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TEST1ReadingComprehensionPassage1Thedog,calledPrince,wasanintelligentanimalandaslavetoWilliams.Frommorningtillnight,whenWilliamswasathome,Princeneverlefthissight,practicallyignoringallothermembersofthefamily.Thedoghadanumberofclearlydefinedduties,forwhichWilliamshadpatientlytrainedhimand,likethegoodpupilhewas,Princelivedforthechancetodemonstratehisabilities.WhenWilliamswantedtoputonhisboots,hewouldmurmur“Boots”andwithinsecondsthedogwoulddropthemathisfeet.Atnineeverymorning,Princeranofftothegeneralstoreinthevillage,returningshortlynotonlywithWilliams'dailypaperbutwithahalfouncepacketofWilliams'favoritetobacco,JohnRhiney'sMixed.Agundogbybreed,Princepossessedalargesoftmouthspeciallyevolvedforthesafecarryingofhuntedcreatures,sothepaperandthetobaccocametonoharm,neverWilliamswasarailwayman,anenginedriver,andheworeablueuniformwhichsmelledofoilandoilfuel.Hehadtoworkatoddtimes—“days”,“latedays”or“nights”.OvertheyearsPrincegottoknowtheseperiodsofworkandrest,knewwhenhismasterwouldleavethehouseandreturn,andthedogdidnotwastethisknowledge.IfWilliamsoverslept,asheoftendid,Princebarkedatthebedroomdooruntilhewoke,muchtotheannoyanceofthefamily.Onhisreturn,Williams'slipperswerebroughttohim,thepaperandtobaccotooifpreviouslyundeliveredAcuriousthinghappenedtoWilliamsduringthesnowandiceoflastwinter.Oneeveningheslippedandfellontheicypavementsomewherebetweenthevillageandhishome.Hewassobadlyshakenthathestayedinbedforthreedays;andnotuntilhegotupanddressedagaindidhediscoverthathehadlosthiswalletcontainingoverfiftypounds.Thehousewasturnedupsidedowninthesearch,butthewalletwasnotfound.However,twodayslater—thatwasfivedaysafterthefall—PrincedroppedthewalletintoWilliam'shand.Verymuddy,stainedandwetthrough,thelittlecasestillcontainedfifty-threepounds,Williams'drivinglicenseandafewotherpapers.Wherethedoghadfounditnoonecouldtell,butfoundithehadandrecognizeditprobablyA)B)C)D)2.Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutgundogs?A)B)C)Theycancarrybirds,etc.withouthurtingthem.D)3.AsaresultofWilliams'A)B)C)D)A)WilliamshadtogotoB)thedogmadetoomuchnoiseinthehouseC)D)A)B)hewC)D)Passage2Lighttravelsataspeedwhichisaboutamilliontimesfasterthanthespeedofsound.Inonesecond,lighttravelsabout300,000km,butsoundtravelsonly0.334km.Youcangetsomeideaofthisdifferencebywatchingthestartofarace.Ifyoustandsomedistanceawayfromthestarter,youcanseesmokecomefromhisgunbeforethesoundreachesyourears.Thisgreatspeedoflightproducessomestrangefacts.Sunlighttakesabout8minutestoreachus.Ifyoulookatthelightofthemoontonight,rememberthatthelightraysleftthemoon1.3secondsbeforetheyreachedyou.Theneareststarissofarawaythatthelightwhichyoucanseefromittonightstartedtotraveltowardsyoufouryearsagoataspeedofnearly2millionkmperminute.Insomecases,thelightfromoneoftonight’sstarsstartedonitsjourneytoyoubeforeyouwereborn.Thus,ifwewanttobehonest,wecannotsay,”Thestarsareshiningtonight.Wehavetosay,”thestarslookpretty,TheywereshiningfouryearsagobuttheirlighthasonlyjustreachedEarth.6.Lightspeedis_____thansoundspeed.A)millionstimesfasterB)amilliontimesslowerC)aboutmillionsoftimesfasterD)Aboutamilliontimesfaster7.Ifyoustand200metersawayfromamanwhoisfiringaguntostartarace,you’llfindoutthat_____.A)youcanhearthegunbeforeyouseethesmokeB)sounddoesnottravelasfastaslightC)thesoundofthegunwillreachyoubeforethemanfireshisgunD)soundtravelsaboutamilliontimesfasterthanlight8.Sunlightobviously_____thanthelightofthemoon.A)hastotravelagreaterdistanceB)moveslessquicklyC)travelsmuchmorequicklyD)islesspowerful9.Thescientificwayofsayingthestarsareshiningtonightshouldbe_____.A)thestarshavebeenshiningallthetimeB)thestarsseentonightwillbeshiningfouryearslaterC)thestarswereshininglongagobutareseentonightD)thestarlightseentodaycouldbeseenfouryearsago10.Thelightoftheneareststaryouseetonighthasbeen_____foryearsA)ontheearthB)onthemoonC)awayfromthesunD)awayfromthestarPassage3Justsevenyearsago,theJarvik-7artificialheartwasbeingcheeredasthemodelofhumancreativeness.ThesightofBarneyClark-aliveandconsciousaftertradinghisdiseasedheartforametal-and-plasticpump-convincedthepress,thepublicandmanydoctorsthatthefuturehadarrived.Ithadn't.AftermonitoringproductionoftheJarvik-7,andreviewingitseffectsonthe150orsopatients(mostofwhomgotthedeviceasatemporarymeasure)theU.SFoodandDrugAdministrationconcludedthatthemachinewasdoingmoretoendangerlivesthantosavethem.Lastweektheagencycancelleditsearlierapproval,effectivelybanning(禁止)thedevice.TherecallmayhurtSymbionInc,makeroftheJarvik-7,butitwontendtherequestforanartificialheart.Oneproblemwiththebannedmodelisthatthetubesconnectingittoanexternalpowersourcecreatedapassageforinfection(感染).Inventorsarenowworkingonnewdevicesthatwouldbefullyplaced,alongwithatinypowerpack,inthepatient'schest.Thefirstsamplyproductsaren'texpectedforanother10or20years.Butsomepeoplearealreadyworryingthatthey'llwork-andthatAmerica’soverextendedhealth-careprogramswillloseaprecious$2.5billionto$5billionayearprovidingthemforarelativelyfewdyingpatients.Ifsuchexpenditures(开支)cutintofundingformorebasiccare,theneteffectcouldactuallybeadeclineinthenation'she