易之源教育LUCY讲义小学英语语法之动词动词的意义:动词时表示动作或者状态的词。动词的分类:1.实义动词(1)又称行为动词,能够独立作谓语。Weloveanimalsverymuch.Thesunsetsinthewest.(2)分为及物动词和不及物动词,及物动词之后可以直接接宾语,而不及物动词后不可接宾语。Ilikereadingbooksverymuch.Thesungoesup.2.连系动词:即为系动词,不能够单独作谓语,必须和名词、形容词等一起使用作句子的谓语。(1)表状态的连系动词:be,look,smell,sound,feel,keepIdon’tfeelwelltoday.Thegardenlooksverybeautiful.(2)表转换或结果的连系动词:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,Thesongsoundsbeautiful.Theweatherisbecomingwarmerandwarmer.3.助动词:是帮助实义动词完成某些语法功能的动词。助动词本身没有实义,不能单独作谓语,主要有be,do,have(has,had).Iamaworker.Doyouhaveasister?助动词的特征及用法助动词功能举例Be(am,is,are,was,were)构成进行时构成系表结构Have(has,had)构成完成时态Do(did,does)构成疑问句、否定句加强语气替代主要动词4.情态动词:表示说话人对某一动作或者状态的态度。情态动词词义不完全,不能够单独作谓语,只能与动词原形一起构成谓语。小学阶段常见情态动词有can,must,need,will,may,could.Canyouswimacrosstheriver?Imustgotoschoolbe7o’clockorI’llbelate.动词的几种基本形式1.动词原形:无变化2.第三人称单数现在时(与第三人称单数的形式构成和名词复数构成法相似)情况变法举例一般情况-s,-x,ch-,sh,-o结尾易之源教育LUCY讲义以“辅音字母+y”结尾3.过去式和过去分词规则变化情况变法举例一般情况以不发音字母e结尾以“辅音字母+y”结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词不规则变化4.现在分词情况变法举例一般情况以不发音字母e结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节以ie结尾TESTChoose1.Everything______________fastinspring.A.BeginB.growsC.grewD.began2.She________atfiveyesterdaymorning.A.Getsupb.wentupC.gotupD.wasgettingup3.—Whatareyoudoing?---I’m___________astorybook.A.ReadingB.readsC.seeingD.read4.Everyone_________here.Let’sbeginourclass.A.AreB.isC.wasD.be5.Didyou___________theapple,Lucy?A.EatB.ateC.eatsD.eating6.“____________youready?”theteacherasks.A.CanB.willC.shallD.are7.I__________fifteennextweek.A.AmB.wasC.wereD.willbe