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SectionDⅠ.Materialanalysis本课是九年级第四单元第一话题的第四课时。主活动是1a和Project。1a通过介绍古今人们如何定位来继续学习一般过去时的被动语态，同时让学生初步接触并理解现在完成时的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态。语法和功能部分则让学生通过填空来归纳总结过去时的被动语态和一些常用的功能句。Project部分则体现了“在做中学”的理念。让学生用英语来介绍自己的发明，无疑会巩固本话题的语言知识并进一步培养和提高学生“用英语做事情”的能力。Ⅱ.Teachingaims1.Knowledgeaims：掌握本课的重点词汇和短语，归纳总结一般过去时的被动语态。2.Skillaims:能够理解其他形式的被动语态。如:现在完成时的被动语态和情态动词的被动语态。能够在听、说、读、写活动中正确地运用被动语态。Ⅲ.Thekeypointsanddifficultpoints1.Keypoints:Wordsandphrases:mark,explorer,system,man-made,findout,aslongas,beusedtodosth.Sentences:Thismethodworkedwellatnightaslongastheweatherwasgoodandthestarscouldbeseen.Today,theproblemhasbeensolvedbytheGlobalPositioningSystem.Itcanalsobeusedtostudytheshapeoftheearth.Grammar:was/were+pp2.Difficultpoints：TheGPSisagreatinventionthathelpsusexploreourplanetanddiscoverwhereweare.Ⅳ.Learningstrategies通过语法和功能部分的归纳总结来内化所学的语言知识。通过参与讨论1a的问题来感知、预测文章大意。通过Project的设计活动，介绍自己的发明来提高口头表达能力。Ⅴ.Teachingaids指南针/小黑板/ppt等。Ⅵ.TeachingproceduresStage(timeperiod)InteractionpatternsTeacheractivityStudentactivityRemarks1Revision(12mins)IndividualworkStep1:LettheSscompleteGrammarandFunctionsandchecktheanswers.T:Boysandgirls,let’sbeginourclasswithsomeexercises.PleasecompletetheblanksinGrammarandFunctions.Whenyoufinish,raiseyourhand.T:Iamgoingtochecktheanswers.Youhadbetteranswerinfullsentences.xxx,wouldyouliketoanswerthefirstone?T:Great!Howaboutthesecondone?CompleteGrammarandFunctionsandchecktheanswers.S1:Yes.TheradiowasinventedbyGuglielmoMarconiin1895.S2:Whenwasthedigitalcameradeveloped?Itwasdevelopedinthe1970s.S3:Wherewasitdeveloped?ItwasClassactivityGroupworkStep2:LettheSssumuptheusageofpassivevoice.T:Youalldidverywelljustnow.Next,let’ssumupthepassivevoice.Whatkindofpassivevoicedidwelearnfirst?T:Couldyoutellmehowtouseit?T:Superb!Whatwasthesecond?T:Howaboutthestructure?Step3:WritedownsomeChinesesentencesontheBboronthescreen.LettheSsputthesentencesintoEnglishaloneandthenchecktheanswersingroups.Letthegroupleaderscollectallthemistakes.T:Now,lookatthesesentencesandputthemintoEnglishalone.Checktheanswersingroups.ThegroupleadersshouldcollectthedevelopedinJapan.S4:…Sumuptheusageofpassivevoice.Ss:一般现在时态的被动语态。Ss:am/is/are+ppSs:一般过去时态的被动语态。Ss:was/were+ppPutthesentencesintoEnglishaloneandthenchecktheanswersingroups.mistakesinyourgroup.Whenyoufinish,raiseyourhand.Example:1.这种火箭是由中国在二十世纪七十年代制造的。2.我的自行车昨天被盗了。3.第一部手机是由马丁·库伯（Martin.Cooper）发明的。4.这条毛巾是用竹子做的。5.X光机被用来诊断疾病。T:Now,let’scheck.Group1,whatarethemistakesinyourgroup?T:Whocansolvethisproblem?T:Goodexplanation!Howaboutyou,Group2?S1:xxxhasdifficultiesinchoosingpresentpassiveorpastpassive.S2:通过观察时间标志词来确定。如第1，第2题都有时间标志词。第3、4、5题虽然没有明显的时间标志词，但是我们可以通过常识判断。S3:…2Pre-reading(3mins)ClassactivityStep1:Presentacompass.Askandanswerquestions.Moveto1a.T:Whatisit?T:Yes.It’sacompass.Whenwasitinvented,doyouknow?T:Whoinventedit?Answerquestions.Ss:指南针。Ss:北宋。S1:It’ssaidthatEmperorHuangT:Whatisitusedfor?T:Yes,youareright.Today,we’lllearnhowpeopleknowthedirections.Step2:LettheSsreadthequestionsonpage88.Learnthenewwordexplorer.T:Now,beforereadingthepassage,youhadbetterreadthequestionsonpage88.Youcanlearntheword“explorer”bywordformation“explore(v)+er=explorer(n)”.inventedit.S2:It’susedforgivingdirections.Readthequestionsonpage88.Learnthenewwordexplorer.3While-reading(8mins)IndividualworkStep1:LettheSsread1aandfindtheanswerstoQuestion1,2and3.T:Now,read1aandfindouttheanswerstoQuestion1,2and3.Whenyoufinish,raiseyourhand.T:Ithinkweshouldchecktheanswersnow.xxx,couldyoupleaseanswerQuestion1?T:Wonderful!Question2,who?T:WhatisaGPS,whoknows?Read1aandfindtheanswerstoQuestion1,2and3.S:Theearlyexplorerusedthestarstoknowwheretheywere.S2:Inbadweather,peoplecouldn’tseethestars,sothismethoddidn’twork.S3:GPSislikeaman-madestar.GroupworkStep2:LettheSsdiscusswhattheGPSwillbeusedforinthefuture.T:WeknowGPSisusefultous.Whatisitusedfornow?T:Oh,youhavegoodknowledgeofGPS.Now,pleasediscusswhattheGPSwillbeusedforinthefuture.T:Haveyoufinisheddiscussing?T:Whichgroupwantstobethefirst?T:Smartidea.Buthowdoyoumakeitcometrue?T:Othergroups?T:…It’sveryusefultous.Peoplecanuseittofindouttheirposition.DiscusswhattheGPSwillbeusedforinthefuture.S1:It’susedfortransportation.S2:It’susedforsendingsatellites.S3:It’susedforplanes.S4:…Ss:Yes.S1:Wecanuseittofindthemissingoldpeopleorchildren.S1:Wecanputitinthepocketorintheshoes.S2:..S3:..4Post-reading(10mins)GroupworkLettheSsread1aagainandfindoutthenewwords,thedifficultpointsandkeypointsingroups.T:Now,read1aagain.Findoutthenewwords,thedifficultpointsandkeypointsingroups.T:First,let’ssolvethenewwords.Whatdoes“guidingmarks”mean?T:Soundsgood!Howabout“man-made”?T:And“system”?T:Second,whatarethedifficultpoints,Group2?T:Goodquestion!It’sakindofpassivevoice.Thestructureis“modalverb+be+pp”.T:Whatelse?T:Anothergoodquestion.It’sanewgrammar.We’lllearnitlater.It’scalledattributiveclauses.Wecanchangetheword“that”into“andtheinvention”.T:Haveyoufoundanyusefulexpressions?Read1aagainandfindoutthenewwords,thedifficultpointsandkeypointsingroups.S1:指路标志。S2:指引标志。Ss:人造的。Ss:系统。S3:Whatdoes“thestarscouldbeseen”meaninPara1?S4:Howdoweunderstandthelastsen