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语法专题复习（六）一、考纲要求1.掌握动词词义的辨析。2.掌握动词的搭配，尤其是高频动词的用法和搭配。3.掌握及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法。4.熟记高频动词构成的短语的用法。（如：break,bring,call,come,cut,carry,catch,fall,give,go,get,hold,keep,look,make,put,pick,pull,set,show,take,turn)二、动词的分类按照用法分：1.___________________：有及物和不及物之分。及物动词带宾语，不及物动词不带宾语。2._________:帮助句子构成否定、疑问等句型，不能单独作谓语。如：do,does,did,have,has,had等。4._________：常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等，没有进行时和被动语态。3._________如：can/may/could/might实意动词/行为动词助动词情态动词系动词感官类似乎证明类：持续类：变化类：feel,sound,look,taste,smell,keep,stay,remain,lie,stand，continuebecome,go,grow,get,turn;come,fall,run系动词：按照意义分延续性动词：非延续性动词：可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，如:fortwodays.这些瞬间动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。seem,appear，provebe1.Itwasalreadypastmidnightandonlythreeyoungmen____intheteahouse.A.leftB.remainedC.delayedD.desertedB〖解析〗remain作不及物动词，意为“逗留；留下”，没有被动语态。2.Pleaseremain____untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated〖解析〗remain在此用作连系动词,意为“保持某种状态”,后可跟名词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词,不定式的被动式作表语.“seated”作表语。D三、考点分布考点一：系动词的特殊用法3.Emergencylineoperatorsmustalways____calmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformationtheyneedtosendhelp.A.growB.appearC.becomeD.stayD解析〗staycalm“保持镇静”,stay用作系动词,意为“保持(某种状态)”。A、C两项是表示动态变化的动词,不符合句意；appear意为“看上去”,也不符合句意；。4.Someonewholacksstayingpowerandperseveranceisunlikelyto____agoodresearcher.A.makeB.turnC.getD.growA〖解析〗make表示“使成为”,为及物动词；turn为系动词，表示“变成,变为”，后面跟名词时，一般没有冠词。考点二：使役动词的用法英语中常见的使役动词有：have,make,let,gethave/let/makesb.______sth.getsb.______sth.“让某人做什么”dotodo“使……被做”have/make/getsth.______done在被动句中：Somestudentsweremade________(stay)intheclassroomafterschool.tostay动词不定式”to”不能省略。让某人一直做某事havesb.________doingsth.5.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish____inashortperiod.A.improvedB.improvingC.toimproveD.improveA6.Simonmadeabigbamboobox____thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeepD解析:“tokeepthelittlesickbird”为动词不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词vi./vt.放lay躺lie说谎lielaidlaidlayingvt.laylainlyingvi.liedliedlyingvi.a.词形相近的动词辨析：lay,lie;rise,raise,arise,rouse;require,request,,acquire等考点三：易混动词的辨析7.Thestoryofthehomelessorphanhas____sympathyfromthepublic.A.arousedB.risenC.raisedD.arisenAarouse：vt.引起，激起；激发；唤醒arise:vi.发生，产生；出现，引起；起床，起立8.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey____veryeasilytonewenvironments.A.adaptB.appealC.attachD.applyA〖解析〗根据句意,“关于孩子们美好的事情就是孩子们能很容易适应新的环境”。adaptto“适应”;appealto“有吸引力,有感染力；呼吁；求助于；上诉”等;attachto“粘上,附上”;applyto“应用于,适应于”。b.词义相近的动词辨析，如：win,beat,defeat;speak,tell,say,talk;cost,spend,take,pay等。9.—WhatshouldIdofirst?—Theinstructions____thatyoushouldmixflourwithwatercarefullyfirst.A.goB.tellC.writeD.sayD解析〗句意为“我应该先做什么？”“说明书上说你应该首先把水和面粉仔细地搅拌好.“表示“……东西上说或写着……时”要用say或read,如：Theboardsays/reads,“Keepoffthegrass.”牌子上写着：“勿踏草地。”10.Hershoes____herdress;theylookverywelltogether.A.suitB.fitC.compareD.match〖解析〗suit指时间、口味、颜色等合适；fit指大小、尺寸合适；compare比较,对照；match指颜色、款式等的搭配。D11.–Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.--Ican’tagreemore.It’sgreattohavethetwo____.A.linkedB.relatedC.connectedD.combinedD〖解析〗A.;联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来；B.与…有某种联系;C.连接,连结；;D.使联合,使结合；语法专题复习（六）Canyoutellthedifferences?1.adapt/adjust/adopt2.arouse/arise/rise/raise3.acquire/require/request4.expose/export/explode/explore5.sit/seatlose/miss6.see/look/watch/noticestare/glance/glare7.win/beat/defeathaveon/wear/dress8.cost/spend/take/pay9.speak/say/talk/tell10.take/bring/fetch/carryBrainstorm考点四：常用动词的搭配掌握常用动词与名词的搭配，动词与介词、副词的搭配以及与动词不定式、动名词的搭配。12.Whatareyoudoingoutofbed,Tom?You're____tobeasleep.A.supposedB.knownC.thoughtD.consideredA【解析】besupposedtodosth.“应该做什么”13.Parents____muchimportancetoeducation.Theywilldotheirbesttogivetheirchildrenthatpricelessgift.AattachBpayClinkDapplyA【解析】attachimportanceto“重视”14.Whydon’tyoujust____yourownbusinessandleavemealone?A.makeB.openC.considerD.mindD【解析】mindyourownbusiness“想自己的事；少管闲事”考点五：高频动词构成的短语辨析1.多练，多积累。2.多比较，多联想。3.根据所搭配的介词或副词本身的含义，大胆猜测。4.注意及物动词短语和不及物动词短语的区别。Tips•Pg:37-3815.Someinsects____thecoloroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.A.takeinB.takeoffC.takeonD.takeout【解析】takeon“呈现，显现”；takein“吸收；欺骗”；takeoff“脱掉；起飞；成名”；takeout“拿出，取出”。C16.Hedecidedthathewoulddriveallthewayhomeinsteadof___atahotelforthenight.A.puttingdownB.puttingoffC.puttingonD.puttingupD【解析】putdown放下，平定,镇压，记下；putoff推迟；puton穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；putup举起，建立，张贴，投宿。16.Wouldyoumindrepeatingthat?Ididn'tquite____.A.catchonB．makeupC．findoutD．takeoverA【解析】catchon“理解；明白”；句意：你介意再重复一遍吗？我不太明白。makeup“组成；编造”；findout“找出；查明”；takeover“接管”。17.Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjust______sweetdreams.A.keepupwithB.putupwithC.endupwithD.catchupwith〖解析〗keepupwith保持,putupwith忍受,endupwith以为结束catchupwith赶上。C18.Itisrequiredthatalltrafficparticipantsshould____thetrafficrulestomaketrafficsaferandfaster.A.performB.observeC.supportD.possessB【解析】observe“遵守（规则、法则）；庆祝，欢度；说话，评论；注意到，观察19.JustasProfessorScottioften____it,successisninety-ninepercentmentalattitude.A.getsB.makesC.putsD.meansC〖解析〗正像ProfessorScotti提出的,成功是来自99%的汗水。put“表达，表述”。考查的难点1.易混的基础动词及其词组。2.与汉语习惯有出入的动词用法。如：marrysb.“和某人结婚”；servethepeople“为人民服务”；3.部分基础动词及其词组的较高级用法。留心对“一词多义、旧词新意”的考查。Pg.(36—37)