主语不同,谓语动词的形式就会不同,谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化,这就是我们所说的主谓一致。英语的主谓一致大致可以分为两类,一类是语法上一致,一类是意义上一致。语法主谓一致指如果主语形式上是复数形式,其谓语动词也是复数形式;主语是第三人称单数形式,谓语动词也是单数第三人称形式。如:Heisastudent.Theystudents.语法主谓一致are在语法主谓一致中要注意以下几种情况:1)并列结构作主语时,谓语用复数形式,如:Readingandwritingareveryimportant.JohnandJimfriends.are当主语由and连接时,如果表示单一的概念,即同一个人或物时,谓语用单数,and此时两个词前只有一个冠词,表示一人兼两职。•Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.•TheteacherandwritergoingtoDeqing.is当主语是一本书名或一条格言时,谓语用单数。TheScarletLetterisagoodbook.2)either,each,every,no,some,any+单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,如:Eachofushasgotanewbook.我们每个人都有一本新书。Nostudentthiskindofcomputergames.没有一个学生喜欢这款游戏。likes注意:当noneof作主语时,如果其后的名词是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词,谓语动词可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式。如:Noneofthewaterwasleft.Noneofthestudentshas/haveeverbeentotheisland.意义主谓一致指谓语动词的形式变化不是视主语的形式如何,而是视其所指为单数还是复数。在意义主谓一致中有以下几点要注意:意义主谓一致1)表示金钱、时间、距离等的名词按单数对待,如:Twothousanddollarsisthecostofthecourse.Fourkilometresisnotveryfar.Eighthoursisreallyaverylongtime.因为不论多少钱都可以算作一笔钱,多远的距离都可以视为一段距离,多长的时间都可以看作一段时间。2)集体名词一般按单数对待,但如果强调其成员可以视为复数,如:Hisfamilyisnotverylarge.Thewholefamilyweremusiclovers.同种用法的集体名词family,audience,crew,crowd,committee,group,class,population等。但是police,people,cattle作主语时,谓语动词却都要用复数形式。如:Thepolicehaven’tcaughtthethiefyet.3)在“some/therestof+名词”的结构中,要视名词所指而定。作主语的如果是some/therestof接名词,一般要看其后名词是可数还是不可数,是单数还是复数。如果是复数形式,那么谓语动词也要用复数形式;如果是单数,那么谓语动词也要用单数形式。类似的词语还有halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof后接名词作主语时。如:Someofthesummercampsinthecountrysideoronlakes.AisBare其中一些夏令营扎在乡村或湖上。Therestofthemoneygiventohim.剩下的钱都给了他。AwasBwereBA指代意义决定谓语单复数•在代词what、which、who、some、more、any、most、all后的动词尤其指代的词的单复数去决定。•Allisright.一切顺利。•Allarepresent.所有人都到齐了。①Manya+n单数+V单Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.②Morethanone+n单数+V单Morethanoneteachergetstheflowers.③Oneandahalf+N谓语用复数Oneandahalfapplesareonthetable.•但由morethan…of作主语时,谓语与其后的n&pron保持一致。1)therebe句型中的就近原则虽然在therebe句型中there具有语法主语的功能,但是主谓一致却常常是视后面的名词而定。如:TherearemanythingstodoinLosAngeles.Thereislittlewaterleftinthecup.特殊句型中的主谓一致2)定语从句中的主谓一致当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时,定语从句中谓语动词的形式是根据先行词而定的。如:Heisaplayerwhomusic.AlikeBlikesB如:(1)Everydaywehaveactivitieswhichtakeplaceafterclass.which指的是activities,因此,谓语动词用复数形式。(2)Ihavegotsomenewsoftheboywhoplaystheguitarontheleft.who指theboy,因此,谓语动词也要用单数形式。3)由either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso连接的两个词作主语时,根据就近原则,谓语动词的形式以邻近的主语的数而定。如:EitherBoborIwatchingthe17thWorldCupnow.¤当主语后面有aswellas,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,like,except时,谓语与最前面的主语保持一致。MyfatheraswellashisworkmateshasbeentoGuangzhou.each做主语同位语时,谓语由主语决定,与each无关。Theyeachhaveabike.1Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewords.1Oneofmybestfriends_____(have)movedtoAmerica.2Thestudent,withthehostfamily,_____(be)invitedtoawelcomepartywhenhearrivedatthecity.3Insummer,myfamilyalways______(eat)lunchinthepark.haswaseats4Atthemoment,thewholeclass_______________(enjoy)sightseeingtripsinthecity.5Thegovernment____(be)tryingtoprotecttheenvironment.6Mystudygroup______(want)tohavepenfriends.7Myfather’scompany____(be)payingforsummercoursesforourclass.is/areenjoyingiswantis8Ourteam_____(have)organizedamatchagainstavisitingschool.9Sixweeks____(be)alongtimetobeawayfromhome.10Thepolice_____(be)hopingthere’llbenotroubleattheconcert.hasisareExercise1.Nonews________goodnews.Ithinkhe’llbebacksoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were2.Maths________myfavouritesubject.A.areB.isC.amD.be3.Halfoftheclass_____mostofthework.Someofthework________reallydifficult.A.havedone,isB.hasdone,areC.hasdone,isD.havedone,are4.Inourclass________ofthestudents______girls.A.threefifth,areB.threefifths,areC.thirdfifth,isD.threefifths,is5.BothKateandI________readyforthepicnicnow.A.isnotB.amgettingC.aregettingD.isgetting6.—Arethereanyfishinthelakenow?—No.___anywaterinitinwinter.A.Thereisn’tB.Therearen’tC.Itisn’tD.Theyaren’t7.Don’tworry,Mum!Nonews_____goodnews.I’msureDaddywillcomebackverysoon.A.isB.areC.wereD.was8.Apairofnewshoes________giventomeasapresentbymyfather.A.willB.hasC.isD.are9.Twentyminutes________notenoughforyoutofinishit.A.wereB.hasC.areD.is10.There________anappleandsomeorangesonthetable.A.isB.areC.hasD.have