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GrammarGrammarTheAttributiveClauseMoYanisaChinesewhowontheNobelPrizeinLiterature.莫言TheNobelPrizeinLiteratureLongZhongistheplacewhereZhuGeliangoncelived.诸葛亮oncelivedinLongZhong,XiangYangAttributiveclause(限制性定语从句)先行词和关系词定语从句关系代词如何引导定语从句关系代词的使用方法关系副词如何引导定语从句关系副词的使用方法小结及习题定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例）例：ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasadrunk.定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasadrunk.先行词和关系词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。先行词、关系词/引导词{对等}代替Thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme.先行词＝关系词bike关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句；2.指代先行词（代入法）；3.在定语从句中充当某种成分。关系代词如何引导定语从句Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词：（如上例who/that）1.除了代替先行词(sister)外，2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分(主语)，3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中作用关系代词that人/物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人/物定语(whose+n.)Theuseoftherelativepronoun(关系代词)口诀:前看先行词,辩清人或物后看从句里,有无主宾语Howtochoosetherelativepronoun?Agreatpersonissomeone_____devoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.?whoFillintheblankswiththerelatives:1.Inthebeginning,people____boughtthemgotangry.2.Theyneedaplant_______doesn’tneedasmuchwaterasrice.3.Itisausefulplant____canbepreparedinmanydifferentways.4.Wealllikethestudent_____handwritingisverygood.5.Theswimmer____youaretalkingaboutisoverthere.whowhichthatwhosewhom6.Thehandsomeman____teachesusGeographyisMr.Fang.7.He/Sheisthestudent____________drawingisthebestinourclass.8.Thegrammar_______________wearetalkingaboutisTheAttributiveClause.whowhosethat/whichonce•Don’tforgetthethings(that)youonceowned.•Treasurethethings(that)youcan’tget.•Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyou•andkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。1.when表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如:time,day,hour,year等）。2.where表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如：place,room,house等)。3.why表示原因，常用在先行词reason后。关系副词如何引导定语从句-----when,where,why个No.8MiddleSchoolistheplace______westudy.where根据关系词的三个作用，把theplace代入定语从句中，应该是westudyattheschool,所以关系词在定语从句中作的是状语，则用关系副词。关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/duringwhich)where(=in/atwhich)why(=forwhich)时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语关系副词引导的定语从句常可换成由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句(介词的选择往往看其与先行词的搭配)。1.Iwillneverforgettheday___________wewereinthecountry.2.Thisisthepark_____________youtookphotoslastSunday.3.Thatwasthereason___________hewaslateforschool.when/onwhichwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhich是否先行词是表示时间，地点或原因的名词，就一定用when,where或why引导呢？Thinkouttherulesabouthowtochoosethecorrectrelativeandtrytofinishthefollowingexercises.•Istillrememberthedays________wespentinthecountry.•Istillrememberthedays________________westudiedtogether.•Thefactory__________wevisitedisfaraway.•Thefactory______________thiskindofcarsaremadeisverymodern.•Idon’tknowthereason_____________heisangrywithme.•Thereason___________hegaveforhisbeingabsentisn’tacceptable.which/thatwhen/duringwhichwhich/thatwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhichthat/whichsummary1.看关系词（先行词）在从句中充当的成分主语，宾语———关系代词状语——————关系副词2.先行词前是否要介词要——————关系副词不要—————关系代词关系词的选择：1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed3.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when4.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse____roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that5.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.which;whenB.when;whichC.what;thatD.onwhich;whenExercise1.Thehistorybook_____________________(封皮是黄的）waslost.(cover)2.Ihavelostthepen___________________________（我父亲给我买的）.(buy)3.Idon’tlikethepeople______________________________(说得多可做得少的）.(talk)4.October1st,1949wastheday_________________(新中国成立).(found)5.Thisisthereason_____________________(他看起来不高兴).(look)whosecoverisyellow(which/that)myfatherboughtmewhotalktoomuchbutdolittlewhen/onwhichnewChinawasfoundedwhyhelooksunhappyHavefun•HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.•Notallthatglittersisgold.•It’sthefirststepthatcosts.•Hewhowouldclimbthatladdermustbeginatthebottom.不到长城非好汉闪光的未必都是金子万事开头难千里之行，始于足下HomeworkThankyouforlistening