产品平台范围描述与评价模型研究

华中科技大学博士学位论文产品平台范围描述与评价模型研究姓名：金茂竹申请学位级别：博士专业：管理科学与工程指导教师：陈荣秋20081001IMCII,,,MCIIIAbstractTheplatform-baseddesignandproductionisoneofwidelyimplementedMCstrategiestocreateproductfamiliesthatprovidesufficientvarietytothemarketwhilemaintainingeconomiesofscale.Appropriateproductplatformconfigurationandarchitectureforproductfamilyrequiresestimatingexpectedfinancialbenefitsbothintermsofsavingsduetocommonalityandrevenuesduetosuccessfulproductperformanceinthemarket.Thequestionoffindingtheoptimalplatformextent,thatis,therightnumberofplatforms,thecorrespondingproductplatformconfigurationforaproductfamilyandproductfamilystrategyistoachievearudimentaryunderstandingoftheinterplayamongproductarchitecture,manufacturing,cost,engineeringperformance,value,demandandtheroleofcompetition.Thedissertationexploredanddemonstratedtheplatformextentproblemrigorouslyaddressedbothquantitativelyandqualitativelyintheperspectivesofproductplatformconfigurationmultipleproductplatformconfigurationandproductplatformstrategyvaluation.Firstly,basedonthebackgroundandrelatedliteraturereviewonresearchareassuchasevolutionofproductplatformconceptandtheory,variousplatformstrategiesandplatformtechniques,productplatformbasedconfiguration,andheuristicapproachtosolvelargescaleoptimizationproblems.Anapproachforplatform-basedconfigurationofproductfamilyproductionisputforward.Consideringtheproblemofdeterminingaproductplatformconfigurationfortheproductionofaproductfamilywhileminimizingtheoverallproductioncost,theproblemisformulatedasageneraloptimizationproblemofminimizingtheproductioncostusingproductplatformarchitecturewhilesatisfyingthepartassemblyconstraints.BothanoptimalformulationandanevolutionarystrategybasedonGeneticAlgorithmarepresentedandtheapproacheisillustratedwithanexampleofafamily.Secondly,giventheaforementionedapproachandtakingthestochasticdemandsintoaccount,asingleplatformconfigurationapproachforproductfamilyispresented.Theproblemisformulatedasatwostagestochasticprogrammingmodelwithrecourse.Theobjectiveistominimizethetotalproductioncostthatincludesthecostofproductionofplatforms,costofproductionofproductsusingtheplatforms,holdingcostforunusedplatformsandstockoutcostforlostdemands.Thisproblemissolvedusingtwoapproaches,exactmethodandageneticalgorithmbasedheuristicthatcombinesintegerIVprogrammingtosolvetheproblem.Thetwoapproachesareinvestigatedandtheirimportanceforvariousprobleminstancesispresented.Theapproachesareillustratedandvalidatedbyusingthesameexampleofaproductfamily.Thirdly,consideringtheproblemofproposingmultipleplatformsfortheproductionofagivenproductfamilywhileminimizingtheoverallproductioncost,themethodologyconsideredthegivendemandforeachproductvariant,withthedecisionvariablesoftheoptimalnumberofplatforms,optimalconfigurationofeachplatform,andassignmentoftheproductstotheplatforms.Theadvantageforusingmultipleplatformsoverasingleplatformisabilitytooptimallymatchproductstoaparticularplatform.Theproblemisformulatedasanintegerprogram,andboththeoptimalformulationandanevolutionarystrategybasedongeneticalgorithmarepresented.Theapproachisillustratedbyusinganexampleofaprocutfamily.Finally,thedissertationelaboratedacomprehensivemethodologyforevaluatingtheplatform-basedproductfamilystrategyroadmaps.Theproposedmethodologyaddressedtheissuesconcernedwithstrategyembeddedwithfutureuncertaintiesandcombinedrealoptionsvaluationandgameanalysisusingagametheoreticapproachatdifferentnodesofthedecisiontreebyintroducinggamesthatrepresentcompetitivestrategicmoveswhichwillhelpdecision-makerstomakeintelligentdecisionsduringthecourseofproductplatformstrategy.Theinvestmentopportunitieswithimportantcompetitiveorstrategicdimensionschangethedecision-makingflexibilityandthusthevalueofrealoptions.Theproposedrealoption-gameapproachaddressedtheinfluenceofcompetitor’smoveonevaluatingrealoptionsanddecistion-makingtimingintheimplementingprocessofplatformstrategyinthedifferentinformationaccessionandcompetitivesenarioes.Giventheabove-mentionedanalysis,thestepsandmodelstoevaluatemultistageproductplatformstrategyarediscussedanddemonstratedintheend.KeywordsMCProductplatformextentProductplatformconfigurationProductplatformstrategyRealoptionsGametheoryHeuristicalgorithm11202120JosephPineII19932002M.AndersonJosephPineII199720051980Hill1988BowmanFaulkner1994Jacobson1990MillerDess1993MassCustomizationMCMCLampelMintzberg19961.11.1.1MC1970AlvinTofflerMC1987StanDivesMC1993JosephPineIIMassCustomizationthenewfrontierinBusiness2CompetitionMCMCMC,,2000GilmoreMC20MCWheelwrightClark19921995McGrath1995Erixon1996,SandersonUzumeri1997MeyerLehnerd1997RobertsonUlrich1998HoTang1998O’Grady1999BaldwinClark2000MCProductPlatformMCModularityCommonalityReconfigurationReusabilityTsengJiao2001CarstenAri2002MCBarry2002BartPhilip2003MCCIMS,CE1999MCSelladurai2004OversupplyOvercapacityDynamicStabilityTsengJiao1996MCMC3Giovani2001ProductFamilyMCSimpson2001Configure-to-OrderJiao20062004MCMeyerLehnerd1997McGrath,1995RobertsonUlrich,1998MuffattoRoveda,2002Bowman2005Gordon2004Kalligeros2006NASA2006Simpson2004Commonality