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18BU1Grammar语言点一．现在完成时的主要用法（一）表示动作开始于过去并持续到现在,常与since,for,recently,sofar,since…ago,over/in/duringthepastyears等连用。（二）.表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成影响或结果,常与already,yet,just,ever,never,before连用。（三）.表示动作直到现在有多少次了.常与once,twice,manytimes,howmanytimes连用二．现在完成时的基本句型①陈述句肯定形式。主语+have/has+过去分词+其它Ihavehadlunch.已经吃过午饭了。HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了。②陈述句否定形式。主语+have/has+not+过去分词+…（在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t）Ihaven’thadlunch.我还没吃午饭Hehasn’tgonetoBeijing.他还没有去北京。③一般疑问句形式及其答语。Have/Has+主语＋过去分词＋…?（将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号）肯定回答：Yes,主语＋have/has.否定回答：No,主语＋haven’t/hasn’t.－HashegonetoBeijing?他去过北京了吗？－Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.④特殊疑问句形式。（疑问词+一般疑问句）特词+have/has+主语＋过去分词＋…？Wherehashegone?他去了哪里？练习：1.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework.(改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答)2.Mr.andMrs.Lihavecomeback.(改为否定句)3.Johnhasplayedthiscomputergameafewtimes.(改为否定句)4.Wehaveseenthatfilm.(改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)5.Mr.DonghasrepairedovertenbikessincelastMonday.(改为否定句)三．过去分词的构成规则变化1、直接加–edlookedwatched2、以不发音的e结尾的，加–dchangedmoved3、以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，加-edstudiedcarried4、重读闭音节，一元加一辅，双写辅音字母，加-edplanneddroppedstopped不规则变化见课本第122-123页。四．与现在完成时连用的副词1.already已经，常用于肯定句中。Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.我已经看过这部电影了。2.yet1)已经，常用在疑问句中。HasLindareadthebookyet?琳达已看过这本书了吗?2)还，仍然，常用于否定句和疑问句。Hehasnotbeguntoworkyet.他还未开始工作。3.ever曾经，主要用于疑问句Haveyoueverwantedtotravelaroundtheworld?你曾经想要周游世界吗？4.never从来没有，表示否定Hehasneverseensuchatallbuilding.他从未见过这么高的楼。5.just刚刚，常用于肯定句中Ihavejustfinishedlunch.我刚吃过午饭。6.recently不久前，最近(=inrecentyears/days)Ihaven’tseenthemrecently.我近来没见过他们。Haveyouuseditrecently?你最近用过它么？28BU1Ex翻译1)你已经收到你爸爸的来信了吗？2)我已经很长时间没有看见我姑姑了。3)Simon曾经去过几次中国?4)她刚刚写好两篇文章。5)他们已经去电影院了。6)Smith夫妇还没有回来。7)自从上午9点你就在等他吗？8)人们自从1998年开始使用这个新机场。用正确时态填空1.Hurryup!Lunch________already_________(begin).2.________heever_________(ride)abike?3.Liming________(hurt)hisarmlastweek.He________already________(stay)inbedforfivedays.4.Yesterday,she________(buy)onebookinthebookshop.She___________(notread)itsincethen.5.I________already_________(lose)mypen.I_________(buy)ittwodaysago.6.He___________(wait)foranhour.7.I________________(notfinish)theworkyet.8.___________you________(know)himsincethen?9.We___________(be)theremanytimesinthepast3years.10.Howlong________you__________(stay)athomealready?11.He___________(notread)thebookbefore.12.I___________(hear)frommybrotherrecently.13.Hersister_________(go)toChangchun.She______(leave)thismorning.14.He___________(live)inhishometownsincehelefthere.15.Thewriter______________(finish)severalstory-bookssince1990.单项选择：1.—_______youever_______withagroup?—Yes,Ihave.A.Did,studyB.Are,studyingC.Were,studyingD.Have,studied2.—Lucy,_____you____yourticket?—Notyet.A.did;findB.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find3.Mygrandmother______alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.(2011天津)A.seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen4.Myauntisawriter.She______morethantenbookssince1980.(2011北京)A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite5.—Whywon’tyougotothemoviewithme,Gina?—BecauseI______ittwice.(2011襄阳)3A.seeB.haveseenC.sawD.willsee6.—Chinadevelopssofast.—That’strue.It______alotalready.(2011安徽芜湖)A.changesB.changedC.willchangeD.haschanged7.—I’dliketointroducemybestfriendtoyou,Peter.—Thankyou,Lucy.Butwe_____already.(2012河南)A.meetB.metC.willmeetD.havemet8.Since2000,Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything______.(2013湖北荆州)A.ischangedB.waschangedC.hadchangedD.haschanged9.Juliaisn’tgoingtothecinemawithusbecauseshe______thefilm.(2013浙江湖州)A.seesB.sawC.willseeD.hasseen10.—Lookatthesestamps.I_______themforfiveyears.—Wow,theyarewonderful.(2013湖南衡阳)A.keptB.havekeptC.haveboughtII.Fillintheblanks.1.I________________(have)dinner.Iamfull.2.We_________________(read)thisstory.3.They_________________(see)themovie.4.She_________________(buy)somenicetoys.5.Hurryup!Lunch_________already___________(begin).6.We________________(wash)ourclothes.They’recleannow.7.__________heever___________(ride)abike?III.将下列句子改为否定句或疑问句。1.I’vealreadyhaddinner.(否)I_____________dinner_____.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.(否)He_____________hishomework___.3.Mumhascookedthedinner.(否)Mum______________thedinner.4.Ihavedonemyhomework.(疑)_____youdoneyourhomework___?5.Ihaveriddenahorse.(疑)_____you_____riddenahorse?IV.翻译1.你已经制作好生日贺卡了吗？2.我已经吃过早饭了，现在一点也不饿。3.—你这周日准备做什么？—还没决定。4.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。5.—你读过《哈利·波特》这本书么？—是的，我已经读过好多遍了。练习：一．用现在完成时态完成下面的句子：1I__________________(do)myhomeworkalready.2He___________________(notfinish)hishomeworkyet.3___________youever__________(be)toBeijing?4We____________never___________(see)suchanexcitingmatchbefore.5Mother____________just____________(clean)thehouse.Pleasedon’tcomein.46They___________________(practice)thisdialoguetwice.二．选择相应的副词1.Haveyoudoneyourhomework__________?(for,just,yet)2.Ihave__________beentoChengdu.(ever,never,yet)3.Hehas__________washedthedishes.(already,ever,for)4.Hehasworkedthere___________heleftschool.(already,just,since)5.Haveyoucleanedyourroom___________?(for,just,yet)6.ShehasknownSam___________nineyears.(for,never,since)7.Haveyou____________riddenahorse?(ever,for,yet)8.Theyhave__________arrived.(ever,just,yet)9.Wehavenotcompletedtheproject_______.(already,for,yet)三．句型转换1.Hehasjusttoldthegirlabout