高中英语状语从句复习

AdverbialClause状语从句高三567陶卜瑞状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义：用一个句子充当另一个句子的状语，做状语的那个句子就是状语从句。功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。Igetupatsix.whenitisdark.状语从句是历年高考的重点，难点，命题一般是考查学生连词的掌握情况，根据两个句子的意思，判断两个句子之间的逻辑关系，选择合适的连词。所以，牢记不同的连词的具体意思，是解题的关键。从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。目标一.时间状语从句常用连接词1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once2.一...就（assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant;immediately,instantly;everytime,eachtime,thelasttime,thefirsttime,以及nosooner....than;hardly...whenI’lltellhimtheminutehegetshere.IstartedthemomentIgotyourletter.e.gShehadnosoonerheardthenewsthanshefainted.Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshefainted.Hardlyhadhegonewhensheappeared.注意:用于句首时应引起部分倒装,且前部分一般用过去完成时1.Ihadnosooergothomethanitbegantorain.部分倒装:Nosooner_______________thanitbegantorain.2.Wehadhardlyarrivedatthestation,whenthetrainleft.部分倒装：Hardly_______________whenthetrainleft.hadIgothomehadwearrivedatthestation注意：when,as,while的区别•1.When用作并列连词，其意义为“这时,突然”，常用于下列句式：•bedoing•beabouttodosth•beonthepointofdoingeg:Iwasabouttogooutwhenthedoorbellrang.OneeveningIwashavingmydinnerwhenanunexpectedfriendknockedmydoor.+when2．while①while从句中常用持续性动词，用于进行时态。Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。Shefellasleepwhileshewaslisteningtotheradio.②while作并列连词，表示强烈对比,“然而”IamfondofEnglishwhilehelikesmaths.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.③while引导让步状语从句，意思是尽管，虽然。相当于although。Whiletheylovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。3.as表示主句与从句动作同时发生，译为“一边.....一边”Helookedbehindfromtimetotimeashewent.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。as表示随着Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。【导练1】(1)_________Johnarrived,Iwascookinginthekitchen.(2)Don'tspeaksoloud______othersareworking.(3)Johnsings____heworks.(4)_______timegoesby,wearegrowingup.WhenwhileasAs注：3个重点句型：Itwillbe+时间段+before(一般现在时)要过多久才ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwas+时间段+before（一般过去时）过多久才ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagain.Itis/hsabeen+时间段+since(从句用过去时)Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.高考链接1.时间状语从句1.(04北京春)Wewereswimminginthelake______suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before2.(02上海)Hewasabouttotellmethesecret______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when3.(05上海)Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden______itwasthebesttimeforit.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.until4.(05福建)－DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?－Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock____hearrivedhome.A.BeforeB.whenC.thatD.until5.(06天津)ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,______thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while6.(04年江苏)______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.UnlessADBBDA7.(03年北京)Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation______itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as8.(04福建)Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when9.(06四川)－Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?－Herushedoutoftheroom____Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after10.(05北京春)Itisalmostfiveyears______wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.becauseCCAB目标二、条件状语从句条件状语从句是表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。引导条件状语从句的有if,unless,so/aslongas（只要）,asfaras(就...而言)，onconditionthat,incase（以防）,suppose,supposing(that),provided(that),providing(that)等。条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般要用现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现）。【导练2】1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname____itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.（2000全国）A．aslongasB．whileC．ifD．eventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_____youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.（05重庆卷）A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.ifCA3、_____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.（04北京春季）A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif4、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s________Ihavetowait.（05全国卷3）A．incaseB．sothatC．inorderD．asifBA目标三.原因状语从句&地点状语从句1.原因状语从句最常用的引导词是because,since,as，nowthat,inthat.eg:IwenttothetownlastweekbecauseIwantedtoseemyaunt.Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothepark.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let'sbeginourmeeting.Thisbookisdifferentfromthatbookinthatthisoneisaboutchemistryandthatoneabouthistory.2.地点状语从句常用引导词where，whereverWherethereisawill,thereisaway.Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.【导练3】1.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain________(where/how)shewasandwaitforhermother.2.MarkneedstolearnChinese_____(until/since)hiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.3.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,_____(for/so)hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.4.---DidyoureturnFred'scall?----Ididn'tneedto________Iwillseehimtomorrow.5.Inpeace,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp______(however/wherever)thereishumansuffering.wheresinceforbecausewhereverso…that…与such…that…的区别so+adj./adv.+thatso+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+thatso+many/much/few/little+名词+thate.g.Itissohotthatwecan’tsleep.Itissointerestingabookthatshehasreadittwice.such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+thatsuch+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+thatsuch+alotof/lotsof+名词+thatItissuchaninterestingbookthatshehasreadittwice.Therewassuchdeliciousfoodthathehadtoomuch.1.结果状语从句常用sothat/so…that…/such…that…引导目标四.结果状语从句&目的状语从句2.目的状语从句常用inorderthat,sothat,forfearthat,incase引导