英语书写Writing - Basic Skills

WELCOMEContentsIntroduction:whattoknowbeforewritingBasicSkills:howtodevelopagoodwritingPracticalWriting:howtowriteforpracticalcommunicationIntroductionwhattoknowbeforewritingManuscriptFormArrangementWordDivisionCapitalizationPunctuationHandwritingArrangementYouhadbetterwriteoneveryotherline.Leaveamarginoneachsideofthepaper.Writethetitleinthemiddleofthefirstline.Capitalizethefirstandlastwordsofthetitleandallotherwords(includingwordsfollowinghyphensincompoundwords)exceptarticles,coordinatingconjunctions(and,or,but,nor,for),shortprepositions,andthetoininfinitives.ArrangementNoperiodisusedattheendofatitle.Useaquestionmarkifthetitleisadirectquestion,butdonotuseoneifitisanindirectquestion.Usequotationmarkswithquotesortitlesofarticles;andunderlinenamesofbooks.Indentthefirstlineofeveryparagraph,leavingaspaceofaboutfourorfiveletters.Donotbeginalinewithacomma,aperiod,asemicolon,acolon,aquestionmarkoranexclamationmark.Donotendalinewiththefirsthalfofapairofbrackets,quotationmarks,orparentheses.Thehyphenthatindicatesadividedwordisputattheend,notatthebeginning,ofaline.SampleTitlesMyFirstVisittothePalaceMuseumThePeopleWithoutaCountryRulestoAbideByDickensandDavidCopperfieldWhatCantheArtistDointheWorldofToday?WhatReformMeanstoChinaTheMythofa“NegroLiterature”TheEnglish-SpeakingPeopleinQuebecWordDivisionThegeneralprincipleistodivideawordaccordingtoitssyllables.One-syllablewordslikethrough,march,brainandpushedcannotbedivided.Donotwriteoneletterofawordattheendoratthebeginningofaline,evenifthatonelettermakesupasyllable,suchasa.lone,trick.y.Donotputatwo-lettersyllableatthebeginningofaline,likehat.ed,cab.in.Avoidseparatingpropernamesofpeopleorplaces,likeChi.na,Aus.ten.WordDivisionDividehyphenatedwordsonlyatthehyphen:father-in-law,empty-handed.Donotdividewordsinawaythatmaymisleadthereader:pea.cock,re.ally.Donotdividethelastwordonapage.Instead,writethewholewordonthenextpage.Dividewordswithprefixesorsuffixesbetweentheprefixorsuffixandthebasepartoftheword:re.state.ment.Dividetwo-syllablewordswithdoubleconsonantsbetweenthetwoconsonants:strug.gle,shat.ter.PunctuationUseaperiod(fullstop)attheendofacompletesentence,howevershortitis.Donotuseacommatojointwocoordinateclauses;useacommaandaconjunction,orasemicolon.Makeyourcommasdifferentfromyourperiods.Useaquestionmarkattheendofadirectquestion;donotuseoneattheendofanindirectquestion.Usetheexclamationmarkonlyafteranemphaticinterjectionorwordsthatexpressverystrongemotion.Donotoveruseit.Putdirectspeechbetweenquotationmarks.Thesubjectandverbthatintroduceaquotationmaybeputbefore,after,orinthemiddleofthequotation.Shesaid,“Wehavedecidedtotaketheexamination.”“Wehavedecidedtotaketheexamination,”shesaid.“Wehavedecided,”shesaid,“totaketheexamination.”HandwritingWritecarefullysothatyourhandwritingcanbereadeasily.Exercises:Punctuatethefollowingpassageandusecapitalswherenecessary:weenteredtheroomjanelookedaroundandaskedwhereisthecatshemusthaverunawayIansweredshedoesn’tliketostayathomewemustgoandfindherjanesaidlet’sgoatthismomentthecatwalkedoutfromunderthechairImprovedOne:Weenteredtheroom.Janelookedaroundandasked,“Whereisthecat?”“Shemusthaverunaway,”Ianswered,“Shedoesn’tliketostayathome.”“Wemustgoandfindher,”Janesaid,“Let’sgo.”Atthismoment,thecatwalkedoutfromunderthechair.TongueTwistersFuzzyWazzywasabear.FuzzyWazzyhadnohair.FuzzyWazzywasn’tveryfuzzy,washe?Howmuchwoodwouldawoodchuckchuckifawoodchuckcouldchuckwood?Exercises:PleasetranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1、他花30万美元买了这所房子。2、孩子不能接近这个地区。3、春节要到了。4、总共有200人在这次飞机坠毁事件中丧生。Hegotthehousefor300,000Americandollars.Hepaid300,000Americandollarsforthehouse.Thehousecosthim300,000Americandollars.Ittookhim300,000Americandollarstobuythehouse.Thehousetookhim300,000Americandollars.Hespent300,000Americandollarsbuying/onthehouse.Childrenarenotsupposedtoapproachthearea.Childrenarenotpermittedtoapproachthearea.Childrenarenotallowedtoapproachthearea.Childrenareprohibitedfromapproachingthearea.Childrenareforbiddentoapproachthearea.Childrenarekeptawayfromthearea.TheSpringFestivalisdrawingnear.TheSpringFestivaliscomingnear.TheSpringFestivalisgettingnearerandnearer.TheSpringFestivalisarrivingsoon.TheSpringFestivalisinsight.TheSpringFestivalisaroundthecorner.Therearealtogether200peoplelosingtheirlivesintheaircrash.Therearealtogether200deathintheaircrash.200peoplelosttheirlivesintheaircrash.200peoplewerekilledintheaircrash.Thisaircrashkilled200people.Thisaircrashleadstothedeathof200people.Thisaircrashclaimed200people’slives.TheSentenceCompleteSentencesandSentenceFragmentsHecame.Shewrotealetter.Dr.Smithisaprofessor.Hecametotheclassroomveryearly.Shewrotealettertoherparents.Dr.Smithisawell-knownprofessorofphysics.Faulty:Itwasraininghard,theycouldnotworkinthefields.Itwasraininghard;theycouldnotworkinthefields.Itwasraininghard.Theycouldnotworkinthefields.Itwasrainingsohardthattheycouldnotworkinthefields.Theycouldnotworkinthefieldsbecauseitwasraininghard.Itwasraininghard,sotheycouldnotworkinthefields.As