高考英语三大从句精讲

高考英语三大从句精讲树人教育培训学校刘源第一部分概述关联词与主句关系先行词定语从句不能用what修饰主句的一个名词或一句话先行词等于关联词，并且在主句总做一定成份状语从句独立成句，修饰限定主句的谓语名词性从句是主句的一部分that无意义分析：主谓宾谓宾主谓宾第二部分定语从句定语从句的结构：先行词+（关联词）+从句解决定语从句题目的关键：把先行词代入从句，重新组成句子；先行词做状语，用关系副词（when，where，how）先行词做主语、宾语，用关系代词（that，which，who，whom）What不能用在定语从句中。Thereisamarketaround——youcouldgetall——youneed。Oneofhisbrothersisateacher，——Iwanttobe。Ateacheris——Iwanttobe。考点一：thatwhichas的区别只用that的情况：1.先行词是all,much,few,little,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时。例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuy?2.先行词被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等词修饰或被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等限定词修饰时。例如：TheseareallthepicturesthatIhaveseen.Thisistheverydictionarythatisofgreathelp.3.先行词既指人又指物时。例如：Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthethingsandthepersonsthattheycouldremember.4.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。例如：Ourschoolisnottheonethatitusedtobe.5.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：ThisisthebestEnglishfilmthatIhaveeverseen.ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasATaleofTwoCities.6.主句是who或which引导的特殊问句时。例如：Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?只用which的情况：非限制性定语从句中；代指前面的一个事实，只能用在主句后面；注意：介词后面不一定只能加which：介词+which，介词+whom，介词+where，介词+when，介词+whose介词+whom（who与whom的互换）：Tom，towhomyoushouldkeepwhathappenedasecret，isstandingthere。Heisamanofgreatexperience,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom介词+where/when:当先行词具有唯一性的时候，需要用介词+where或者when，相当于：介词+whichplace或者介词+whichtime：Youmaycallonmefromonetofiveo’clock,during_____Iamalwaysathome.A.thetimeB.whattimeC.thattimeD.whichtimeChinaisthebirthplaceofkites,_____kiteflying（放风筝）spreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.A.fromthereB.whereC.fromwhereD.there介词+whoseWiththedevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople____villageItaughtbeforehavelivedahappylife.A.whoB.whoseC.inwhoseD.inwhichAs的用法：1、代指前面发生的一件事情，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。____ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It先行词有thesame与thesuch修饰的时候，关系代词用as，注意thesame。。。as。。。（同类）与thesame。。。that（同一个）的区别注意：thesuch+名词+that（结果状语从句）thesuch+名词+as（定语从句）判断的标准是看从句是否是完整的一句话。状语从句是完整的，定语从句肯定是不完整的。ThisnovelissuchaninterestingbookthatIhavebeenlongingforitforalongtime。ThisnovelissuchaninterestingbookasIhaveneverread。先行词在从句中做状语的情况：1、从句中有完整的主谓宾结构，先行词只能做状语；Thisisthepoint——weallinsiston。Ihavegottothepoint——Imustchooseonefromtwo。2、从句中没有宾语，但是，先行词不能直接加在从句的谓语后面：Thisisthehotel---Ispentmyholiday。Thetrain_____shewastravelingwaslate.A.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inthat我们在日常学习过程中，必须注意，哪些动词是及物动词，哪些动词是不及物动词；还有一些动词，可以做及物动词，也可以做不及物动词。名词ofwhom现象：Whom代指先行词的一部分或者全体。Theoldmanhasthreedaughters，allof—aredoctors。Theoldmanhasthreedaughters。Allof—aredoctors。Theoldmanhasthreedaughters，andallof—aredoctors。Whose+名词和the名词ofwhich用于从句中的名词和先行词之间有从属关系。前者可以用在物和人，后者只可以是物。Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoB.who’sC.whoseD.whichThehouse,_____wasdestroyedintheterriblefire,hasbeenrepaired.A.theroofofwhichB.whichroofC.itsroofD.theroof定语从句中的主谓一致：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。例如：TomisoneoftheboyswhoarefromtheUSA.TomistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisfromtheUSA.定语从句题目的变形Isthisthemuseum_____youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theoneIsthismuseum_____someGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theoneItwassuchaseriousmistake,_____causedbycarelessness.A.whichIthinkwasB.whichIthinkitwasC.IthinkwhichwasD.IthinkwhichitwasThescientisthasmadeanotherdiscovery，_______Ibelieveisofgreatimportance.A.thatB./C.whichD.whyThesecondisconnectedwiththeuse________thebodymakesoffood.A.ofwhichB.whereC.todoD.thatWhycan'tyourealizethepart________theyhaveplayedinourlife?A.whichB.onwhichC.whenD.whereWetravelledtogetherasfarasChicago,_____wesaidgoodbyetoeachother.A.whichB.whenC.whyD.where思考：为什么不能用whenIsthistheman________youwanttohave________theradioforme?A.who;repairedB.that;repairedC.whom;repairingD.that;repair1.Wasitintheshop________soldchildren'sclothingthatyoulostyourwallet?A./B.whereC.thatD.when2.Thankyouforthedifficulty________youhavehadpaintingthehouse.A.whenB./C.whyD.where3.Isthereanyonearoundthefactory________knowshowtooperatethecomputer?A.whoB.whichC.whereD.inwhich4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplan________theywouldliketosee________thenextyear.A.that;carriedoutB.who;carriedoutC.which;carryoutD.that;carryingout5.Shewasmuchdisappointedtoseethebeautifulcloth________shehadmade________withlotsofspots.A.which;coverB.that;coveredC./;coveringD.where;covering6.Lincoln,________lifewasoncehard,wereelectedPresidentofAmerican.A.forwhomB.whoC.towhomD./Isucceed——theyfailed。状语从句名词性从句1.Shewassoangryandspokesofastthatnoneofusunderstood_______hesaidmeant.A.thatB.whatC.thatthatD.whatwhat2.After_______hadhappenedhecouldnotcontinuetoworkthere.A.whichB.howC.whatD.having3.“Is______youwanttosay？”askedtheteacher.A.thisB.thatC.allthatD.thatall4.“When______leaveforJapan？”“When______leaveforJapaniskeptsecret.”A.theywill,willtheyB.willthey,theywillC.theywill,theywillD.willthey,willthey5.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis6.Don’tyouknow,mydearfriend,______itisyourmoneynotyouthatsheloves？A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what（1）Everyoneknows,perhapsexceptyou,_______yourgirl-frien