跨文化交际英语论文

大学生跨文化交际中的障碍和能力的培养Abriefanalysisoftheapplicationofbodylanguageincross-culturalCommunicationSpecialty:EnglishName:StudentID:Advisor:CollegeofForeignLanguagesNov,2013AcknowledgementsInwritingthispaper,Iwanttothankallmyteachers,fortheirteachingandkindsupport,theircontinuousencouragementandmassivehelpduringtheseyears.Tothemytwentysixclassmateswhohelpedmewithmyresearch,fortheirenthusiasticparticipation;Tomyfriendsinshijiazhuang,beijing,Liverpool,WesternOntarioencouragementandgreatsupport.Second,IwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoprofessorsFuTianjun,myadvisorwhospentmuchofhisprecioustimediscussingwithmeandhelpingmetonarrowthetopicattheinitialstages,aswellasshowinggreatconcernformyprogress.Iamdeeplyindebtedforhisassistanceinhelpingmetoaccomplishthisstudy.Withouthisencouragementandspecificguidance,thecompletionofthisthesiswouldhavebeenimpossible.Inaddition,hehasbeenverykindtomewheneverIconfrontedproblemsduringtheproject.Also,Iherebyexpressmysinceregratitudetomyclassmatesandroommates,whohelpedmetodothedatacollectionIneededforthisproject.Theyhavegenerouslyofferedtheirhelpatthepreparatorystageduringthisstudy.Finally,Ithankthesubjectswhosecooperationandparticipationcontributedtotheverybasisforthisresearchwork.AbstractInthe21stcentury,astheeconomicandculturalexchangingofallcountriesbecomesmoreandmorefrequent,thereappearmoreobstaclescausedbythedifferencesoflanguageandculture.Ininterculturalcommunication,oneofthemostusefulwaystodealwiththeobstaclesistomasterthemeaningofbodylanguage.However,evenifweunderstandthemeaningofsomegeneralbodylanguage,therearealsosomedifficultiestomasterbecauseeventhesamebodylanguagehasgreatdifferencesindifferentculturebackgroundandhavedifferentsocialfunctions.Thisarticledevotestoacomparisonandcontrastofbodylanguageindifferentculturesintermsofeyelanguage,gestures,postures,facialexpressionsandtouch.Usingbodylanguageswronglymakesyoufailininterpersonalcommunications,whichwouldcauseconflictininternationalcommunication.Sowhatarethedifferencesofthesamebodylanguageindifferentcountry?Howtoapplybodylanguagecorrectly?Inthisessay,afterborrowingandstudyingtheexperienceoftheforefathers,theauthoranalyzesthevarioususagesandfunctionsofbodylanguageindifferentculturebackground.Itaimstoillustratethedifferencesandsimilaritiesofbodylanguageandputforwardtheprinciplesofreducingbarriersincommunicationsoastoachieveefficientcommunicationandtoavoidmisunderstanding.KeyWords:interculturalcommunication;culturaldifference;bodylanguage;摘要21世纪，随着国际经济文化交流的加深，由于语言，文化的差异而产生的障碍随时都可能存在，在跨文化交际中，消除障碍的最有效的方法就是了解身势语的含义。然而即使我们对常用的身势语有所了解，我们仍然面临着一些困难，身势语含义千变万化，即使同一身势语在不同的文化背景都有不同的含义，行使着不同的社会功能。本文致力于从目光语，手势语，身体姿态，面部表情，体触语方面对不同文化的身势语进行对比。错误地用身势语不仅会使我们在跨文化交际中失败，而且会造成和外国朋友之间的冲突，所以怎样正确地使用身势语，怎样理解身势语的差异都非常重要，该篇论文中作者在借鉴前人成果的基础上分析了各种身势语在不同文化背景下的用法和功能。目的在于通过列举身势语的文化差异与共性，并提出交际中遵循的原则，从而促进有效交流,避免误解。关键词：跨文化交际；文化差异；身体语言TableofcontentsAcknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………iAbstractinEnglish………………………………………………………………………………iiAbstractinChinese……………………………………………………………………………iiiChapteroneIntroduction……………………………………………………………………31.1Significanceofstudy1.2StructureofthispaperChapterTwoLiteratureReview…………………………………………32.1.ConceptofBodyLanguage…………………………………………………………32.2.ClassificationandFunctionsofBodyLanguage………………….42.3.ExamplesofBodyLanguage………………………………………………………..62.4.NecessitiesofBodyLanguageinInterculturalCommunication………………….8ChapterThreeTheDifferencesofBodyLanguageinVariousCountries.103.1.EyeContact…………………………………………………………………........103.2.Smile………………………………………………………………………….....123.3.BodyDistance…………………………………………………………………....133.4.Touch……………………………………………………………………………..143.5.Gestures…………………………………………………………………………..16ChapterFourTheSimilaritiesofBodyLanguageandTheirReasons..…194.1.TheSimilaritiesofBodyLanguage………………………………………………..194.2.TheCausesResultingintheSimilaritiesofBodyLanguage……………….........204.3.ThePrinciplesofReducingBarriersinCommunication………………………….20ChapterFiveConclusion…………………………………….......21References…………………………………………………………………………...21ChapterOneIntroduction1.1SignificanceofstudyInmodernsociety,mostcountriesintheworldcommunicatewitheachotherfrequently,andatthesametime,thepeoplespeakingdifferentlanguageshavedifferentculturalbackground,wayofliving,faithofreligion,personalvaluesandsoon,whichtakeintervenetothecommunicationofpeoplecomingfromdifferentcountry.WhenaChinesemeetanAmericanfriend,wouldkissingeachotherbeoffensivefortheChinese?Iftwoyoungfriendsofthesamesexwalkwiththeirarmsaroundeachother’sshoulderswouldEnglish-speakingpeopleregardthisasbeingproper?Doesnoddingheadmean‘yes’andshakingmeans‘no’inallcultures?I’mafraidnobodycangiveapositiveornegativeanswerabouttheabovequestions,becausethesamebehaviorindifferentculturehasdifferentmeanings.Languageisoneofthegiftsofhumanbeing.Itletsusshareourexperiences,helpsuslearnfromothers,andallowsustocommunicateacrosstime,Butlanguageisonlyoneofthewayswecommunicate,Gesturesandbodylanguagecommunicateaseffectivelyaswords,maybeevenmoreeffectively,wecanusebodylanguagetogatherinformationfromoursurroundingstoo.Themoreyouunde