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“情态动词+havedone”的用法毓思泽。2010、1、18一、“must+have+done”•表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。•1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。二、“can't+have+done”•表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。•1.Mr.Smithcan‘thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。•2.Marycan'thavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。三、“cansbhave+done…?”•表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。•1.Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？•2.Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？四、“could+have+done”•是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。••Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。五、“may+have+done”•表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。•—WhathashappenedtoGeorge?•—Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.•—乔治发生了什么事？•——我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、“might+have+done”•表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。••1.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.(MET90)他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。•2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。七、“would+have+done”•虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。•1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy'sstory,butyoudidn'taskme.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。•2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。八、“should+have+done”•意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”“shouldn‘t+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。••1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。•2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'thavebeensoharshonhim.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。九、“oughtto+have+done”•表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。•Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。十、“need+have+done”•表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn‘t+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。•Ineedn‘thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。•Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,hewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。高考题•1.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I________thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.•A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetaken•C.needn'thavetakenD.mustn'thavetaken2.We________haveprovedgreatadventurers,butwehavedonethegreatestmarchevermadeinthepasttenyears.•A.needn'tB.maynot•C.shouldn'tD.mustn't3.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you________comethismorning.•A.mayn'tB.can't•C.mustn'tD.needn'tVVV•4I_______havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.•A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t•5Markhavehurried.Afterdrivingattopspeed,hearrivedhalfanhourearly.•A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t•6—Itakethebookout?•—I'mafraidnot.•A.WillB.MayC.MustD.NeedVVV•7—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.•—Don’tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.•A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may•8MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?•No,you.Youreaditinhere.A.mightn’tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t•9--Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididn'tfinishtheassignmentyesterday.•---Oh,youhavedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.•A.mustB.mustn'tC.shouldD.shouldn'tVVV•10It_____havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.•A.mayB.canC.mustD.should•11—Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?•—She_____intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.•A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeen•C.mustbeD.mighthavebeen•12Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthatheitdifferently.•A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressedVVV•13Shehaveleftschool，forherbikeisstillhere.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t14Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience，hebetter.•A.needhavedoneB.musthavedone•C.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone•15—Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.•—Youhavelostitwhileshopping.•A.mayB.canC.shouldD.wouldVVV•16There’snolighton—theybeathome.•A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t•17—What’sthename?•—Khulaifi.Ispellthatforyou?A.ShallB.WouldC.CanD.Might•18—CouldIhaveawordwithyou，mum?—Ohdear，ifyou.•A.canB.mustC.mayD.shouldVV•19MyMP4playerisn’tinmybag.WhereIhaveputit?•A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would•20--thenewhousemaidcooksomesupperforyou,Tom?•---No,tellherI’lleatoutsidetonight.A.ShallB.WouldC.WillD．Could•21WhenIlivedwithmyroommatesintheuniversity,weoftentalkintothenight•A．mightB．couldC．shouldD．wouldVVV