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上一页下一页主菜单现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语短暂性动词与时间段的关系havebeen与havegone比较与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页have(has）+过去分词过去分词的变化：规则动词•(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。•work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited•(2)以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。•live---lived---lived•(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将y变为i，再加“ed”。•study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried•(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。•stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped重点1：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词•Work____________•Live____________•Stay____________•Stop____________•Clean____________•Study____________workedworkedlivedlivedstayedstayedstoppedstoppedcleanedcleanedstudiedstudied不规则动词•AAA型costcostcost；cutcutcut•AAB型beatbeatbeaten•ABA型①runranrun；•②comecamecome•③becomebecamebecome•ABB型buyboughtbought；buildbuiltbuilt•ABC型beginbeganbegun；•choosechosechosen过去分词的构成上一页下一页Typeoriginalp.tp.pcutcutcuthit(撞击)hithitcostcostcosthurthurthurtPut(放)putputreadreadreadAAA主菜单meetmetmetkeepkeptkeptmakemademadebringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthoughtteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldlendlentlentspendspentspentfindfoundfoundhearheardheardbuildbuiltbuiltABBbeginbeganbegunsingsangsungdrinkdrankdrunkswimswamswumspeakspokespokenchoosechosechosenknowknewknownforgetforgotforgottenbreakbrokebrokendrivedrovedrivengivegavegiveneatateeatenwritewrotewrittenABCseesawseengowentgonetaketooktakenrideroderiddenwakewokewakengrowgrewgrowndrawdrewdrawnhidehidhiddenABC(now)futurepast现在完成时(presentperfecttense)domyhomeworkMother:John,cleanyourteethplease.John:Mum,Ihavealready(已经)cleanedthem.现在完成时的基本句型：肯定式：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词.疑问式：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?否定式:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词.例句：6.Hashegonetothelibrary?他是去了图书馆吗？Yes,hehas.是的，是去那里了。No,hehasn’t.不，他没去那里。7.HowlonghasMrsSmithbeeninBeijing？Smith夫人来北京多长时间了？句型变换•Hehasleft.•否定句：He___________.•一般疑问句：_____he______?•回答：Yes,he_____.No,he____.hasn’tleftHaslefthashasn’t句型变换•Ihavereadthisbook.•否定句：I__________thisbook.•一般疑问句：______you_____thisbook?•回答：Yes,I_____.No,I______.haven’treadHavereadhavehaven’t现在完成时的主要用法上一页下一页--It’ssodark.--Someonehasturnedoffthelight.(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)--Areyoufree?--Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Iamfree(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)主菜单1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时的运用(1):1．在表示“用法1”时，现在完成时常和副词already,yet,never,ever,before,just等连用。.a）already往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet用于否定句和疑问句。•Hehasalreadylefthere.他已经离开这里了。•Hashealreadylefthere?他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）•Myteachershaven’thadbreakfastyet.我的老师们还没有吃早饭。•Haveyouwrittentoyourparentsyet?你已经给你父母写过信了吗？2.yet在现在完成时中的用法否定句:句末“还(没)”疑问句:句末“己经”Eg.Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?b）never是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever表示“曾经”•WehaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.我们从来没有去过长城。•HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗？c）just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与already，never等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词have/has和动词过去分词之间）•Hehasjustcomeback.他刚刚回来。•Theyhavejustfinishedthework.他们刚刚完成那项工作。just刚刚already已经before之前ever曾经never从来没有sofar到目前为止yet还（没有）[否定句]thesedays这些天inthepast…years/months在过去的…年/月里for时段since时点现在完成时的标志词1.I___Enghishinthisschoolsince1999.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.wouldteach2.Lilei___thepenforfiveyearsA.hashadB.boughtChavebought3.He___finishedhishomeworkyetA.doesn’tB.haven’tC.hasn’t4.—Peterlosthisbikeyesterday.—___he___ityet?A.Has;lookedforB.Does;findC.Has;found5.Whoishe?I____before.A.haven’theardofB.didn’thearofC.haven’theardfrom6.—HaveyoueverbeentoGuangzhou?—No,I’ve__beenthere.A.neverB.everC.already7.Wehaven'tfinishedourhomework___.A.alreadyB.everC.yet8.—Haveyou___learnedEnglish?—Yes,I've___learnedalot.A.already;everB.ever;neveC.ever;already9.I____himthesedays.A.haven’thearfromB.didn’thearofC.haven’theardfrom10.Ihave__5,000wordssofar.A.learntB.learnC.learning11.Theoldman______Chinaseveraltimesinthepast10years.A.hasbeentoB.wentoC.goesto上一页下一页IhavelearntEnglishformorethantenyears.我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)Shehasswumsincehalfanhourago.我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)现在完成时的主要用法主菜单2.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，sofar等时间状语连用。1.for+Eg.Ihavebeenherefor5weeks.He’sstudiedEnglishfor3years.一段时间2.since+从句(一般过去时)单词词组(表示过去某一时间的)时间点Eg.Ihavebeenheresince2000.Ihavebeenheresince5yearsago.IhavebeenheresinceIgraduatedin2000.since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:Takenotes选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.forsinceforsinceforsince下一页上一页主菜单for+时段since+时段+agosince+时点It’s/Ithasbeen+时段+since+一般过去时句子1.It’stenyearssinceshe.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.left2.Ihavebeenhere__4years.A.sinceB.forC.from3.WehavelearntEnglish__sixyearsago.A.sinceB.forC.from4.__hasbeen5yearssincewecamehere.A.ThereB.ItC.That5.It’sthreeyearssincehethearmy.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninC.joined6.Howmanyyearsisit___yougraduatedfromjuniorhighschool?A.sinceB.forC.from注2):对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用howlong,决不能用when.Eg.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Sh