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vi.不同；相异adj.精确的；准确的n.剪枝；剪报；剪纸n.双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj.成对的；成双的adj.同一的；一模一样的adj.商业的；贸易的adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的adj.复杂的；难懂的着手；从事；承担得到好结果；取得成功；偿清n.突破n.程序；步骤；手续n.原子核；中心adj.躯体的；肉体的；细胞体的n.胚；胚胎；萌牙时期n.携带者；搬运工；运输工具differvi.exactadj.△cuttingn.twinn.△identicaladj.commercialadj.straightforwardadj.△complicatedadj.undertakevt.(undertook,undertaken)payoffbreakthroughnproceduren△nucleusn.△somaticadj.△embryon.carriern.vt.扔；投；掷沮丧；不愉快adv.总共；完全地adj.任意的n.命运；天命n.改正；纠正；修正vi.反对；不赞成n.不赞成；反对；异议n.撞击；冲击；巨大的影响n.媒介；手段；工具大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)vt.获得；赢得vt.获得；到达（水平、年龄、状况）adj.道德（上）的；伦理的adj.保守的；守旧的vt.禁止；不准castvt.(cast,cast)castdownaltogetheradvarbitraryadj.△faten.correctionn.objectvi.objectionn.△impactnmediumn.themediaobtainvt.attainvt.moralconservativeadj.forbidvt.(forbade,forbad;forbidden)vt.积累；聚保赞成；支持旁路；支线；岔道n.宪法；章程adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的n.歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院n.合唱；合唱队n.一条（面包）n.面粉vt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于adv.立刻；不久vi.退休；离开vt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰一定或注定（做）……accumulatevt.infavourofsideroad（sidewalk)constitutionn.compulsoryadj.operan.chorusn.loafn.flourn.owevt.shortlyadv.retirevi.bothervt.(be)boundto(do)1.differvi.相异；有区别；不同于1)AdifferfromBinsth在这方面法语和英语不同。FrenchdiffersfromEnglishinthisaspect.2).differwith/fromsbon/aboutsth在某事上不同意某人在这个问题上我不同意你的看法。Ihavetodifferwith/fromyouonthequestion.A和B在...方面不同n.differenceadj.differentmakea/nodifferencetosbtellthedifferencebetweenAandBbedifferentfrom[考例]Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatly____sizeandshape.(上海2007)A.onB.fromC.byD.in2.undertake她答应三个月之内还我钱。Sheundertooktopaybackthemoneyinthreemonths.我保证你一定会喜欢这次旅行。Icanundertakethatyouwillenjoythetrip.vt.承担,从事；着手做某事;答应，同意(undertake-undertook-undertaken)undertakeresponsibility/atask/aprojectundertaketodo…同意;答应；着手做某事undertakethat…同意；答应；担保3.payoff(1)vi.取得成功，得到回报(无被动)约翰在考试前的努力学习没有白费。Joh’shardworkbeforetheexaminationpaidoff你的计划成功了吗？Didyouplanpayoff?(2)偿清vt.他所有的债务都是用现金付清的。Allhisdebtwaspaidoffwithcash.[词语联想]paybackpayfor为……而付款；为……付出代价归还；报复用pay相关短评的适当形式完成句子(1)I’ll___________(还你钱)nextmonth.(2)Youmust______(为……付出代价)yourrudewords.(3)_________________(他努力没有白费)whenthemanageracceptedhisproposal.(4)She____200yuan___(付……的钱)Tom’sbike.forpayyoubackpayforHiseffortspaidoffpaid()－Mom,Ican’tseeanypointinworkinghardatallthesubjectsatschool.－Comeon,dear.Yearsofhardworkwillsurely_____inthefutureofyourcareer.A.makesureB.payoffC.bringbackD.payback4.breakthroughn.突破取得突破；冲破脱离；逃脱；摆脱打破；毁掉；垮了；抛锚闯入；插嘴破门而入爆发折断；打断；中断拆散；打碎；分裂breakthroughbreakawayfrombreakdownbreakinbreakintobreakoutbreakoffbreakup5.cast(cast;cast)扔；投；掷castdown使失望；使沮丧（多用被动语态）be/feelcastdown感到沮丧不要这么沮丧,打起精神来！Don’tbesocastdown.Justkeepupyourspirits.听到这个消息他很沮丧。Hewascastdowntohearthenews.拓展castashadow心里上留下阴影Don’tletyourselfbe___byasmallfailureintheexperiment;tryagain.A.turneddownB.castdownC.putdownD.madedown6.altogetheradv(1)Thatwillbe100yuanaltogether.(2)Iamaltogetheronyourside.(3)Altogether,thingsaregettingbetter.Intotal/all总共completely完全Inaword总之辨析altogether,alltogether1.let’salltogethersing.全部，一起7.objectvi反对(oppose/beopposedto)objecttosb/sth/doingsthIobjecttosuchtreatment.Iobject_____________likethat.tobeingtreatedobjectionn.have/make/takeanobjectionto…表示“对…表示反对”havenoobjectiontoraiseanobjectiontosth对…提出异议Hehasastrongobjectiontogettingupthatearly.=Hestronglyobjectstogettingupthatearlyobjectn.物体，对象；宾语；目的，目标他强烈反对那么早起床Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers___amatchwithoutastandardcourt.A.objectedtohavingB.wereobjectedtohaveC.objectedtohaveD.wereobjectedtohaving8.forbidvt.禁止，不准，不许forbade/forbad=forbidden/forbidding常用结构：forbid(one’s)doingsth.sb.todosth.sb.fromdoingsth.sbsth表示禁止某人做某事prevent/stop/keep…fromdoingsth.1.Peopleforbid______intheroom.A.tosmokeB.smokingC.smokeD.smoked2.Forbiddingus________doesgoodtoyourhealth.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.smokingD.smoked3.–MayIuseyourcar?-No,I_________.A.forbadeyoutoB.forbidyoutoC.forbidusingD.forbidtousing4.Thereisaboardbytheroad,which____”parking__!”A.writes;forbiddingB.reading;forbiddingC.says;forbiddenD.saying;forbidden9.infavourof=befor赞成，支持你赞成这个计划还是反对这个计划？Areyouinfavouroftheplanoragainsttheplan?favourn.帮助；恩惠；赞成；支持；偏袒；偏爱favourableadj.有利的；支持的favouriteadj.&n.最喜欢的inone’sfavour对某人有利dosbafavour=doafavourforsb帮助某人owesbafavour欠某人情[考例]Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas______it.(陕西2006)A.infavourofB.inmemoryofC.inhonourofD.insearchof10.owevt.欠(帐；钱；人情等)；归功于owesbsth/owesthtosb欠某人..;把..归功于某人owingto/dueto/thanksto/asaresultof/onaccountofShestillowes$55tohisfather.Shestillowesanapology/gratitudetomeSheoweshersuccesstohardwork.Sheowedittoherhusbandthatshebecameapainteratlast.11.bothervt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰；麻烦将下列句子译成汉语。(1)Theneighbourswerebotheredbythenoiseoftheparty._______________________________(2)Don’tbotherhimwhileheisworking._______________________________(3)Didyouhavemuchbotherfindingtheaddress?_______________________________邻居们被聚会的噪音所困扰。他工作的时候不要打扰他。你找到那个地址费了很大周折吗？bothersb打扰某人bothertodosth费心去做某事12.beboundtodo一定/注定要做…;有义务做你一定要在天黑之前回家。Youareboundtogohomebeforedark.你有义务承担培养孩子的责任。Youareboundtobringupthechild.拓展beboundupin热心于；忙于beboundupwith与…有密切关系beboundby受…约束I’llbebound=Ifeelsure（插入语）我敢肯定1)Ifeel__totellyouthatyou’redrinkingtoomuch.A.guiltyB.dutyC.prou