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Learningkeywordsandexpressionsinunit5Book3ratherthan表示客观事实，意为“是…而不是…；与其…不如…”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。(1)连接两个名词或代词Heisanexplorerratherthanasailor.与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。1.ratherthanYouratherthanIaregoingtogocamping.是你而不是我要去要野营。(3)连接两个介词(短语)或动名词Sheenjoyssingingratherthandancing.她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。(2)连接两个形容词Thesweatersheboughtwasbeautifulratherthancheap.与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。注意：ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(4)连接两个分句Weshouldhelphimratherthanheshouldhelpus.是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。(5)连接两个不定式Idecidedtowriteratherthan(to)telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。注意：ratherthan后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to,如上句。但ratherthan位于句首时，则只能接不带to的不定式。如:Ratherthanallowthevegetablestogobad,hesoldthemathalfprice.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。2.chatvi＆n聊天；闲聊chataboutsth/sb闲谈、闲聊Theyarechattingabouttheweather.他们在谈论天气。Ijustcalledinforachat.我只是来聊聊天。Ihadalongchatwithher.我和她聊了很久。Treessurroundourhouse.我们房子的四周都是树。Thepolicesurroundedthehouse.警察包围了这幢房子。surround…with四周环绕有…sth/sbbesurroundedby/withsth被…所包围Theschoolissurroundedby/withtrees.学校周围绿树成荫。Surroundingadj.环绕的；周围的Surroundingsn.环境；周围的事物3.surroundvt.包围;围绕;圈住Wecouldseethebuildings____bytrees.A.beingsurroundedB.surroundedC.tobesurroundedD.surroundB■运用：用surround翻译下列句子。(1)这个城市被一条河流包围着。_________________________________________(2)快乐幸福围绕你。Joyandhappiness______________________.(3)部队已将该城包围。Troops_____________________.(4)我们生活在舒适的环境中。Wearelivinginpleasant____________.surroundingsThecityissurroundedbyariver.surroundyouhavesurroundedthetown4.measurevi＆vt测量；衡量；判定n计量单位；计量制；措施Theroommeasuresabout20feetwide.这个房间宽约20英尺。Imeasuredhisweight.我量了他的身高。takemeasurestodosth采取措施做某事Weshouldtakesomemeasurestosolvethesesdifficulties.我们应该采取些措施来解决这些难题。5.settledown(1)坐下;躺下Hesettleddowninhischairtoreadthenewspaper.(2)过安定的生活Afteryearsoftravelling,hedecidedtosettledownhere.(3)安下心来;专心致志于Thentheysettledthemselvesdowntowork.■运用：请用settle的适当形式填空或完成句子。(1)Wehopeforalast__________(settle)ofallthesetroubles.(2)Itissaidthatthefirst__________(settle)ofthiscountryareprisoners.(3)你最好安定下来并开始复习功课。___________________________andstudythelesson.(4)这一家人不久就在中国定居下来。Thefamilysoon____________________________settlementsettlersYouhadbettersettledownsettleddowninChina6.managetodosth.设法做成某事（succeedindoingsth.)trytodosth.设法去做某事(不一定成功)eg.howdidyoumanagetopersuadehim?你是怎样说服他的?Itrytopersuadehim.我尽量去说服他.7.catchsightofsb./sth.看见,瞥见Icaughtsightofheroutofthecornerofmyeye.我用眼一瞟,看见了她.Wecaughtsightofthehillsinthedistance.我们看到了远处的山峰.atfirstsight乍一看in/withinsight看得见,在视线内outofsight看不见,在视线外losesightof看不见....；忘记考虑...atthesightof看见…用sight得短语完成句子①Wemustn’t_____________（忘记，忽略）ourclosefriends.②Therewasnoone_____________看得见.③_____________乍一看，itmaylooklikeacloud.④Ihavebeenknowntofaint（一见到血）______________________⑤She看见———————acarinthedistance.losesightofin/withinsightAtfirstsightcaughtsightofatthesightofblood8.haveagiftforgiftn[c]禀赋,天生的才能giftedadjagifteddancerSheisgiftedin/atwriting.Hehas_________________(有音乐天赋).soweoftencallhima_______(才华横溢的)musician.她对学语言有天赋。有天赋,才能的在..方面有天赋agiftformusicgiftedhaveagiftforshehasagiftforlearninglanguages.within与in表达时间的区别:within指在时间范围之内，不超过；而in是经过若干时间，指期限之外。I’llbetherewithinanhour.（一小时之内）I’llbethereinanhour.（一小时之后）9.withinprep在---之内;不越过[考例]Don’tleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithin_____oflittlechildren.(湖北2004)A.handB.reachC.paceD.distance[点拨]本题考查固定短语。withinreachofsb.或withinone’sreach意为“在某人能够得着的范围之内”。B•within•介词within的一般含义是“在……范围内”，既可指空间限度，亦可指时间限度，强调“在……之内而不超出”之意•during•侧重表达时间方面，在这段时间，而不是在那段时间。during常和the连用。•duringthelesson•duringthesummer•duringhislifetime10.bordern.边界；国界v.与…接壤Theterroristsescapedacrosstheborder.恐怖分子越过边境逃走了.HowmanycountriesborderChina?有多少国家与中国接壤?thecountriesborderingtheBaltic波罗的海沿岸国家Ontheborderof接近、临近；即将Shesatquietlyontheborderofthelake.她静静地坐在湖畔。11.mixvt＆vi混合；调配Youcan`tmixoilwithwater.你不能把油和水混合起来。mixup使混淆；弄乱Ialwaysmixupthetwins.我总是把这对双胞胎弄混。mixturen.混合物；混合状态12.confirmvt.证实；证明；批准Theexpressiononherfaceconfirmedourfears.她脸上的表情证实了我们的担忧。Iamconfirmedinmyfaith.我的信仰很坚定。Haseveryoneconfirmed(that)they’recoming?[自我归纳]confirm意为__________后可接that从句；也可意为________________________。[拓展]confirmationn.证实、确认书、证明书confirmedadj.确定的、已被证实的批准(职位、协议等)、确认证实、确定13.inthedistance在远方，远方的他们看到远处有几所房子。Theysawafewhouses_____________.inthedistanceatthedistance隔开一些,在稍远一点keepone’sdistance保持距离Thepaintinglooksmorebeautiful________.Wesawlights______________.atthedistanceinthedistancedistantadj.adistantvillage14.nearbyadv.在附近adj.附近的；邻近的Thegirlyouwanttoseelivesnearby.你想见得那个姑娘就住在附近。Inanearbyvillage,wefoundtheoldman.在附近的一个村庄里，我们找到了这位老人。nearby即可做前置定语，又可做后置定语，而nearby只能做后置定语：anearbyhotel=ahotelnearby/nearby附近的一家旅馆15.traditionn传统；风俗Itisagoodtraditionthattheyounglookaftertheold.年轻人照顾老人是一个优良传统。bytradition按照传统风俗Bytradition,childrenpalytrickson1April.依传统，孩子们在4月1日搞恶作剧。traditionaladj传统的；习俗的16.impressvt使印象深刻；使铭记Hissincerityimpressedher.他的真诚打动了她。impresssbwithsth/sb给某人留下深刻印象Heimpressedherwithhissincerity.他的真诚打动了她。impresssth/itselfon/uponsth使铭记Herwordsimpressedthemselvesonmymemory.她的话语我铭记在心。impressiveadj感人的；给人印象深刻的17.broadadj.宽阔的◆搭配：熟记下列词组或句式搭配。broaddaylight光天化日broadfacts明显的事实broad-minded气量大