搜索
虚拟语气IfIwereaboy,IthinkIcouldunderstandhowitfeelstoloveagirl.历年考题•07年17题单选，•08年25题单选,•09年21题单选，•09年49题翻译，•10年18题单选，•10年47题翻译，•11年22题单选，•12年24题单选，•13年单选。四种语气•陈述语气.Herfiguremakesmefeelgreasy.•祈使语气.Getout!•疑问语气.Haveyouevereatenanydetergent?•虚拟语气.IfIwereyou,Iwouldeatsomedetergent.定义：虚拟语气是以动词不同形式来体现说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义的一种语气。虚拟语气所表达的含义是客观不存在的，或不能实现的事情。虚拟语气1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的使用。（事态倒退）2.shoulddo形式的虚拟语气二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的使用。（事态倒退）•1.区别真实条件状语从句和非真实条件状语从句。•（1）.真实条件句：表达现实或可能变为现实的条件。•Eg：IfIhavetime,IwillstudyGerman.(我确实有可能有时间，然后我就去学习德语。)•Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。•Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。•Ifitrains,wewillstopplaying.如果天下雨，我们就不玩了。（2）.非真实条件句：表达非现实或不可能变为现实的条件。•Eg：IfIhadtime,IwouldstudyGerman.(我由于某些原因，而不可能有时间去学习德语，表达愿望。)•Iwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier,ifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.如果没有堵车，我会到的早一点儿。•IfIhadgottenthereearlier,Iwouldhavemether.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）2.表达形式从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在虚拟did/wereWould/should/might/could+do过去虚拟HaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedone将来虚拟Did(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+doexamples•现在虚拟条件句•Ifallcandidatesweregirls,thebosswouldbeveryenthusiastic.•IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.•IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.•IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.•曾经有一份真诚的爱情放在我面前，我没有珍惜，等我失去的时候我才后悔莫及，人世间最痛苦的事莫过于此。如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是……一万年！•IfGodgavemeanotherchance,Iwouldsaythreewordstothegirl“ILOVEYOU”.从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在虚拟did/wereWould/should/might/could+do过去虚拟HaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedone将来虚拟Did(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+doexamples•过去虚拟条件句•Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.•IfIhadgottenthereearlier,Iwouldhavemether.•Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.翻译•如果你想死，那就找块豆腐吧。（用过去虚拟翻译）•Ifyouhadwantedtodie,youcouldhavefoundapieceoftofu.从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在虚拟did/wereWould/should/might/could+do过去虚拟HaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedone将来虚拟Did(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+doexamples•Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.•Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtalktohim.•IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.•IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.did/wereWould/should/might/could+doHaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedoneDid(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+doIf3.错综时间条件句•有些句子主句谓语（主句一般有明确的时间状语，或者从各自的动词形式可以看出）和从句谓语表示的动作在发生时间上不一致，这类句子我们成为“错综时间条件句”。•Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.•Ifhewerefree,wewouldhavesenthimtothemoonlastmonth.•IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineernow.•Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.•Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworld()morepeacefulnow.•mightbe(10年47题翻译）•Theywouldn’tbefeelingsotirediftheyhadn’tbeenwalkingforawholeday.•要不是之前走了一天的路，她们现在不会这样疲倦。4.虚拟语气中的省略倒装•如果在if等词引导非真实条件句中有情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had，可将if等词去掉，再将情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had提到句首。•Ifallcandidatesweregirls,thebosswouldbeveryenthusiastic.•Wereallcandidatesgirls,thebosswouldbeveryenthusiastic.•Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.•Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.•Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.•此句需不需要将not和had一起提前呢？注意•如果情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had为否定形式，则只提前情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had，不提前not。•Hadthewarsnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.怎么变倒装？•IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldquitthejob.•HadIamilliondollars,Iwouldquitthejob.错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错•Have可以是实意动词，也可以是助动词。•Have——助动词，表“已经”，havedone。倒装是这种形式。•Have——实意动词，表“有”，have+sth。这种形式不能倒装。•IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldquitthejob.•这里这句话是对现在的虚拟，had是实意动词，不能省略倒装。区别have用法的不同•IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldquitthejob.•Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.•IfSunWukonghadnogoldencudgel['kʌdʒ(ə)l],itwouldjustbeanordinarymonkey.•Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.5.含蓄条件句•含蓄条件句中没有明确的虚拟条件句，而是用其它形式来暗示存在虚拟条件。•（1）.时态和主句保持一致的词。如：butfor+词,otherwise+句子,without+词。•Eg：Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthework.•=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthework.•Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.•Wedidn'tliketheparty,otherwisewewouldhaveattendedit.（09年21题）•Ididn’tknowhertelephonenumber,otherwiseI____her.•A.telephonedB.hadtelephonedC.wastelephoningD.wouldhavetelephoned•D(2).时态和从句保持一致的词。如：wish，wouldrather,wouldsooner,asif（需要主句）,asthough（需要主句）,ifonly等。表将来虚拟时用would/coulddo比shoulddo多。•Ifonlyshedidn’tgetmarried.(现在虚拟)•IfonlyErKang’snaresweresmaller.•Iwishlivescouldbeinfinite.•Iwouldrather/soonerthathewerealive.•Helookedasif/thoughhehadbeenstruckbythelightning.（10年18题）•Mr.Brainwisheshiswife____inAmericaforonemoremonth.•A.couldstayB.isstayingC.staysD.hasstayed•A6.固定句型•Itisthe/(the)high/(the)verytimethat+主语+did…•Itwasthe/(the)high/(the)verytimethat+主语+haddone…•Itisthetimethatwedismissedtheclass.•Itwasthehightimethatwehaddismissedtheclass.三、shoulddo形式的虚拟语气•1.表命令，建议，要求，请求等词+从句(如：advice,decision,demand,desire,insistence,motion,necessity,order,preference,proposal,pray,recommendation,request,requirement,resolution,suggestion等。)动词+宾语从句+（Should）do名词+同位语