非限定动词非谓语动词

Non-verbal主讲教师：熊锟分类及特点一、分类：1、动词不定式（to）do2、分词doing/done3、动名词doing二、特点：1、不能单独作谓语2、没有人称和数的变化主讲教师：熊锟一、不定式：todo/do有n.adj.adv.和v.特征。可作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。主语：1.Totalkwithhimisagreatpleasure.2.It’sapleasuretotalkwithhim.表语:Ourplanistofinishtheworkintwoweeks.宾语:Wedecidedtomakechangesinourplan.主讲教师：熊锟复合宾语：asksb.todosth.(orderpersuadeadviselikewanttellknowhelp)定语：Heisalwaysthefirstonetogetup.状语：Heisstudyingtopreparefortheexam.不带to的不定式一听（hear,listento）二看（see,watch）三让（make,let）四感觉（feel）半帮助（help）和有（have）：Ihavesomethingtellyou.主讲教师：熊锟注意：被动语态不能省to1）Hemademesufferagreatdeal.2）Hewasseentoentertheroom.不定式的否定nottodoShewarnedthepupilsnottoskateonthethinice.疑问词+不定式1、主动Towrite/tobewriting/tohavewritten2、被动tobewritten/tohavebeenwritten1）Sheseemstohavereadthebookbefore.2）Heseemstoberecovering.主讲教师：熊锟二、动名词：doing有n和v的特征。可以作主语、表语、宾语（动词/介词）和定语。主语：Seeingisbelieving.表语：Herjobiswashingclothes.宾语：1.Pleasestoptalking.2.Ourfactorysucceededinmakingmanynewproducts.定语：MissLiusesaverygoodteachingmethod.主讲教师：熊锟否定：notdoingTryingwithoutsuccessisbetterthannottryingatall.复合结构：1.Wouldyoumindhissmokinghere?2.Pleaseexcusemyinterruptingyou.时态结构：Writing/havingwritten被动：Beingwriting/havingbeenwrittenI’mregrettinghavingbeenunabletowritetoyouearlier.Beingcriticizedhelpedhimseethingmoreclearly.主讲教师：熊锟动名词与不定式的区别：1、除具备动词性质外，动名词只具有名词性质，而不定式还具有adj.和adv.性质，动名词不能做状语。2、定语：动名词具有名词性质，前置修饰语不定式具有adj.性质，后置……3、作主语、宾语的区别：动名词：概念性动作，较笼统，抽象。不定式：多表示具体、一次性行为。1）Ilikedancing.2）Idon’tliketodancetonight.主讲教师：熊锟4、有些动词后，forget,remember,goon不定式：后于谓语动词发生的动作。动名词：先于……。1）Ididn’tremembertophonethemlastnight.忘了…打电话.2）Irememberwritingdownthephonenum.记得记下……主讲教师：熊锟另：有些动词，stop,remember,forget后接动名词和不定式，意义有所不同：1.Stoptalking.2.Theworkersstoppedtohavearestatnoon.3.Irememberseeinghim.4.Youmustremembertoposttheletter.主讲教师：熊锟三、分词：1、现在分词doing2、过去分词done具有v.和adj.的特征，可有宾语（doing）或状语。现在分词（doing）与过去分词（done）的区别：1）语态：doing表示主动，done被动。Anexcitingstory；excitedpeople2）时间上：doing正在进行，done已经完成。Boilingwater；boiledwater主讲教师：熊锟用法：1、定语：放所修饰词之前。Iamreadingaveryinterestingbook.2、表语：Thecupsarebroken.3、状语：Openingthedrawer,hetookoutabook.4、否定：notdoing/doneNotknowingwhattodo,shewenttotheteacherforhelp.*Havesth.doneYou’dbetterhaveyourclotheswashed.主讲教师：熊锟分词作复合宾语：1、看：see，watch2、听：hear，listento3、让：keep,get,have,set4、发现：find1）Wesawthemwalkingacrosstheroad.2）Ifoundmytownalmostcompletelyrebuilt.3）Ihadmywatchmendedintown.主讲教师：熊锟现在分词与动名词的区别：1、作主语补语时，动名词相当n.，现在分词相当adj.1）Hisjobismovinggarbage.(垃圾)2）Hisstoryismoving.(现在分词)2、动名词不能作状语。Hetorehisclothesbyclimbingtrees.(弄破)主讲教师：熊锟现在分词与不定式的区别：1、现在分词不能作主语或宾语。2、一些感官动词后，do：表示动作全过程，doing：正在进行。1）Iheardhersingasong.(唱了)2）……singingasong(在唱)