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ReadingcomprehensionPassageOneThemodernsailingshipwasdevelopedbyamanwhoneverwenttosea.HewasPrinceHenryofPortugal,theyoungersonthePortuguesekingandanEnglishprincess.PrinceHenrylivedinthefifteenthcentury.Asaboyhebecamedevotedtothesea,andhededicatedhimselftoimprovingthedesignofshipsandthemethodsofsailingthem.In1416,whenhewastwenty-two,Henryfoundedaschoolformariners,towhichheinvitedeveryonewhocouldhelphim---Jewishastronomers,ItalianandSpanishsailors,andArabmathematiciansandmapmakerswhoknewhowtousethecrudecompassofthedayandcouldimproveit.Henry’sgoalwastodesignandequipvesselsthatwouldbecapableofmakinglongoceanvoyageswithouthavingtokeepclosetotheshore.Thecaravel(多桅小帆船),whichhehelpeddesign,carriedmoresailsandwaslongerandslimmerthananyshipthenmade,yetwasroughenoughtostandupagainstgalesatsea.Healsodevelopedthecarrack,whichwasaslowership,butonethatwascapableofcarryingmorecargo.TheworldowescredittoPrinceHenryforthedevelopmentofcraftthatmadeoceanicexplorationpossible.HelivesinhistoryasHenrytheNavigator.1.HenrytheNavigatorwasamemberoftheroyalfamilyof_______.A.EnglandB.SpainC.ItalyD.Portugal2.PrinceHenrystartedhisschoolforthepurposeof_________A.helpingmarinersB.improvingshipdesignandsailingmethodsC.studyingastronomyandmathematicsD.improvinghisownskillsasasailor3.TheteachersinPrinceHenry’sschoolseemtohavebeen_________.A.membersoftheroyalfamilyB.astronomers,sailorsandmapmakersC.shipbuildersD.Alloftheabove4.PrinceHenry’sgoalwastodesignvesselsthatcould________.A.makelongdeep-seavoyages.B.travelfasterthanthoseinuseatthattimeC.explorethecoastlineofPortugalD.carrylargercrewsandmorecargothanexistingones5.Thebesttitleforthisselectionis__________.A.TheFirstModernSailingVesselsB.TheMarinerPrinceC.PrinceHenry’sRoleintheHistoryofShipbuildingD.theFirstSchoolforSailors1-5DBBACPassagetwoAlfredNobel,theSwedishinventorandindustrialist,wasamanofmanycontrasts.Hewasthesonofabankrupt,butbecameamillionaire;ascientistwithaloveofliterature,anindustrialistwhomanagedtoremainanidealist.Hemadeafortunebutlivedasimplelife,andalthoughcheerfulincompanyhewasoftensadinprivate.Aloverofmankind,heneverhadawifeorfamilytolovehim;apatrioticsonofhisnativeland,hediedaloneonforeignsoil,heinventedanewexplosive,dynamite,toimprovethepeacefulindustriesofminingandroadbuilding,butsawitusedasaweaponofwartokillandinjurehisfellowmen.Duringhisusefullifeheoftenfelthewasuseless:“AlfredNobel,”heoncewroteofhimself,“oughttohavebeenputtodeathbyakinddoctorassoonas,withacry,heenteredlife.”World-famousforhisworkshewasneverpersonallywellknown,forthroughouthislifeheavoidedpublicity.“Idonotsee,”heoncesaid,“thatIhavedeservedanyfameandIhavenotasteforit,”butsincehisdeathhisnamehasbroughtfameandglorytoothers.HewasborninStockholmonOctober21,1833butmovedtoRussiawithhisparentsin1842,wherehisfather,Immanuel,madeastrongpositionforhimselfintheengineeringindustry.ImmanuelNobelinventedthelandmineandmadealotofmoneyfromgovernmentordersforitduringtheCrimeanWar,butwentbankruptsoonafter.MostofthefamilyreturnedtoSwedenin1859,whereAlfredrejoinedthemin1863,beginninghisownstudyofexplosivesinhisfather’slaboratory.Hehadneverbeentoschooloruniversitybuthadstudiedprivatelyandbythetimehewastwentywasaskillfulchemistandexcellentlinguist,speakingSwedish,Russian,German,FrenchandEnglish.Likehisfather,AlfredNobelwasimaginativeandinventive,buthehadbetterluckinbusinessandshowedmorefinancialsense.Hewasquicktoseeindustrialopeningsforhisscientificinventionsandbuiltupover80companiesin20differentcountries.Indeedhisgreatnesslayinhisoutstandingabilitytocombinethequalitiesofanoriginalscientistwiththoseofaforward-lookingindustrialist.ButNobel’smainconcernwasneverwithmakingmoneyorevenwithmakingscientificdiscoveries.Seldomhappy,hewasalwayssearchingforameaningtolife,andfromhisyouthhadaseriousinterestinliteratureandphilosophy.Perhapsbecausehecouldnotfindordinaryhumanlove---henevermarried---hecametocaredeeplyaboutthewholeofmankind.Hewasalwaysgeneroustothepoor:”I’drathertakecareofthestomachsofthelivingthanthegloryofthedeadintheformofstonememorials,”heoncesaid.Hisgreatestwish,however,wastoseeanendtowars,andthuspeacebetweennations,andhespentmuchtimeandmoneyworkingforthiscauseuntilhisdeathinItalyin1896.Hisfamouswill,inwhichheleftmoneytoprovideprizesforoutstandingworkinPhysics,Chemistry,Physiology,Medicine,LiteratureandPeace,isamemorialtohisinterestsandideals.Andso，themanwhofeltheshouldhavediedatbirthisrememberedandrespectedlongafterhisdeath.1.Theexpression“makeastrongpositionforhimself”(in2ndparagraph)couldmostsuitablybereplacedby________.A.grewmoreinfluentialwiththepromotioninpositionB.becamewellestablishedC.madelargeprofitsD.wonhimselfawell-paidjob2.AlfredNobelsaidhedidnotdeserveanyfameandhadnotasteforit.Fromthiswecaninferthathewas________.A.aself-consciousmanB.agenerousmanC.amodestmanD.aself-confidentman3.AlfredNobelstoodheadandshoulderaboveothersbecause____.A.asascientisthewasimaginativeandinventiveB.asanindustrialistheshowedprudentjudgmentandgreatforesightC.hesucceededincombiningbothhisinterestsandidealsD.bothAandB4.“I’drathertakecar