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DesignofASustainableProjectfor2008OlympicGamesDesignofASustainableProjectfor2008OlympicGames--TheNationalSwimmingCentre(WaterCube),ChinaTheNationalSwimmingCentre(WaterCube),ChinaPresentedbyHongwei(William)MaoHongwei(William)MaoP.eng,ChiefEngineer,ASHRAEMemberP.eng,ChiefEngineer,ASHRAEMemberChinaStateConstructionInternationalDesignConsultantCo.,Ltd.ChinaStateConstructionInternationalDesignConsultantCo.,Ltd.2008.042008.042008.042008.04Section1ProjectIntroductionSection2ThermalDesignStrategyandNewTechnologiesSection3HVACDesign内容内容内容内容ContentsSection3HVACDesignSection4BuildingPerformanceSimulationandConclusionSection1：：：：DesignIntroduction第一部分第一部分第一部分第一部分：：：：建筑方案介绍建筑方案介绍建筑方案介绍建筑方案介绍DesignTeam•设计联合体设计联合体设计联合体设计联合体•CSCECNationalSwimmingCenterDesignConsortium–ChinaStateConstructionEngineeringCorporation(CSCEC)–ChinaStateConstructionDesignInternationalConsultantCo.,Ltd.（（（（CCDI)Ltd.（（（（CCDI)–PTWArchitects,Sydney,Australia–OveArupPty.Ltd,Sydney,Australia奥林匹克公园奥林匹克公园奥林匹克公园奥林匹克公园OlympicGreenBeijingMunicipalGovernmentisbuildinganewprecinctinthenorthpartofBeijing,atthethenorthpartofBeijing,atthenorthernendofcentralaxisofthecity.北京市政府将在城市北侧，城市中轴线的北端位置上兴建一片新区域—奥林匹克公园。ThesitefortheNSCislocatedinthecentralareaoftheOlympicGreenandhasalotareaofabout6.295hectares.Thesiteisapproximately305基地位置基地位置基地位置基地位置SiteLocationThesiteisapproximately305metresby230metres.国家游泳中心位于奥林匹克公园的中心位置，占地6.295公顷，长宽尺寸大约是305米乘以230米。DesignObjectives•ThedesigniscommittedtotheidealsthatBeijing2008hasproclaimedtotheworld:HighTech,GreenandPeoples’Olympics.•TheNationalSwimmingCentrewillconformtothehighestinternationalstandardsandmaximisesocialandeconomicbenefitsmaximisesocialandeconomicbenefits•2008OlympicGamesvenueforswimming,diving,synchronisedswimmingandwaterpoloevents.•Large-scalemultifunctionalaquaticsportscentrebeforeandafterthe2008OlympicGames.•Multifunctionalrecreation,sportsandfitnessservicesforthepublic.赛时水池赛时水池赛时水池赛时水池Game-modePools热身池陆上热身区Warm-upPoolLandWarm-upArea跳水池嬉水池比赛池（游泳，水球，花样游泳）CompetitionPool(SW,WP,SS)DivingPoolLeisurePool赛后水池赛后水池赛后水池赛后水池Post-GamePools多功能游泳池多功能池Multi-purposePoolProgramPool跳水池嬉水池游泳池SwimmingPoolDivingPoolLeisurePool剖面变化剖面变化剖面变化剖面变化SectionalChange赛时剖面示意Game-modeSection嬉水池LeisurePool比赛厅CompetitionHallGame-modeSection赛后剖面示意Post-GameSection嬉水池LeisurePool比赛厅CompetitionHall功能分区功能分区功能分区功能分区BlockPlanningBasementLevel-10.00BasementLevel-10.00PooldeckLevel-5.40GroundLevel0.00FirstLevel6.40Section2ThermalDesignStrategyandESDTechnologiesAdopted第二部分第二部分第二部分第二部分采用的新技术采用的新技术采用的新技术采用的新技术第二部分第二部分第二部分第二部分采用的新技术采用的新技术采用的新技术采用的新技术外墙材料ETFEFacadeMaterialETFEFacadeMaterialETFE简介简介简介简介Brief立面的双层皮结构由一系列小的单元组成，每个单元的外面都覆盖着一层薄膜-双层聚四氟乙烯（ETFE）。Thefacadesystemcomprisesofaseriesofpaneledunitsthataremountedasinternalandexternalskins.AseriesofEthyleneTetraFluoroEthylene(ETFE)bubbles.材料性能材料性能材料性能材料性能MaterialPerformance1.阻燃材料，熔点为275摄氏度2.优秀的隔热保温性能3.良好的自洁性4.轻质，每层仅0.2MM厚5.良好透光性能6.正常使用寿命30年。1.Self-extinguishingquality，Melt1.Self-extinguishingquality，Melttemperature275oC2.Excellentthermalinsulation3.Self-cleaningsurface4.Lightweight,averagethicknessis0.2MM5.Goodlightpermeability6.Designlife30years施工施工施工施工ConstructionTheETFEbubbleswillbeprefabricatedoffsiteinpanels.Panelsareliftedandfittedtothefacadebyadjustablealuminiumlugsthatarethermallyisolatedfromthesupportstructure.Withthepanelsinplace,airdistributionpipesareattachedandlinkedtoETFE薄膜气泡可在现场外预制，并装在面板上。面板通过独立于支撑结构的可调部件进行提升，并装配在立面上。当面板就位后，将为气泡充气的通风管附着在面板上，并连接到气泵进行充气。pipesareattachedandlinkedtopumpingmechanismsrequiredtokeepthebubblesinflated.CladdinginstallationHookupforairsupplyCladdinginstallationVentingsystemThebuildingphysicsconceptistodevelopalightweightinsulatedfaçadethatactsinprincipleasagreenhouseasswimmingpoolsarepredominantlyheatingdrivenincoldarea.Thetransparenttripleskinbubblefaçadeactslikeagreenhousetotrapthepowerofthesunthusprovidingpassiveheatingtothepoolandsurroundingareas.ThermalDesignStrategy宗旨宗旨宗旨宗旨:设计一个阳光房设计一个阳光房设计一个阳光房设计一个阳光房，，，，因为对于因为对于因为对于因为对于寒冷地区游泳池类型的建筑物来寒冷地区游泳池类型的建筑物来寒冷地区游泳池类型的建筑物来寒冷地区游泳池类型的建筑物来说说说说，，，，热需求是主要的热需求是主要的热需求是主要的热需求是主要的。。。。可变遮阳系数的围护结构SeasonallyVariableShadingDesign•冬季平均遮阳系数为0.4，–SC=0.4inwinter•夏季为0.2。–SC=0.2insummer•Measures：•Measures：•1、空腔内进行通–VentilatedCavity•2、不同朝向的ETFE外墙采用不同密度的图案。–patterningthevariouslayersofthefacadewithtranslucentpainted‘frit’.DaylightingStudy•Thedaylightingdesignintendstocreatespacesthatareappropriatelydaylit,accordingtotheirusage.•ThenumberofETFElayersandthedensityoffritspaintedonETFEaredesignedDaylightIlluminationoftheOlympicPoolHall•ThenumberofETFElayersandthedensityoffritspaintedonETFEaredesigneddifferentlytooptimizetheheat-transfercoefficient,lighttransmittance,andshadingcoefficientofthefacade.•FritspaintedonETFE：Diameter=16mm，Density=10%、20%、30%、50%和65%。VisualisationoftheOlympicPoolHall,DaylightOnly立面照明FaçadeLighting•ThebiggestLEDfaçadelightingbuildingintheworld•Elec.Saving:550，000kwh/year，￥500，000peryear,ComparetoT5fixturesThelightingcouldbecontrolledbypublicinlegacymode.Itcouldalsobeastageof“lightingshow”.•Heat-Recoverychillerisdesignedtorecoveryw