NATURALGASANDOIL201180,,[1],,,,,,,。,,,[2]。1969,Turner[3],20%,。,[4~9],Turner。[10]CD,Turner。,。11969,Turner[3]1400m3/m3,,。,,。,[4~9]Turner,。Coleman[4]Turner20%,1211.6105002.“CNPC”434023:,,,,,,。Turner,。,,CD,Turner,。,。:;;;:A:1006-5539(2011)04-0054-03:2010-12-03:(Q20091212):(1986-),,,,。54;Nosseir[5][6],CD,(3×105,5×106);LiMin[7],CD1,;[8],,25%;[9]0.9,。Turner,a,,,1,Turner,。CDa12Turner[3]:v=aσ(ρ1-ρg)/ρ2g!0.25(1):a=(4g/3CD)0.25v———,m/s;CD———,;g———,m/s2;ρl、ρg、ρm———、,kg/m3;σ———,N/m。:qc=2.5×104A·v·P/ZT(2):A=π/4d2c(3)qc———,104m3/d;A———,m2;P———,MPa;T———,K;dc———,m;Z———,。:ρg=PMg/ZT(4):Mg=28.97γg(5)Mg———,g/mol;γg———,。(5)、(6)(2):v=1.694×10-2a·(ZT/Pγg)0.5·σ(ρl-3484.4·γgP/ZT!)0.25(6)(4)、(7)(2):qc=3.326×102ad2c·(P/γgZT)0.5·σ(ρl-3484.4·γgP/ZT!)0.25(7),,,CD[7]。[10]:CD=24/Re+3.409Re-0.3083+3.68×10-5Re/(1+4.5×105Re1.054)(8)Re———,。[10],,,,,。,CD,,,。3,,,294OILANDGASFIELDDEVELOPMENT55NATURALGASANDOIL201182。2,0.58~0.62,0.6,322K,,193K,4.6MPa,0.062m。ZD-A-K[11],,,[1],—0.06N/m,1074kg/m3。2m3/d113,,5,,4,。,CD((8)),CD,,,。,,(),(),()。1。4a)1969,Turner1400m3/m3,Turner,。b),,,CD。c),,CD,,。(84)156NATURALGASANDOIL20118(56):[1].[M].:,2001.[2],,.[J].,2004,22(1):57-59.[3]TurnerRG.AnalysisandPredictionofMinimumFlowRatefortheContinuousRemovalofLiquidsfromGaswell[J].JPT,Nov1969,1475-1482.[4]ColemanSB.ANewLookatPredictingGasWellLoadUp[J].JPT,Mar1991,329-333.[5]NosseirMA.ANewApproachforAccuratePredictionofLoadinginGasWellUnderDifferentFlowingConditions[C].SPE37408,1997.[6],,.[J].,2006,26(10):114-116.[7]LiMin,SunLei,LiShilun,etal.Newviewoncontinuous-removalLiquidsfromGasWells[C].SPE70016,2001.[8],.[J].,2007,26(6):82-85.[9].[J].,2010,31(1):72-74.[10].[J].,1994,4(1):16-18.[11]DranchukPM,Abou-KassemJH.CalculationofZFactorsForNaturalGasesUsingEquationsofState[J].JPT,Sept1975,34-36.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4,、;,,、、、;,、、,,。:[1].[M].:,1998.[2],,,.[J].,2007,23(2):33-36.[3],,,.[J].,2008,24(2):42-46.[4]Patricia,McGrewGarcia,BrooksBradford.HydrokineticUsingtheCleaningofExchangerTubesandPipes[A].Procofthe10thAmericanWaterJetConference,HoustonTexas[C].Chicogo:Dearborn,1999.[5]RyojiAoyagi,RyuichiFujiwara,TokwoNiita.PossibilityofMetalProcessingUsingUltrasonicCavitationJet[J].JapaneseJournalofAppliedPhysics,2001,40(2):3784-3786.[6].———[D].:,2002.[7],,,.[J].,2006,34(5):9-11.[8],,,.-[J].,2008,31(10):19-22.[9],,,.[J].,2007,30(5):19-22.[10],,,.[J].,2004,27(1):32-35.(58):[1].[J].,2005,1(23):55-57.[2],,,.[J].,2010,29(2):97-99.[3]VetterOJ,FaroneWA.CaCO3ScalePrediction—APracticalApproach[C].Lubbock,Texas:SPE17000,1987.[4].[J].,2010,2(23):46-49.[5],,.[J].,1996,15(4):40-43.[6].[M].:,1994,35-41.[7].2[D].:(),2008,10-13.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!84NATURALGASANDOIL(BIMONTHLY)Vol.29No.4Aug.2011SELECTEDABSTRACTSABSTRACT:InordertofurtherunderstandeffectsoffluidpenetrationregularityandtemperaturechangearoundCO2injectoronasphaltenedepositionduringCO2injection,analyzedcomprehensivelyareasphaltenedeposition,en-ergytransformationandCO2temperaturechangeandestablishedisanumericalmodelduringCO2injectionaccord-ingtohistoricaldata.Appliedisthenumericalmodelincertaininjectorandtheresearchresultsshowthatliquidfloodingexistsinlowtemperaturedriving,temperatureinfluencerangeisextendedalongwiththeincreaseofgasin-jectionpressure,higheraccumulationofdepositedasphalteneisshownmainlyaroundimmediatevicinityofwellbore;precipitatedasphaltenetriggeredbylowtemperatureCO2injectionislessthanthatcalculatedbysimulativemodelofnormaltemperatureCO2injection.DiscussedaretwoaspectsoflowtemperatureCO2drivingefficiencyduringmodelcalculation,drawnarefourkindsofbasiclowtemperatureCO2displacementschematicsandithasbeenrealizedthatitiscriticaltoselectinjectionparametersproperlyforlowtemperaturecarbondioxideflooding.KEYWORDS:Asphaltene;CO2injection;Numericalsimulation;TemperaturechangeHydraulicFracturingTechnologiesofLowEfficientGasReservoirinXujiaheFormationofLongnvsiStruc-tureBaiXuejing,YangZhaozhong,LiXiaogang(SouthwestPetroleumUniversityOilEngineeringInstitute,Chengdu,Sichuan610500,China)ChunLan(PetroChinaSouthwestOilandGasFieldCompanyInefficientOilandGasExploitationDepartment,Cheng-du,Sichuan,610017,China)ZengZhu(PetroChinaSouthwestOilandGasFieldCompanyCentralSichuanOilandGasWellArea,Suining,Sichuan,629000,China)NGO,2011,29(4):50-53ABSTRACT:ThegasreservoirinXujiaheformationofLongnvsistructureischaracterizedwithlowporosityandlowpermeabilityorultra-lowporosityandultra-lowpermeabilityandhydraulicfracturingisthemainmethodofitscom-missioningandyieldincrease.However,becauseofpoorphysicalproperties,lowreservoirabundanceandseverehet-erogeneity,itisdifficulttoensurethefracturingresultofthisgasreservoir.Analyzedarethecharacteristicsoflithol-ogyandphysicalpropertiesofthegasreservoir,summarizedaredifficultiesofhydraulicfracturinginthisareaandputforwardareaseriesofsuchtechniquesforimprovinghydraulicfracturingeffectsastestingfracturing,proppingagentslug,quasi-linearsand-addingfracturingandrapidflow-back.Conductedissand-addingfracturingfieldtestonsixwellsandtherateofsuccessfulstimulationreachesupto70%andth