某企业生产流程的建模与改善Themodelingandimprovementofproductionprocessinanenterprise作者姓名:汪玉泽指导老师:蒋增强2010.06课题的提出•1本文研究的背景及意义•2本文的总体结构•3主要研究内容及方法•4论文总结1本文研究的背景及意义1.1本文研究的背景•(1)现代生产方式不仅对企业的生产能力而且对制造型企业的生产流程的规划提出了更高的要求。•(2)企业的生产流程是否合理直接影响着企业的生产率和生产周期。•(3)某企业中后桥主减产品的装配线的平衡分析及优化过程。1本文研究的背景及意义1.2本文研究的意义•(1)改善制造型企业中生产流程的脱节、库存量大、浪费严重等问题。•(2)用于企业生产装配线的规划及分析改进、工位的管理、研究与优化分析。•(3)追求企业装配线的不断平衡、降低自身生产成本、提高企业生产效率。2本文的总体结构第一章绪论提出问题及研究方法第二章Flexsim仿真软件的介绍重点介绍本文的主要研究工具第三章企业生产流程的建模介绍对企业生产流程分析的建模方法第四章企业生产流程的仿真与优化分析问题并提出优化方案第五章总结总结全文3主要研究内容及方法3.1某企业中后桥主减装配车间的现状•车间实行8小时工作制,480分钟,产量为120台/天。•生产节拍CT=4分钟。•在生产装配线上投放比例为后桥:中桥=2:1。其中在某段时间里中桥主减的需求量为100台,设为A产品,后桥主减的需求量为200台,设为B产品。3主要研究内容及方法3.2中后桥主减总成工艺分析•(1)分析中桥主减总成工艺,其优先关系图如下所示:123456789101118121419161315170.651.500.301.500.801.100.550.500.400.850.500.251.300.600.650.700.801.800.803主要研究内容及方法3.2中后桥主减总成工艺分析•(2)分析后桥主减总成工艺,其优先关系图如下所示:123456789101118121419161315170.501.250.250.950.621.100.550.200.300.850.300.251.20.400.650.500.801.500.503主要研究内容及方法3.2中后桥主减总成工艺分析•(3)分析中后桥主减综合总成工艺,其混合优先关系图如下所示:123456789101118121419161315170.651.500.301.500.801.100.550.500.400.850.500.251.300.600.650.700.801.800.80202122232425262728293037313338353234360.501.250.250.950.621.100.550.200.300.850.300.251.20.400.650.500.801.500.50394041424344454647484956505257545153550.501.250.250.950.621.100.550.200.300.850.300.251.20.400.650.500.801.500.500583主要研究内容及方法3.2中后桥主减总成工艺分析•(4)该生产装配线的工位分配如下表所示。工位分配表工位后桥1工序后桥2工序中桥工序工位时间(分)11,21,23.90231,2,332.5534,54,53.14464,53.40567,862.9567,897,82.1079,10,1110,1193.00812,1312,13103.759141411,12,132.8510151514,152.551116,1716,17163.301218,19183.50131917,18,193.903主要研究内容及方法3.3建立仿真模型•利用Flexsim仿真软件的平台,并根据中后桥主减产品的混合工艺优先关系图,按照中后桥主减产品的生产工序建立该装配线的仿真模型。•依照Flexsim仿真软件的建模步骤建立的汽车中后桥主减生产流程的系统模型如下图所示。中后桥主减装配线仿真模型图3主要研究内容及方法3.4仿真结果分析•(1)用Flexsim仿真软件建立了中后桥主减装配线的仿真模型•(2)完成了各实体的参数设置•(3)然后编译并运行仿真该模型。•(4)利用Flexsim软件输出该仿真模型的仿真结果报告,其中状态报告表如下表所示。输出状态报告表FlexsimStateReportTime:480ObjectClassidleprocessingbusyblockedgeneratingemptycollectingreleasingSource1Source0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue2Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Processor3Processor2.50%97.50%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor4Processor36.76%63.24%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor5Processor22.49%77.51%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor6Processor16.62%83.38%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor7Processor28.09%71.91%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor8Processor49.24%50.76%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue9Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Processor10Processor27.72%72.28%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor11Processor10.32%89.68%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor12Processor32.31%67.69%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor13Processor39.89%60.11%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue14Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Processor15Processor22.62%77.38%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor16Processor18.54%81.46%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor17Processor10.00%90.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue18Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Sink19Sink0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%3主要研究内容及方法•根据上表分析可知各工位处理器的利用率,其中,一工位的处理时间占工位总时间的比值为97.5%达到处理时间利用率的最高值,六工位的处理时间Processing只占总时间的50.76%达到了处理时间利用率的最低值,其它工位的处理时间占总时间的比率分布在60%一90%之间。•从空闲率的角度考虑,在整条装配生产线上,一工位的空闲率最低是2.5%,而六工位的空闲率最高达到了49.24%,其它工位的空闲率也在30%左右,由此看出该装配线各工位的负荷很不平衡,该中后桥主减产品的装配线的各工位中的工序安排不合理,生产流程安排的非常不平衡。3主要研究内容及方法3.5装配线生产流程的优化•根据以上的分析,需要对中后桥主减产品的混合装配线的生产流程进行优化处理。•启发式装配生产线优化方法是根据工序组成及优先顺序图,以节拍为基准,计算探索求解的方法,它所得到的结果是趋于优化的合理解,下表是根据启发式方法优化后的工位分配表。优化后的工位分配表工位后桥1工序后桥2工序中桥工序工位时间(分)11,21,23.9023,4,6163.9032,63,7,83.7043,44,5,93.9055,7,8,95,7,8,93.34610,11,12,13,143.5071010,11,1215,163.60811,12,1313173.75914,1518,193.65101416,17,18,193.701115,16,17,18,193.953主要研究内容及方法3.6生产流程优化后建立仿真模型•(1)对中后桥主减产品的生产线流程优化后,重新建立一个生产流程的仿真模型。•(2)根据优化后的工位分配表对各工位的时间重新设置各处理器的参数。•(3)重新设置各工位处理器的参数后,编译运行仿真模型。其中得到的生产流程优化后的仿真模型图如下所示。•(4)运行该仿真模型,Flexsim会输出生产流程优化后的状态报告表如下所示。生产流程优化后的工作过程图生产流程优化后的输出状态报告表FlexsimStateReportTime:480ObjectClassidleprocessingbusyblockedemptycollectingreleasingSource1Source0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue2Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Processor3Processor2.50%97.50%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor4Processor3.29%96.71%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue5Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Processor6Processor9.00%91.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor7Processor4.83%95.17%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor8Processor19.16%80.84%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor9Processor15.88%84.12%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor10Processor14.13%85.87%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor11Processor11.27%88.73%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue12Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Processor13Processor14.33%85.67%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor14Processor13.86%86.14%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Processor15Processor8.84%91.16%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Queue16Queue0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%0.00%Sink17Sink0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%100.00%0.00%3主要研究内容及方法3.7生产流程优化后的仿真结果分析•(1)装配生产线经过优化后,工位数由原来的13个减少到现在的11个。•(2)根据上表取任一工位加以分析,如六工位