搜索
人教课标高一必修2Unit1CulturalrelicsUnit1Periods6品味一“翻”⒈Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.(Shehasmorethantwobrothers.)她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。⒉Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.(Shehasonlytwobrothers.)她有两个弟弟,他们在这个城市工作。下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。⒊Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。⒋Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句TheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause一、限制性定语从句若定语从句对先行词起限制作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确，这种定语从句就称为限制性定语从句。这类从句与主句间的关系十分密切，之间不能用逗号隔开，且不能省略，否则句子的意义就不完整。如：DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishathighschool？Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Thiswasatimewhenthetwocountrieswereatwar.定语从句(Ⅲ)二、非限制性定语从句若定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词作补充说明，且从句用逗号与主句隔开，即使去掉从句也不影响主句意思，这种定语从句就称为非限制性定语从句。如：MrLi,whocametoseemeyesterday,isanoldfriendofmyfather’s.ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKonigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.SheisgoingtoliveinMacao,whereshehassomeclosefriends.三、常用非限制性定语从句的情况1.当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词、指示代词修饰时，其后常用非限制性定语从句修饰。如：CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.2.当将整个主句作为先行词对其进行修饰时要用非限制性定语从句，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。如：HeseemednottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetme.3.关系代词as表示“正如”时，用于引导非限制性定语从句，但应注意以下两点：⑴as引导的非限制性定语从句位于句末时，一般可以和which互换。如：Sheisextremelypopularamongthestudents,as/whichiscommonknowledge.⑵as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句的前面、中间或后面，而which引导的定语从句不能放在句首。如：Asyouwillfindout,allissettled.Taiwanis,asyouknow,aninseparablepartofChina.类别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开从句与其先行词之间用逗号隔开意义去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整去掉从句，剩余部分意义仍然完整翻译先翻译从句，后翻译先行词先翻译先行词，后翻译从句，形成两个并列分句先行词名词或代词名词或代词，也可以是整个句子引导词所有的关系词that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句四、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别一览表开心一笑FillintheblankswithproperlinkwordsThedoctorlivesdownstairs“Doctor,”shesaidloudly,breakingintotheroom,_______therewasaman,“Iwantyoutotellwhatiswrongwithme.”Helookedatherfromheadtofoot,thensaid,“____isshowninthemirror,I’vejustthreethingstotellyou.First,Isuggestyou,mylady,________weightneedsreducingbynearlyfiftypounds.Second,youmayuseone-tenthasmuchlipstick(口红),by______youwillbeprettier.Andthird,I’manartist—thedoctor,______youarelookingfor,livesdownstairs.”whereAswhichwhomwhose练一练1.Shewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,___madetheothersunhappy.A.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown___hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where3.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat___isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.that5.Theoldmanhastwosons,___isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers___hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhich7.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame___itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,___manypeoplehavegonehome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.atwhichD.bywhich9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which10.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it11.Mr.Wangisaboss,___factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich12.Idon’tliketheway___youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.AllA,B,andC13.Ishallneverforgettheyears___Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,___hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who14.___isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30years’time.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.It15.Isthisbook___youwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD./16.Suchabook___youshowedmeisdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.whichC.asD.like17.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A./B.thatC.whichD.who18.Thisisthestore___wevisitedthefamousshopassistants.A.whereB.thereC.thatD.which19.I’mgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing,___myoldparentslive.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there20.Ifashophaschairs___womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereCanyoutranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese?⒈Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for-nothing.不懂装懂,一事无成。⒉Hethatmakeshimselfasheepwillbeeatenbythewolf.甘当小绵羊,迟早要喂狼。⒊HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。⒋Hewhowouldclimbthatladdermustbeginatthebottom.千里之行,始于足下。⒌Hewhoisfullofhimselfisveryempty.自满的人腹中空。⒍Notallthatglittersisgold.闪光的未必都是金子。⒎It’sthefirststepthatcosts.万事开头难。议论文（argumentation）是用来论述某个道理、阐述某种观点的一种文体。它通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非来表达作者的见解和主张。这种文章或从正面提出某种见解、主张，或是驳斥别人的错误观点。议论文应该观点明确、论据充分、语言精炼、论证合理、逻辑严密。论点、论据和论证是议论文的三要素。议论文常用的写作方法有：归纳法、推理法、对照法、驳论法、例证法、引证法等等。⒈论点要鲜明，通常在第一段中提出。论据要充分，论证要有条理、清晰，可以通过展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历等，以事实服人，不能只说空话。⒉文章安排逻辑性要强，推理要严密。⒊态度要诚恳、友好。重在说理，以理服人。⒋主要使用现在时态，被动语态和虚拟语气也常用。⒌中学英语中的议论文，是一种限定性写作，其论点、论据和论证都比较明确，有的文章提出问题，如：…为什么？／…怎么办？／…该采取什么措施？⒍考生可以结合题目要求阐述相关的观点，切忌随意发挥。A.对比观点题型要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。开头：提出问题Should…?Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.…WeheldaheateddiscussionattheclassmeetingthisMonday.Thestudentshaddifferentopinionsontheproblem