基于单片机的水位控制系统

海南大学毕业论文（设计）题目：基于单片机的水位控制系统学号：#########姓名：#########年级：2007级学院：信息科学技术学院系别：电子信息工程系专业：电子信息工程指导教师：###########完成日期：2011年4月17日摘要设计一种基于单片机水塔水位检测控制系统。该系统能实现水位检测、电机故障检测、处理和报警等功能，实现超高、低警戒水位报警，超高警戒水位处理。介绍电路接口原理图，给出相应的软件设计流程图和汇编程序，并用Proteus软件仿真。我所选的论文是基于单片机的水位控制系统，通过在网上查询及其它相关调查后了解到，水位控制系统是我国住宅小区广泛应用的供水系统，在我的指导老师刘老师的启发之下，我们对某些住宅供水情况进行了调查，根据调查在我们的农村甚至城市兴建的许多的房屋现在都要实现自来水供水，所以在许多的家庭的楼顶都砌了一个高塔用来存储用水，然后对整个房子的用水进行供给。调查的过程当中发现，目前大多数的住宅小区都是采用人工加水的办法，即当水用完的时候，就人工开启水泵进行加水，十分不便。引起了老百姓的抱怨----水用完之前，不知道水已经很少，待用完后才知晓，如果是急需水的情况下，那就十分麻烦要等加水后才有水用；加水的过程当中，还需要人时刻检查水位情况，以防止水量超过最高水位线；所有这一切问题的存在，都在呼唤一种简单经济的水位控制系统的诞生。另外，现在许多的锅炉系统、防洪系统也需要对水位进行控制，以能够方便地控制水位，对不同的水位进行报警，所以如果研制了一种很好的水位控制装置便能够很好地造福人民。我们学习了《单片机》、《模拟电子技术》、《数字电子技术》、《电路》等知识，为我此次设计打下了良好的基础。基于简单的调查，我感到现实生活急需要这样的水位控制系统，所以我决定在老师指导之下设计与研制一种水位控制系统作为我本次毕业设计的课题。相信本次的设计一定能够给老百姓的生活带来方便，也一定会具有广阔的市场前景，一定能够使我们电子设计能力得到很好的锻炼，使我们的理论和现实生活联系起来！关键词：单片机；水位检测；控制系统；仿真AbstractDesignawatertowerwaterleveldetectionbasedonsinglechipcontrolsystem.Thesystemcanrealizethewaterleveldetection,faultdetection,handlingandalarmfunctions,toachievehighandlowwarninglevelalarm,highwarninglevelprocessing.Introductiontothecircuitinterface,schematics,flowchartsaregivenappropriateandassemblersoftwaredesignandsoftwaresimulationwithProteus.MythesisisbasedontheselectedMCUlevelcontrolsystem,throughtheInternetandotherrelatedinvestigations,inquiries,learnedthatthewaterlevelcontrolsystemiswidelyusedinresidentialquartersofthewatersupplysystem,inmytutorinspiredbyLiu,Weconductedacertainresidentialwatersurvey,thesurveyofruralorurbaninourhousesarebuilttobeachievedinmanytapwater,sothatinmanyfamiliesassembleatowerroofareusedtostorewater,thenthewholehousewithwatersupply.Theprocesssurveyfoundthatmostoftheresidentialareaarenowusingartificialwaterway,thatis,whenthewaterrunsout,tomanuallyopenthepumpforwater,isveryinconvenient.----complaintscausedpeoplebeforerunningoutofwater,waterhasverylittledonotknow,tobeusedaftertheunknown,ifthecaseisurgentneedofwater,itisverytroublesometowaitforwateruntilthewateruse;waterTheprocess,peoplealwaysneedtocheckthewaterleveltopreventwaterexceedingthemaximumwaterlevel;allthisproblemandarecallingacheapandeasywaterlevelcontrolsystemwasborn.Also,nowmanyoftheboilersystem,thefloodcontrolsystemtocontrolthewaterlevelalsoneedstobeabletoeasilycontrolthewaterlevel,waterlevelalarmdifferent,soifyoudevelopedagoodwaterlevelcontroldevicewillbeabletowellbeingofthepeople.Westudythesinglechip,AnalogElectronics,DigitalElectronics,circuitofsuchknowledge,formethishaslaidagoodfoundationforthedesign.Basedonasimpleinvestigation,Iaminreallifeneedtobesuchalevelcontrolsystem,soIdecidedtodesignanddevelopmentofteachersundertheguidanceofawaterlevelcontrolsystemasIamthesubjectofthisgraduationproject.Ibelievethisdesignwillbeabletobringconveniencetothelivesofordinarypeople,theywillcertainlyhavebroadmarketprospects,willbeabletomakeourabilitytogetagoodelectronicdesignexercise,sowelinktheoryandreallife!Keywords:microcontroller;waterleveldetection;controlsystem;Simulation目录1.设计背景的简单介绍.......................................................................................................12.设计思路与方案...........................................................................................................................12.1.设计思路..........................................................................................................................12.2方案设计..........................................................................................................................23.系统组成与工作原理...................................................................................................................23.1系统组成........................................................................................................................23.2系统工作原理...................................................................................................................33.3水塔水位控制原理............................................................................................................34单元电路设计及元器件介绍........................................................................................................44．1光报警显示统电路.........................................................................................................44.2继电器控制水泵加水电路................................................................................................54.3元器件介绍.......................................................................................................................54.3.2光电耦合器简介....................................................................................................54.3.3继电器简介...........................................................................................................65程序设计........................................................................................................................................75.1程序流程图.......................................................................................................................75.2汇编程序..............................