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1ModalVerbs情态动词定义：表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词叫情态动词。情态动词语法特征1）情态动词不能单独作谓语，没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。2）情态动词的否定式是在情态动词后面直接+not。3）情态动词的疑问式是把情态动词提到主语前。主要情态动词can,could（beableto）may,mightmust（haveto）will,wouldshall,shouldoughttoneeddare情态动词的用法I.can/could1.___Can___youspeakJapanese?Justalittle.2.Onlythejudge___can___saveherfromprison.3.I___could___driveacarbeforeIleftmiddleschool.4.ItwassodarkthatI___could___seenothing.Note:表能力、有权力（could是can的过去式）5.--___Can/Could___Igohomenow?--Yes,youcan.–No,youcan’t.6.--___Can/Could___IspeaktoAndrew?7.You___can’t___（not）smokehere.Note:（口语）允许、请求，表可以(could非can的过去式，表委婉)8.It___can___/could____beverycoldhere,eveninspring.9.Sheisclever,butshe___can___/could___bedullsometimes.Note:（表示偶然现象发生的可能性）有时会，时而可能10.It___can’t___/couldn’t___(not)bemyfather.Heisabroadnow.211.Thereissomeoneoutside.Who___can___itbe?12.You__can’t/couldn’thaveseenhim__(notsee)him.Hewasnotthere.13.She__can’t/couldn’thavebeen___(notbe)morethansixthen.14.He__can’t/couldn’thavefinished___(notfinish)theworklastnightwithoutyourhelp.Note:表推测（否定、疑问句）15.He__couldhavetold__(tell)metheanswerbutherefusedto.Note:过去本能做而没有做16.You_cannot/cannever_________dotheworktoowell.17.You_cannot/cannever__becarefulenoughinyourstudy.Note:cannot…too;cannever...too;cannotenough再…都不为过；越…越好can&beableto区别：1.can只有两种时态现在时can&过去时couldbeableto有各种时态2.用于一般所具有的能力，可以互换，但是当表示成功做到时，通常用beableto或manageto1.He_can/isableto_writemusic.2.Weshall__beableto__finishtheworksoon.3.Ihaven’t_beenableto_findthebook.4.He_could/wasableto__swimlikeafishwhenhewasyoung.5.ItalkedwithherforalongtimeandfinallyI__wasableto_makeherbelieveme.6.Thefirespreadthroughthebuildingquicklybuteverybody___wasableto/managed___toescape.II.may/might1.--__May___Ileavenow?--Yes,you__may__./Yes，please.--No,you__maynot/can’t/mustn’t___.2.Heaskedifhe_might_____usethephone.3.Westartearlysothatwe_may/might___arriveintime.Note:（允许、请求）可以34.__May__youbehappyallyourlife.Note:祝、愿5.Johnisabsent.He__may/might_____beill.6.It_may/might______raintomorroworit__may/might_____bemerelycloudy.7.Ican’tfindmybook.I_may/mighthaveleft___(leave)itinyourofficejustnow.8.Youknowthisstoryverywell.You_may/mighthaveread___(read)itbefore.Note:表推测9.Westartearlysothatwe___may___arriveintime.10.IwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatI___might___rememberit.Note:表目的（用于目的状语从句中）maybe&maybe11.He___maybe___here.I’mnotsure.12.____Maybe______youshouldcallhim.13.–Areyougoingouttonight?--____Maybe____.III.must1.You__must___haveapassportifyouwanttogoabroad.2.Drivers__mustn’t___driveafterdrinking.Note:（义务、责任、强制、命令）必须应该3.You_must_______firstfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.4.--_Must________Icometomorrow?--Yes,you__must____.--No,you__needn’t/don’thaveto_____.Note:（说话者主观上的意愿、建议、命令等）应该、必须、务必5.Winter__must___befollowedbyspring.6.Alllivingthings___must___die.Note:表示客观规律不可避免性或必然性，注定要，必然（只用于肯定句）47.You__must___beill.Icanseeitfromyourface.8.You__musthaveread___(read)thebook.Youknowthestoryverywell.9.There’smuchnoisefromnextdoor.They__mustbehaving__(have)aparty.Note:表肯定推测Must&haveto区别：1.haveto用于各种时态，还可和其它情态动词连用2.haveto表示因客观环境的迫使而不得不做某事1.--Let’sseeamovietonight.--I’dloveto,butI__haveto____takecareofmymom.2.They__hadto__speedup,fortheweatherturnedterrible.3.Theywill___haveto___getupearlytomorrow.4.Wemay___haveto___putofftheplan.5.You___don’thaveto___tellhimaboutit.不一定要6.You___mustn’t___tellhimaboutit.一定不要IV.shall1.I__shall________ringyouassoonasIarrive.Note:将来时（第一人称）将要、会2.__Shall______Iopenthewindowforyou?3.Let’sgotothecinematonight,__shall___we?Note:（在问句中表示说话人征求对方意见或提出建议，用于第一、三人称）…好么V.should&oughtto1.Wehopedthatwe__should______beabletodothat.Note:用于过去将来时2.You_should/oughtto____bemorecarefulnexttime.3._Should____Icallhimandapologize?Note:(表示建议、劝告、命令、要求)应该，必须（oughtto语气强）4.It’s4:30.They__should______beinNewYorkbynow.Note:(表示说话者根据一定的依据猜测、推测、推论等)该，可能55.You_shouldhavetold__(tell)meearlieraboutit,butyoudidn’t.6.You__shouldn’thavedone_________(do)thattoyourmother,butyoudid.Note:过去按理该…而实际没有…（常有责备、埋怨、惋惜之意）VI.will1.He_will____comebacksoon.Note:将来时2.Ihopeyou__will____succeed.3.I__will____domybesttohelpyou.Note:（表意愿、决心、承诺）要、愿、想、会、保证4.Whenheisintrouble,he__will______turntohiscoachforhelp.5.I_will___turnyououtofdoorsifyoudon’tkeepquiet.Note:状语从句VII.would1.Hetoldusthathe__would______meetusattheairport.Note:过去将来时2.--__Would______youmindmysmoking?--Yes,_pleasedon’t./You’dbetternot._______________.---No,__goahead______________Note:提出请求、邀请（委婉）3.I__would________liketoseeafilmtonight.4.I_would____rathernotleaveyouhere.5._Would__youplease_notsmoke____(notsmoke)here?Note:意愿、决心、喜欢等6.He_would_________bedelightedifIwenttoseehim.7.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,you_wouldhaveseen__(see)him.Note:条件句（虚拟）8.Whenhewasyoung,he__would__often__walk___(walk)inthesewoods.6Note:（表过去习惯性、经常性的行为或动作）总是VIII.need(情态动词没有过去式)Note:1)need作实意动词，有人称、时态和数的变化2)need作情态动词，只能用在否定句和疑问句中，没有人称、时态和数的变化needsthdon’tneedsthDo…needsth?needtododon’tneedtodoDo…needtodo…?needn’tdoNeed…do…?1.He__needsto_________(go)therenow.2.He_neednot/doesn’tneedtogo__(notgo)therenow.3.--__Need_/Does______he____go_/needtogo___(go)therenow?--Yes,he_must__/does______