一般过去时和现在完成时

……………..一般过去时&现在完成时前提测评1.Ourteacher___Englishontheradiothedaybeforeyesterday.A.teachesB.taughtC.hadtaught2.Theboythoughtforawhileand___anidea.A.willhaveB.hasC.had3.---When___you___youroldfriend?---Thedaybeforeyesterday.A.will,visitB.did,visitC.havevisited4.---Howlong___Mrs.Green___here?---Abouthalfayear.A.did,liveB.has,livedC.have,lived5.Thestudentshaven’tvisitedamuseum___.A.alreadyB.everC.before6.Someone___theclassroom.Look!Howcleanitis!A.hassweptB.issweepingC.haveswept7.UncleWanghasworkedinthefactory___30years.A.forB.sinceC.over8.Haveyou___seenablackman?A.beforeB.everC.never9.Peterlosthisbikeyesterday.___he___ityet?A.Has…lookedforB.Does…findC.Has…found10.Mybrotherleftschoolin2005,andsincethenhe____inBeijing.A.livedB.willliveC.haslived如何判断一般过去时1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.(常与yesterday,yesterdaymorning,twodaysago,justnow,lastweek/lastmonth/lastyear,onthatday,atthattime,in2001…等时间状语连用)Jim刚才在这里．Jimwashereamomentago.你一小时前去哪儿了?Wheredidyougoanhourago?刚才一小时前2.表示过去一段时间经常发生的动作或存在的状态.(常与often,usually,always,sometimes等时间状语连用),另外由when引导特殊疑问句用一般过去时，还有由after,before,when引导的时间状语状语从句。1.---What___Mr.Jones___beforehemovedhere?---Hedroveacitybus.A.did,doB.does,doC.do,do2.Jane____anewdresseverymonthwhenshewasinShanghai.A.buysB.willbuyC.bought3.Howcleantheclassroomis!Whenyouit?A.do,cleanB.didcleanC.have,cleaned4.当我还是一个小孩的时候,我经常在街上踢足球.__________________________insummerwhenhewasyoung.Ioftenplayedfootball1.---Ihaveseenthefilm“Titanic(铁达尼号)”.---Whenyouit?A.have,seenB.did,seeC.willsee2.---Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?---He______usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.A.tellsB.toldC.hastold3.---Howwasyourweekend?---Great!We______apicnicbythelake.A.haveB.arehavingC.had4.---Haven’tItoldyouIlikecoffeewithoutsugar?---Sorry.ButIonlyalittle.A.amputtingB.putC.willput现在完成时1.我已做完作业了.2.他刚回来.3.你曾经跟外国人说国话吗?_______youever________toaforeigner?4.我以前从没骑过马.I_______never_______ahorsebefore.5.你爸爸在哪?他去了英国.Whereisyourfather?He__________________England.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.构成:have/has+动词的过去分词Hehasjustcomeback.Havespokenhaveriddenhasgoneto用法:1.过去的动作对现在所造成的影响.常与already,yet,never,ever,once,twice,just,before,still,sofar,inthelast10years,recently,eversince等连用.(already常用于肯定句,yet用于否定句,疑问句.)2.现在完成时表示动作在过去发生持续到现在并将继续下去.1.我在这儿教了两年书.2.自从你们来这里，你们就在这家工厂工作了吗？3.自从十年前，他就不在美国住了.4.---你在这里住了多久了？---大概十年了。---Forabout10years.Ihavetaughtherefor2years.Haveyouworkedinthefactorysinceyoucamehere?Hehasn’tlivedinAmericasince10yearsago.---Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?常与for+一段时间since+过去的时间(年,月,日,时,…ago)从句(用一般过去时)sinceIcameherehowlong引导的特殊疑问句中3.短暂性动词(瞬间动词)在现在完成时中，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。要改为延续性动词。*Hehascome.(他已经来了)Hehascomeherefortwohours.Hehasbeenherefortwohours.√×√Aretheyright?表示短暂动作的动词可以用于完成时态。Hehascome.但不能与for…,since…等表示一段时间时间状语连用以及用于Howlong提问的疑问句中。可用itis+时间+since…从句。come---beenhere/beenin+地点go---beenthere/beenin+地点open---beenopenclose---beencloseddie---beendeadleave---beenawaybuy---havehadborrow---havekeptbecome---beenarrive---beeninstart/begin---beenonjoin---beenin/beenamemberof…1.---Whendidyoubuythebook?---In2008.SoIitfor4years.A.boughtB.haveboughtC.havehad2.他奶奶去世十年了。Hisgrandmafortenyears.3.他离校一年了。Hefromschoolforayear.4.他来这里两年了.Hefortwoyears.hasbeenawayhasbeendeadhasbeenhere√×1.IhavetoBeijingonce.A.beenB.goneC.went2.---Whereisyourbrother?---Hehastothelibrary.A.beenB.goneC.went3.Ihavethiscityfortenyears.A.beeninB.beentoC.goneto4.Hehasgoneabroad.Hehasgonetoabroad.区别have(has)beento,have(has)goneto和have(has)beenin有用法。1.have(has)beento去过某地，人已回来。2.have(has)goneto去了某地，但人在外地。3.have(has)been指待在某地多长时间了，人仍在那地方，还未走。4.注意：与here,there,home,upstairs,downstairs,abroad,where连用时中，to或in要去掉。区别：1.一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响或结果。例如：Wearegoodfriends(现在情况)我们是好朋友。Igottoknowhimin2005.(过去的动作)我在2005年认识（结识）他Wehaveknowneachothersince2005.(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在)自从2005年来我们就相互认识。Lindahasabighouse.(现在情况)Sheboughtthehousetenyearsago.(过去的动作)Shehasownedthehousefortenyears.Shehaslivedinthehousefortenyears.(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在)2.一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，lastweek，…ago，in1980，inOctober，justnow等，皆为具体的时间状语。现在完成时的时间状语：for，since，sofar，ever，never，just，yet，till/until，uptonow，inpastyears，always等，皆不确定或模糊的时间状语。共同的时间状语：thismorning，tonight，thisApril，now，already，recently，lately等。句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday，last，week，in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。改错：Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.Ihaveseenthefilmtwicelastmonth.saw比较练习1.---Where__you__(put)thebook?Ican’tseeitanywhere.---I___(put)itrighthere.Butnowit’sgone.A.did;put;putB.have;put;putC.did;put;haveputD.have;put;haveput2.Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.Whatdoyousuppose_______toher?A.washappeningB.happensC.hashappenedD.happened3.Hello,I____youwereinLondon.Howlong_________here?A.don’tknow;wereyouB.hadn’tknown;areyouC.haven’tknown;areD.didn’tknow;haveyoubeenBCD比较练习4.I’mgladtotellyouthatwe_____theworkinlesstimethanwe_____expectedto.A.finished;wereB.havefinished;areC.havefinished;wereD.hadfinished;were5.It_____thatpleasantmusickeepspeoplefrombecomingtiredattheirwork.A.findsB.hasfoundC.wasfoundD.hasbeenfound6.WhenIwasat