中国传统服饰(英文)

ChineseTraditionalCostumeChineseTraditionalCostumeHanDynastySuiandTangdynastiesSongandYuandynastiesMingandQingDynastiestheRepublicofChinaModernsocietyHanfuHanfuisknownasHanzhuang,isthetraditionaldressoftheHanChinesepeople.ThetermHanfuderivesfromtheBookofHan,whichsays,''thenmanycametothecourttopayhomageandweredelightedattheclothingstyleoftheHan.''(后数来朝贺，乐汉衣服制度)Yi(衣)：Anyopencross-collargarment,andwornbybothsexes.Pao(袍)：Anyclosedfull-bodygarment,wornonlybymen.Ru(襦)：Opencross-collarshirt.Shan(衫):Opencross-collarshirtorjacketthatiswornovertheyi.Qun(裙)orchang(裳)：Skirtforwomenandmen.Ku(裤)：Trousersorpants.ThestructureInformaldressTypesincludetops(yi)andbottoms(dividedfurtherintopantsandskirtsforbothgenders),andone-piecerobesthatwraparoundthebodyonceorseveraltimes)Semi-formaldresschang(裳):apleatedskirtbixi(蔽膝)：longfrontclothpanelattachedfromthewaistbelt.zhaoshan(罩衫)：longopenfrontedcoatFormaldressXuanduan(玄端)：averyformaldarkrobe,equivalenttotheWesternwhitetieShenyi(深衣)：alongfull-bodygarmentCurving-frontrobe(曲裾):diagonalbodywrappingPanlingpao(盤领袍):closed,round-collaredrobe;mostlyusedforofficialdressCostumeinTangDynastyThebriefintroductionofcostumeinTangDynastyThefeaturesofcostumeinTangDynastyHowdoescostumeinTangDynastycomeintobeing?ContentsTangDynastyFromtheSuitotheTang,theancientChineseclothingdevelopedtoitspeak.Thepoliticalstability,economicdevelopment,manufacturingandtextiletechnology,andthefrequentforeignrelationscontributedtothedevelopmentofclothing.Theclothinginthisperiodhadformedthemostfantasticchapterintheclothinghistory.FeaturesThegeneralfeaturesofwomen'scostumeinTangdynasty:•topless(上空装，袒胸装）•exposedarm•obliquecollar•largesleeves•longskirtdressAllofthesemakeitdeservethemosttypicalopenclothingstyle.Theclothingmaterialsareexquisite,thestructureisnatural,gracefulandelegant,andadornmentsaresplendid.FeaturesThisisthepicture《BeautiesWearingFlowers》showingaladystrollinginthecourt.Theladywaswearingaleno-madeuppergarment,high-waistskirtandwithoutunderdress.Thisiscalled“topless”TheTangwomendressedinsetsofgarments,andeachsetauniqueinitself.FeaturesIngeneral,theTangwomen'sdressescanbeclassifiedintothreecategories:Thetraditionalruqun(襦裙)ordoublelayeredorpaddedshortjacketthatistypicalofcentralChina.FeaturesThehufu,oraliendressthatcamefromtheSilkRoadCross-Dressing(namely,girlsdressedasboys),thefullsetofmalegarmentsthatbrokethetraditionoftheConfucianformalitiesFeaturesHowdoescostumeinTangDynastycomeintobeing?Frist,inChinesehistory,theTangDynastywasaperiodofunityandprosperitywhenthepolityandeconomywerehighlydeveloped.MaterialisticabundanceandarelativelyrelaxedsocialatmospheregavetheTangDynastyanunprecedentedopportunitytodevelopculturally,reachingitsheightinpoetry,painting,musicanddance.Second,basedontheprogressmadeinsilkreelinganddyeingtechniques,thevarietyqualityandquantityoftexitlematerialsreachedanunprecedentedheight.HowdoescostumeinTangDynastycomeintobeing?HowdoescostumeinTangDynastycomeintobeing?Third,theTanggovementwastolerant,andoftenappreciativeofreligions,artandculturefromtheoutsideworld.ThoughtheformsofgarmentswerestillthecontinuationoftheHanDynastyandSuiDynasty,theyhavedistinctivestylesbyitselfbeinginfluencedbyculturesandartsoftheWesternRegions.Thankyouforyourlistening!SongDynastyCostumeofSongDynasty(960-1279)wassimpleandnatural,reflectingthedevelopmenttendencyoftheera.ThestyleofcostumeinSongDynastytendedtobeconservative,impressingpeoplewithsimple,pureandelegantfeelings.Themaincharacteristicsofwomen’sclothingarenarrow,long,thin.唐代文化是一种开放的类型，但宋代文化则是一种相对收敛的类型，两者有很大的差异，宋代在政治上虽然开放民主，但由于“程朱理学”的思想禁锢，和对外政策的妥协退让，服饰文化不再艳丽奢华，而是简洁质朴。宋代强调“存天理，灭人欲”的观念，使人的个体对立性全部仰制了，对妇女的约束也推到了极点，所以宋代女装拘谨、保守，色彩淡雅恬静，宋代不论权贵的皇亲国戚，还是一般的百姓，都爱穿着直领,对襟的褙子，因为既舒适得体，又显得典雅大方。SongDynastyTheclothingstyleofSongDynastyischaracterizedbyitselegance.Menusuallyworegownswithroundcollars,whilewomenworeshortjacketsorcoatswithmatchingshortrobesorChinese-stylejacketswithbuttonsdownthefront.Thiselegantstylewasinfluencedbythedressofthenorthernminoritypeoples.Gauzepants.SouthernSongdynasty.Chayuanshan,Fuzhou,Fujianprovince.Thispairofpantsismadefromextremelythingauzedecoratedwithpreciousobjects(goldingots,swastikas,coral,rhinocerotichorns,dharmawheels),lozengesandflowers,allarrangedinanelegantandorderlymanner.PantsinthisstylewerepopularintheSongdynastyandusuallywornunderalongskirt.SongDynastyIthasalreadybeganfoot-bindingintheSongdynastywhensancunjinlianhascameintobeing.三寸金莲YuanDynastyTheYuanDynasty(1279-1368)wastheamalgamationageofethnicgroupsinChina’shistory,andthedressesandpersonaladornmentsofthistimealsofullyrepresentedthisfeature.ThecostumesofYuanDynastyhasnofixedstyle,themainstyleisrobe.Thereislittledifferenceinrobebetweenmenandwomen.However,duetotheCharacteristicofnation,thegarmentsinYuanDynastyaredividedintoMongolianstyleandHanstyle.YuanDynasty蒙古族女子，时兴戴一种很有特色的“罟罟冠”，高约70－100厘米，其顶端扩大成平顶帽形；外面以红绢、金锦或毛毡包裱。YuanDynastyZhisunfu:质孙服上衣下裳，上紧下短，并在腰间加襞(bì）积，肩背挂大珠Zhisunfuwasjustformulatedin1321duringthereignofYuanEmperorYingzongbyreferringtoanci