TPP协议(2015-11-05-英文)18.-Intellectual-Property-Chap

SubjecttoLegalReviewinEnglish,SpanishandFrenchforAccuracy,ClarityandConsistencySubjecttoAuthenticationofEnglish,SpanishandFrenchVersions18–1CHAPTER18INTELLECTUALPROPERTYSectionA:GeneralProvisionsArticle18.1:Definitions1.ForthepurposesofthisChapter:BerneConventionmeanstheBerneConventionfortheProtectionofLiteraryandArtisticWorks,asrevisedatParis,July24,1971;BudapestTreatymeanstheBudapestTreatyontheInternationalRecognitionoftheDepositofMicroorganismsforthePurposesofPatentProcedure(1977),asamendedonSeptember26,1980;DeclarationonTRIPSandPublicHealthmeanstheDeclarationontheTRIPSAgreementandPublicHealth(WT/MIN(01)/DEC/2),adoptedonNovember14,2001;geographicalindicationmeansanindicationthatidentifiesagoodasoriginatingintheterritoryofaParty,oraregionorlocalityinthatterritory,whereagivenquality,reputationorothercharacteristicofthegoodisessentiallyattributabletoitsgeographicalorigin;intellectualpropertyreferstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSections1through7ofPartIIoftheTRIPSAgreement;MadridProtocolmeanstheProtocolRelatingtotheMadridAgreementConcerningtheInternationalRegistrationofMarks,doneatMadrid,June27,1989;ParisConventionmeanstheParisConventionfortheProtectionofIndustrialProperty,asrevisedatStockholm,July14,1967;performancemeansaperformancefixedinaphonogramunlessotherwisespecified;withrespecttocopyrightandrelatedrights,thetermrighttoauthoriseorprohibitreferstoexclusiverights;SingaporeTreatymeanstheSingaporeTreatyontheLawofTrademarks,doneatSingapore,March27,2006;UPOV1991meanstheInternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants,asrevisedatGeneva,March19,1991;WCTmeanstheWIPOCopyrightTreaty,doneatGeneva,December20,1996;SubjecttoLegalReviewinEnglish,SpanishandFrenchforAccuracy,ClarityandConsistencySubjecttoAuthenticationofEnglish,SpanishandFrenchVersions18–2WIPOmeanstheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization;Forgreatercertainty,workincludesacinematographicwork,photographicworkandcomputerprogram;andWPPTmeanstheWIPOPerformancesandPhonogramsTreaty,doneatGeneva,December20,1996.2.ForthepurposesofArticle18.8(NationalTreatment),Article18.31(a)(AdministrativeProceduresfortheProtectionorRecognitionofGeographicalIndications)andArticle18.62.1(RelatedRights):anationalmeans,inrespectoftherelevantright,apersonofaPartythatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheagreementslistedinArticle18.7(InternationalAgreements)ortheTRIPSAgreement.Article18.2:ObjectivesTheprotectionandenforcementofintellectualpropertyrightsshouldcontributetothepromotionoftechnologicalinnovationandtothetransferanddisseminationoftechnology,tothemutualadvantageofproducersandusersoftechnologicalknowledgeandinamannerconducivetosocialandeconomicwelfare,andtoabalanceofrightsandobligations.Article18.3:Principles1.APartymay,informulatingoramendingitslawsandregulations,adoptmeasuresnecessarytoprotectpublichealthandnutrition,andtopromotethepublicinterestinsectorsofvitalimportancetotheirsocio-economicandtechnologicaldevelopment,providedthatsuchmeasuresareconsistentwiththeprovisionsofthisChapter.2.Appropriatemeasures,providedthattheyareconsistentwiththeprovisionsofthisChapter,maybeneededtopreventtheabuseofintellectualpropertyrightsbyrightholdersortheresorttopracticeswhichunreasonablyrestraintradeoradverselyaffecttheinternationaltransferoftechnology.Article18.4:UnderstandingsinRespectofthisChapterHavingregardtotheunderlyingpublicpolicyobjectivesofnationalsystems,thePartiesrecognisetheneedto:(a)promoteinnovationandcreativity;SubjecttoLegalReviewinEnglish,SpanishandFrenchforAccuracy,ClarityandConsistencySubjecttoAuthenticationofEnglish,SpanishandFrenchVersions18–3(b)facilitatethediffusionofinformation,knowledge,technology,cultureandthearts;and(c)fostercompetitionandopenandefficientmarkets,throughtheirrespectiveintellectualpropertysystems,whilerespectingtheprinciplesoftransparencyanddueprocess,andtakingintoaccounttheinterestsofrelevantstakeholders,includingrightholders,serviceproviders,usersandthepublic.Article18.5:NatureandScopeofObligationsEachPartyshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisChapter.APartymay,butshallnotbeobligedto,providemoreextensiveprotectionfor,orenforcementof,intellectualpropertyrightsunderitslawthanisrequiredbythisChapter,providedthatsuchprotectionorenforcementdoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisChapter.EachPartyshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisChapterwithinitsownlegalsystemandpractice.Article18.6:UnderstandingsRegardingCertainPublicHealthMeasures1.ThePartiesaffirmtheircommitmenttotheDeclarationonTRIPSandPublicHealth.Inparticular,thePartieshavereachedthefollowingunderstandingsregardingthisChapter:(a)TheobligationsofthisChapterdonotandshouldnotpreventaPartyfromtakingmeasurestoprotectpublichealth.Accordingly,whilereiteratingtheircommitmenttothisChapter,thePartiesaffirmthatthisChaptercanandshouldbeinterpretedandimplementedinamannersupportiveofeachParty’srighttoprotectpublichealthand,inparticular,topromoteaccesstomedicinesforall.EachPartyhastherighttodeterminewhatconstitu