswaters,therushingtidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshalllimitthemselvestothe“facts.Thisinsistenceraisestwoquestions:Whatarethefacts?Arethebarefactsenough?Asforthefirstquestion,considerhowaso-calledfactualstoryconicsabout.Thereportercollects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspacebeingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectsthetenwhichheconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshallmakeupthebeginningofthearticle,whichisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph.ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thentherighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalargeinfluence,oronpagetwentyfour,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.Thusinthepresentationofaso-called“factual”or''objective”,story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlikethoseinvolvedininterpretation,inwhichreportersandeditors,callingupontheirresearchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheirnewsneutralism,arriveataconclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationofthenewsanditsinterpretation,arcbothobjectiveandsubjectiveprocesses.Ifaneditorisdeterminedtogiveaprejudicedviewofthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyinterpretation.Hecandoitbytheselectionofthosefactsthatsupporthisparticularviewpoint.Orhecandoitbytheplacehegivesastory一promotingittopageoneordraggingittopagethirty.63.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Ifareportermakesclearthefactshewrites,hewillnodoubtgetintotrouble.B.Journalistsmustselectfactsobjectivelytomakecurrenteventscleartothe上海高考英语备考训练2/6readers.C.ThemostimportanttaskofreportersisIoprovideunprejudicedfactsforthereaders.D.Forreporters,interpretationoffactsisnolessimportantthanpresentationofthefacts.64.Thebeginningofthearticleshouldpresentthemostimportantfactbecause.A.itwillinfluencethereadertocontinueB.mostreadersreadonlythefirstparagraphC.itdetailsthegeneralattitudeofthewriterD.it'sthebestwaytowriteaccordingtotheschoolsofjournalism65.Whereastoryispresentedinanewspapershows.A.theeditor'sprejudiceB.thereporter'sbackgroundC.thestory'sfactualmatterD.thestory'seffectonthereaders66.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexpresstheauthor'sattitudetowardobjectiveness?A.Objectivenessiscontrolledbyeditorsratherthanwriters.B.Properlychoosingfactspreparesasolidgroundforobjectiveness.C.Hedoesn'tthinkthereexistscompleteobjectivenessinnewswriting.D.Tomakeclearthenewsisawaytobeobjectiveandresponsibleforthereaders.黄浦Riskissomethingwefacedaily.However,somepeopleareobviouslymorewillingtotakerisksthanothers.Biologistsappeartohavediscoveredaphysicalreasonthatexplainswhysomepeoplearerisk-takers.Dopamineisaneurotransmitter,achemicalthatspreadssignalsbetweennervecells.Itislinkedtothebrainsrewardsystemandisthechemicalthatmakesusfeelgood,andscientistsbelieveittobeinkedtorisk-taking.Ournervecellshavedopaminereceptors（接收器）whichcontroltheamountofdopaminethateachcellreceives.Butnotallreceptorsmaybeactive.Whenapersonhadfewactivereceptorstocontroltheamountofdopaminethatisreceived,acellcanbecomefloodedresultinginanextremefeelingofhappiness.ResearchersatVanderbiltUniversityandAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicineasked34menandwomentocompleteaquestionnaireabouttheirrisktakingtoassesswhethertheyseeknewopportunitiesorarecautiousinlife.Theresultsoftheresearchwereconsistentwithsimilarstudiescarriedoutwithrats,andhadthesameoutcome.Itconcludedthatpeoplewhoarerisk-takershavefewerdopaminereceptorsthanpeoplewhoarenot.Thissuggeststhattherushofpleasurearisktakerreceiveswhenacellbecomesfloodedwithdopaminecanbecomeaddictiveforsomepeople.Theythereforepursuenewandexcitingactivitiesinordertotrytorepeatthisfeeling,andasaresulttheirconcernforriskbecomesconsiderablereduced.Dopaminegivesusabiologicalreasonforrisk-taking,butscientistsbelievetheremaybepsychologicalreasonstoo.Sensation-seekingisapersonality上海高考英语备考训练3/6characteristicthatdescribesthedesiretofindactivitiesthatbringuspleasure.In1964,psychologistMarvinZuckermancreatedthesensation-seekingscale.His40-itemquestionnaire,stillusedtoday,wasgiventopeoplewh