SectionⅢGrammar—“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句语法图解探究发现①However,afterayearorsoinwhichtheybecamemoreseriousabouttheirwork,theMonkeesstartedtoplayandsingtheirownsongslikearealband.②However,thenextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamⅠ,towhomtheamberroombelonged,decidednottokeepit.③Later,theymaygiveperformancesinpubsorclubs,forwhichtheyarepaidincash.④Theymaystartasagroupofhighschoolstudents,forwhompractisingtheirmusicinsomeone'shouseisthefirststeptofame.[我的发现](1)以上四个句子都使用了“”引导的定语从句。先行词若指物,那么介词后的关系代词用;若指人,则用。(2)以上四个句子中,第①句是定语从句,第②③④句是_________定语从句。介词+关系代词whichwhom限制性非限制性一、基本构成在“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中,关系代词指物用which,指人用whom,不可用that或who代替。TherecomesTom,forwhomIhavebeenwaitinganhourorso.汤姆来了,我等了他大约一个小时。HehandedmeapenwithwhichIwrotedownhisphonenumber.他递给我一支钢笔,我用它记下了他的电话号码。Theuniversityinwhichmybrotheroncestudiedisveryfamous.我哥哥曾经就读的大学很有名气。[即时演练1]用“介词+关系代词”填空①Ourschoolisverybeautiful,wearegreatlyproud.②Thankyouforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavefinisheditontime.③ThisisthemanIlearnedalotinmylife.④WangHong,Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyedherselfverymuch.ofwhichwithoutwhichfromwhomwithwhom二、介词不能提前的情况有些固定动词短语中的介词一般不能提前。常见的这类动词短语有listento,lookat,dependon,lookfor,payattentionto,takecareof,lookafter,takepartin,callon,catchupwith,getalongwith,hearof,lookforwardto等。Thismustbethekeythatsheislookingfor.这一定是她正在寻找的那把钥匙。Thisisthebabywhomyouwilllookafter.这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweheardof.我们经常谈论我们听说的人和事。[即时演练2]补全句子①AsfarasIknow,heisaman__________________________(很难相处).②Thisisthebaby___________________________________(我奶奶照看的).whoishardtogetalongwithwhom/thatmygrandmatakescareof三、“介词+关系代词”的拓展1.复杂介词+关系代词用于该结构中的关系代词有which,whom和whose。常用的复杂介词有becauseof,infrontof,asaresultof,atthebackof等。Hewasbadlyhurtintheaccident,becauseofwhichhedidn'tgotowork.他在事故中严重受伤。因此,他没去上班。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsataboy.他们来到一座农舍,农舍前面坐着一个男孩。2.表部分或整体概念的“代词+of+关系代词”表示部分与整体概念的代词有both,all,neither,none,either,some,any,most,few,half等。Chinahaslotsofislands,oneofwhichisHainanIsland.中国有很多岛屿,其中之一是海南岛。Theoldmanhasthreesons,allofwhomcareabouthim.那位老人有3个儿子,他们都很关心他。[即时演练3]补全句子①Therearesixtystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefromvillages(他们中的多数都来自农村).②Twogirlscametoseethecar,(她们中没有一个)likesit.③Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,_______________(它们中的80%)aresoldabroad.④Hewasillyesterday,_______________(由于这……)hecouldn'tgotoschool.80%ofwhichneitherofwhomasaresultofwhich3.the+名词+of+关系代词此结构用来代替“whose+名词”,也可用“ofwhichthe+名词”。Theydoexperimentsinalab,thewindowsofwhich/ofwhichthewindows/whosewindowsfacesouth.他们在窗户朝南的实验室里做实验。Iwilltalktothosestudentsthehomeworkofwhom/whosehomework/ofwhomthehomeworkhasn'tbeendone.我要和没完成作业的学生谈话。[即时演练4]补全句子①Therearetwobuildings,standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.有两栋建筑物,其中较大的那栋建筑物将近有100英尺高。②Isawsometrees,theleavesofwhichwereblackbecauseofdisease.→Isawsometrees,wereblackbecauseofdisease.→Isawsometrees,wereblackbecauseofdisease.我看到一些树,由于生病树叶是黑的。thelargerofwhichwhoseleavesofwhichtheleaves4.关系副词when,where,why可用“介词+which”来代替Ioftenthinkofthemomentwhen(=atwhich)IsawtheUFO.我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。Thepolicesearchedthehousewhere(=inwhich)thethiefhadstayed.警察搜查了那个小偷待过的房子。Idon'tknowthereasonwhy(=forwhich)heperformedbadly.我不知道他为什么表现差。[即时演练5]句型转换①Weareinapositionwherewemaylosealargesumofmoney.→Weareinapositionwemaylosealargesumofmoney.②Wearelookingforwardtothedaywhenwewillgettogether.→Wearelookingforwardtothedaywewillgettogether.③Idon'tknowthereasonwhythehouseissodirty.→Idon'tknowthereasonthehouseissodirty.inwhichonwhichforwhich四、theway后定语从句的关系词way表示“方法,方式”时,其后的定语从句有两种情况:1.theway的关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时,用that和which均可,作宾语时可省略。Theway(that/which)hethoughtoftopreventtheairpollutionwasverygood.他想出的防止空气污染的方法非常好。(关系词代替theway在定语从句中用作thoughtof的宾语)2.theway的关系词在定语从句中作方式状语时,用that或inwhich均可,现代英语倾向于省略关系词。Idon'tliketheway(that/inwhich)youspeaktoyourmother.我不喜欢你同你母亲说话的方式。[即时演练6]关系词填空①Thevillagersthoughthighlyofthewaywetreatedthebeggar.②Thewayyoutoldmewasn'tpractical.③Hesuggestedsettlingtheprobleminawaywaspeaceful.(inwhich/that)(that/which)which/thatⅠ.单句语法填空1.(2015·重庆高考改编)Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfofwerepublishedinthe1990s.2.Thechildren,allofhadplayedthewholedaylong,weretired.3.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothofhavebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.whichwhomwhich4.ThisisthemanwhomIlearnedofthegoodnews.5.ThisisthemanwhomIhaveworkedtogetherfortwentyyears.6.DoyouremembertheplacewhichwehadlunchlastSunday?7.Wehavegot16medals,mostofwerewonbywomen.fromwithinwhich8.Isthisthewatchhewaslookingfor?9.Theplanwhichmostpeoplepresentdidn'tagreewascalledoff.10.Thefootballteamhas15members,theoldestofis25yearsold.which/thattowhomⅡ.用定语从句把下面两个句子合成一个句子1.Shehastwodaughters.Oneofthemisadoctor.Shehastwodaughters,isadoctor.2.Theboywasoftenlateforschool.Thereasonisstillunknown.Thereasontheboywasoftenlateforschoolisstillunknown.3.Chinahasthousandsofislands.HainanIslandisthelargestamongthem.Chinahasthousandsofislands,HainanIslandisthelargest.forwhichoneofwhomofwhich4.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase.Itspricewasveryreasonable.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepricewasveryreasonable.5.Inthedistancethereisahill.O