传统型护岸与生态型护岸钟春欣,张 玮(, 210098) :传统的护岸工程以水泥、沥青、混凝土等硬性材料为主要建材,在结构型式上分为直立式,斜坡式或斜坡式与直立式组合的混合型式,断面规则渠化,偏重安全、经济的后果是极大地损害了河流的生态功能。生态型护岸的出现顺应了人与自然共生的要求,是护岸工程建设的一大进步。生态型护岸分为自然原型护岸,自然型护岸及多自然型护岸三种类型,通过绿化护面层,坡面多孔化、粗糙化,近岸流态多样化三种主要途径,重视发挥天然材料的性能,能有效地改善传统型护岸对河流环境及生态所带来的负面效果,并由此对护岸的设计及施工带来一系列有益的启发。建立关于生态型护岸生态功能的评价体系或标准以及对河道开展综合治理是今后的研究重点。:护岸工程;传统型护岸;生态型护岸;转变:U617.8 :A :1001-408X(2006)04-0136-041 ,,,。,、,,,。,。90,。,。,,。2 2.1 ,,,,。、[1]:①。、、、、、、、、。②。(、、、)(、、、)。③。,。、、、。,、。[2]:①:,、、、;②:、、、、;③:———、、、;④:、。,,(、、、、),。 :2006-03-31:钟春欣(1977-),女,江西赣州人,博士,E-mail:zhongcx16@163.com。13625420064 HongShuiRiver Vol.25,No.4No.4.20062.2 、,、,,、,[4],:①,,、;②,,,;③,,,,;④,。2.2.1 分类与材料(、、),:①。(,),;②。,、,;③。,,[4]。1。,。,,。“”“”。1 2.2.2 现有生态型护岸技术简介,、、、、、[2]。。,,。,、,、、,[5]。、、,,、、。,。、、,,[6](2)。、、、,,[5]。、、,[7]。,,,,,3。2 3 2.3 :,。,。,、137, :,,,、。,,。,,。,,,。,,。3 3.1 ,,。,。。、,。。,,,,[2]。、、,。,,,。3.2 、 ,,。,,,。、,。,、、,,[2]。,,,。,,,,。。,。、。,。,,。。3.3 ,,,,,。,。。,。,,。,。4 ,:①;②;③,,。,,。4.1 ,,、13820064,。,。,;,,、,。、、,。、、,,。4.2 。,,;,;[8]。,,,、、,,,,。。,,、,、[8]。5 、5.1 ,,,“”。,。,,,,,。,,。、、、,、、,。5.2 ,,。,,,,。,,,。,。,。,,,,。,、。,。,,。:[1] JTJ300-2000,[S].[2] RWHemphil,MEBramley.[M].:,2000.69-110.[3] .[J].,1999,(4):57-59.[4] ,.[J].,2001,(3):35-36.[5] ,,.[J].,2001,8(4):25-28.[6] ,.[J].,2002,(11):24-26.[7] .[J].,2002,(4):40.[8] .[M].:,2003.28-70.(英文文摘下转第143页)139, :2 m3/sCvCs/Cvm3/sm3/s1900~200063600.2121103001241011936~200061200.2020.9699300.9623300.971946~200061200.2120.9698300.9523600.981951~200059300.1920.9394500.9223800.99 2,,1951~2000,1936~20001946~2000,1900~2000:0.93、0.96、0.96。、1951~2000,,1936~20001946~2000,。1945,、、、、,1946~2000。6 (1)、。,、,。(2)、,(),,。、(),,,0.980()0.987()。(3),、、,、、,、、,。(上接第139页)TraditionalRevetmentandEcologicalRevementZHONGChun_xin,ZHANGWei(StateKeyLaboratoryofHydrologyWater_ResourcesandHydraulicEngineering,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing,210098)Abstract:Cement,concreteandasphaltumarethemainmaterialsfortraditionalrevetmentengineering.Thestructurestyleoftraditionalrevetmentcanbedividedintothreetypes:upstandingstyle,slopingstyleandcom-binedstyle.Asaresultofemphasizingsecurityandeconomy,traditionalrevetmentengineeringhasdonealotofdamagetotheenvironmentofriver.Ecologicalrevetment,withappealfortherelationshipofmutualbenefitsbe-tweenhumanbeingandnature,isagreatprogressofrevetmentconstruction.Ecologicalrevetment,whichcanbeclassifiedintocruderevetment,naturalrevetmentandmultiple_naturalrevetment,canimprovethenegativeeffectsbroughtbytraditionalrevetmentbythefollowingthreeapproaches:protectivecovingvirescence,coarseporedsurfaceandmultiplexvelocityofflowalongshore.Thesewillbenefitthedesignandconstructionofrevet-mentengineering.Establishinganestimatesystemorstandardforecologicalfunctionofecologicalrevetmentanddevelopinggeneralstudiesinriverengineeringarethemaintaskforthefuture.Keywords:revetmentengineering;traditionalrevetment;ecologicalrevetment;transformation143: