主语从句翻译讲解及练习

翻译系列之一：主语从句Definition:主语主语：句子的核心主体，通常位于谓语之前，表明一个句子是谁或何种情况所发出执行或者承受的。句子欣赏Lifeisamatterofchoice.Losingcanbearealbeginning.Theselflesscanbefearless.Theignorantcanbefearless.Theshamelesscanbefearless.MoreExamplesTolightthecandleofheartisbetterthantocursethedarknessoftheoutsideworld.点亮内心的蜡烛，胜过咒骂外界的黑暗。Fromwordstodeedsisagreatspace.言行之间大有距离。Definition：主语从句在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫做主语从句，引导主语从句的词有从属连词，连接代词，关系代词，连接副词等，它们在句子中不能省略。记住十种句型十种主语从句句型，根据引导词的不同而划分。十种主语从句的练习。句型一：That+完整句=名词Thateveryonemayreceiveatleastaseniorhighschooleducationissignificant.Thatallmenarecreatedequalandthatbothmenandwomenshouldenjoyequalrightsarenothingbutslogansanddesires.句型二：Whether+完整句=名词Whetheryoucansucceedinmakingyourdreamcometruedependsonhardworkmorethanluck.Whethercomputercanreplacetheroleofteachershaslongbeenahottopic.句型三：how+完整句=名词Howyouthinkandactwillinfluenceyourlife.句型四：where+完整句=名词Whereweloveishome.Whereourlanguageisstoredinthebrainandhowtheformandmeaningarestoredandwhethertheformandmeaningarestoredinthesameplaceorinadifferentplacearestillmajorproblemsforpsychologiststoprobeinto.句型五：when+完整句=名词Whenthesunisshiningisthebesttimetorepairtheroof.Whenyoucanfinishitdependsonyourefforts.句型六：why+完整句=名词Whysomanypeopleprefertoliveinthecityisbeyondme.Whyweneedtoloveandhateandwhyweneedtosetaclearlinebetweenourloveandhatearecommonplacequestions,butthesequestions,thoughcommonplace,defyeasyanswers.句型七：whoever+不完整句=名词Whoeverwantstoreachadistantgoalmusttakemanysmallsteps.Whoeverdareswins.Whoeverseeksobtains.句型八：which+不完整句=名词Whichwayyouturnisuptoyou.Whichgirlyouchoosetobeyourgirlfriendisyourdecision.句型九：what+不完整句=名词What’sdonecan’tbeundone.Whatwedowillinglyiseasy.句型十：Whatever+不完整句=名词Whateverisatthecenterofourlifewillbethesourceofourwisdomandpower.Whateveryouloveinthisworldlovesyouinreturn.句子翻译练习你需要的是更多的练习。他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。很明显他已经尽力而为了。他们什么时候来还不知道。句子翻译练习你需要的是更多的练习。Whatyouneedismorepractice.他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencewhethertheyjoinusornot.很明显他已经尽力而为了。Thathehasdonehisbestisobvious.他们什么时候来还不知道。Whentheywillcomeisstillnotknown.句子翻译练习她渴望的是更多的钱。犯人是如何逃跑的是个迷。不论谁来都欢迎。他是如何成功的仍然是个迷。句子翻译练习她渴望的是更多的钱。Whatsheneedsismoremoney.犯人是如何逃跑的是个迷。Howthecriminalescapedwasamystery.不论谁来都欢迎。Whoevercomesiswelcomed.他是如何成功的仍然是个迷。Howhesucceededwasamystery.句子翻译练习我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。她干了什么尚不清楚。她去了哪儿，还不知道。句子翻译练习我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。Whetherwewillholdapartyoutsidetomorrowdependsontheweather.她干了什么尚不清楚。Whatshehasdoneisnotclear.她去了哪儿，还不知道。Whereshehasgoneisnotknown.形式主语句用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：a.It+be+形容词+that-从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……Itisobviousthat…很明显……b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…从所周知……Ithasbeendecidedthat…已决定……形式主语句c.It+be+名词+that-从句Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是……Itisafactthat…事实是……d.It+不及物动词+that-分句Itappearsthat…似乎……Ithappensthat…碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……主语从句和形式主语句的转化谁去，这不重要。Whowillgoisnotimportant.Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。Whichteamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.主语从句和形式主语句的转化他还活着全靠运气。Thatheisstillaliveissheerluck.Itissheerluckthatheisstillalive.他们何时结婚依然不明。Whentheywillgetmarriedremainsunknown.Itremainsunknownwhentheyaregoingtogetmarried.主语从句和形式主语句的转化这一计划是否可行还有等证实。Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.Itremainstobeprovedwhethertheplanisfeasible.书销售如何取决于作者本人Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.Itdependsonitsauthorhowthebookwillsell.句子翻译练习据说格林先生已经到北京了。众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。她是否来杭州这无关紧要，重要的是。句子翻译练习据说格林先生已经到北京了。ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。Itisknownthattheearthrevolvesaroundthesun.她是否来杭州这无关紧要，重要的是。Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershecomestoHangzhouornot.