必修三Units3~5Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars教材复习篇1Ⅰ.晨背5分钟一、短语晨背1.solarsystem太阳系2.intime及时;终于3.givebirthto产生;分娩4.inone’sturn轮到某人;接着5.prevent...from阻止;制止6.blockout挡住(光线)7.cheerup感到高兴;感到振奋8.nowthat既然9.getthehangof熟悉;掌握;理解10.breakout突发;爆发11.watchout密切注视;当心;提防二、佳句选粹1.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。2.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.我们惊奇地看着,随着地球引力的增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。3.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.随后它会变成什么没有人知道,直到45~38亿年前,这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。Ⅱ.单词自查1.n.系统;体系;制度2.n.原子3.pron.&n.&adj.(英)万亿;(美)十亿4.n.碳5.n.大气层;气氛6.adj.基本的;基础的7.n.酸systematombillioncarbonatmospherefundamentalacid8.n.链子;连锁;锁链9.vi.&vt.乘;增加10.n.氧11.n.二氧化物12.n.谜;难题vt.&vi.(使)迷惑;(使)有难13.n.生物学14.n.万有引力;重力15.n.卫星;人造卫星chainmultiplyoxygendioxidepuzzlebiologygravitysatellite16.adj.温和的;文雅的17.n.物理学家18.n.气候19.vi.&vt.碰撞;坠落20.n.&vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力21.vi.&vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮n.漂浮物22.n.质量;团;块;大量;(复)群众23.n.天文学→n.天文学家gentlephysicistclimatecrashpullfloatmassastronomyastronomer24.n.宗教;宗教信仰→adj.宗教的;虔诚的;凭良心的25.n.学说;理论→adj.理论的,理论性的26.n.球体;地球仪;地球→adj.全球性的;全世界的religionreligioustheorytheoreticalglobeglobal27.adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→n.剧烈,猛烈28.adj.有害的→n.&v.伤害,危害,对……有害29.vi.存在;生存→n.存在,实有;生存violentviolenceharmfulharmexistexistenceharmfuladj.有害的;伤害的①Thecourtcasewilldoseriousharmtomybusiness.这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。②Hemaylookfierce,buthemeansnoharm.他可能看上去很凶,但并无恶意。①harmsth.对……有害②dosb.harm/doharmtosb.对某人有害③domoreharmthangood弊大于利④Thereisnoharmin(sb.’s)doingsth.做某事无害处⑤beharmfulto...对……有害处⑥dogoodtosb./dosb.good对某人有好处⑦dowrongtosb./dosb.wrong冤枉某人完成句子①Smoking(对……有害)yourhealth.②Excessivedrinking(非常有害健康).isharmfultowilldoyoualotofharmpreventvt.防止;阻止;预防①Theheavyrainpreventedusfromstoppedusfromkeptusfromgoingthere.那场大雨使我们没能去那儿。②Hewaspreventedfromgoingoutbyhersuddenarrival.她突然来到,使他不能外出。温馨提示:①以上三个短语用在被动语态中from均不可省去,而在主动语态中,stop与prevent可省去from。②keepsb.fromdoing阻止某人干……;而keepsb.doing表示“让某人一直在干……”;keepdoing“继续干……”。①prevent...fromdoing②stop...fromdoing③keep...fromdoing阻止……干……完成句子①这个计划将被阻止实施。Thisplan.②树阻止风把土吹走。Treessoilaway.willbekeptfrombeingcarriedoutpreventwind(from)blowingmassn.(聚成一体的)块;堆;大量;大部分;群众adj.群众的;大量的;总的①Alitterofgashaslessmassthanalitterofwater.一公升汽油的质量比一公升水的质量小。②Thereisamassofchildrenintheyard.在庭院里有很多小孩子。③Themasseshaveboundlesscreativepower.人民群众有无限的创造力。①amassof一块/团/堆②massesof大量的③themassof大多数④themasses群众温馨提示:名词前有amassof或massesof修饰且作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与mass保持一致。同样用法的词还有:amount,quantity,supply等。完成句子①Hehas(大量的)bruises.②(群众)areoftenthemakersofhistory.amassofThemassesspreadvt.&vi.(spread,spread)展开;延伸;流传;涂抹①Momspreadanewtableclothonthetable.妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。②Hespreadjamonbread.他把果酱涂在面包上。③Thetablewasspreadforsupper.桌子已摆好,准备吃晚饭。①spreadsth.on在……铺上……②spreadout散开,伸展,延伸③spreadover遍布在……④spreadto传到,波及⑤spreadwith在……上面涂抹完成句子①PapermakingbeganinChinaand(传到)Europe.②Thebird(展开了翅膀)andflewaway.spreadtospreaditswingspuzzlevt.&vi.(使)迷惑;(使)苦思n.迷;难题①Hepresentedmewithapuzzle—allbecausehewavedtomelikesomeonedoesonseeingaclosefriend.他让我感到迷惑,因为他向我挥手就像看到一位亲密朋友一样。②I’vebeensittingherepuzzlingaboutwhattodo.我一直坐在这里苦苦思索该怎么办。③I’vebeentryingtopuzzleoutwhyshe’ssoupset.我一直想试图搞清楚她为什么如此烦恼。①sb.bepuzzledbysth.某人对……感到迷惑②puzzleabout/oversth.对某事感到迷惑③puzzleone’sbrain冥思苦想;绞尽脑汁④solveapuzzle解决一个难题⑤puzzledadj.无法了解的;困惑的⑥puzzlingadj.令人费解的用puzzle的适当形式填空①Toexplainthefindings,heofferstwotheories.②IthatIhaven’theardfromLizforsolong.③Shelistenedwithaexpressiononherface.④Noonehasyetsucceededinexplainingtheofhowlifebegan.puzzlingampuzzledpuzzledpuzzleintime及时;总有一天,迟早;合拍子①FredandJimdidnotlikeeachotheratfirst,butintimetheybecamefriends.弗雷德和吉姆开始互不喜欢,可是最终他们成了好朋友。②You’llgetusedtotheweatherinNanjingintime.你迟早会适应南京的气候的。③Theaudienceclappedintimetothemusic.观众合着音乐拍子拍手。①aheadoftime提前,提早②allthetime一直,始终③astimegoeson随着时间的推移④atnotime绝不,在任何时候都不⑤atonetime曾经,一度⑥atatime一次⑦atthesametime同时,然而,可是⑧fromtimetotime有时,偶尔⑨haveagoodtime玩得愉快innotime立刻,马上⑪takeone’stime从容不迫;不慌不忙⑫onceuponatime从前⑬killtime消磨时间⑭haveahardtimedoing干……吃了不少苦头翻译句子①我刚好及时赶上那班飞机。.②我们及时赶到火车站乘上火车。.③他迟早会受到惩罚的。.IwasjustintimefortheflightWegottothestationjustintimetocatchthetrainHewillbepunishedintimecheerupv.使(人)……高兴/振奋;高兴起来,振作起来(表示鼓励)n.欢呼;声援;振奋①Thecrowdcheeredwhenheappeared.当他出现时群众发出欢呼声。②Iwenttocheerourteamon.我去为我们的队伍加油。③He’llcheerupifyougethimabeer.给他杯啤酒,他的情绪就会好起来。①cheersb.on激励某人②withgoodcheer欣然地③acheerfullook高兴的表情④Cheers!干杯!⑤goodcheer盛宴,好精神⑥cheerfuladj.愉快的;兴高采烈的完成句子①向女王陛下三呼万岁。theQueen!②那个消息使那家人振奋不已。Thenews.Threecheersforcheeredthefamilybreakout(战争,火灾等)突发,爆发(不用于被动语态)①Firebrokeoutintheneighborhoodlastnight.昨晚附近发生了大火。②AwarbrokeoutbetweentheNorthandtheSouth.南北方之间爆发了战争。③Weshouldbreakawayfromoldconceptsandrespectthepeople’spioneeringspirit.我们既要冲破旧的思想禁锢又要尊重群众的首创精神。①breakawayfrom脱离;放弃(习惯等);打破(陈套等)②breakin使驯服,闯入,打断,插嘴③breakinto破门而入;闯入④breakoff打断,折断⑤breakdown打破,毁掉,塌,分解;不成功⑥breakup拆散;打碎;破碎⑦breakthrough突围,突破,冲垮⑧breakintopieces成为碎片用break相关短语的适当形式填空①AterribletsunamiinthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.②Thecrowdstartedtowhentheni