搜索
上海众选教育1高一定语从句考点一：关系代词的用法:关系词是由先行词和从句所少的成分决定.关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语，宾语Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr.Smithisthepersonwith___IamworkingTheboy_____sheloveddiedinthewar.whose人，物定语Ilikethosebooks____topicsareabouthistory.Theboy______fatherworksabroadismyclassmate.that人，物主语，宾语,表语Aplaneisamachine_______canfly.Sheisthepopstar______Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主语，宾语Thebook______Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicture_______wasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人，物主语，宾语Heissuchaperson______isrespectedbyallofus.Thisisthesamepen_______Ilostyesterday.as做宾语一般不省略关系副词where地点状语Thatwastheplace---------wefirstmet.注意：即使先行词是时间，地点，原因。但是如果从句少主语，宾语要用关系代词。why原因状语Thereason-----youwerelatewasunbelievable.when时间状语Theday------Ijoinedthearmyisunforgetable.例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Doyouknowtheprofessor_______willgiveusaspeechnextweek?（作主语）②Ireadareportabouthisnewnovel_________willsoonbepublished.（作主语）③Theplan________theyarguedaboutwassettledatlast.（作宾语）④Thisisthenewsecretary_________Iwouldliketointroducetoyou.（作宾语）⑤Thesoldier_________legswerebadlywoundedwasoperatedonwithoutdelay.（作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例③④）考点二、介词前提的问题：关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。例如：Haveyouseenthepen(which)Iwrotethenotewithjustnow?（which作介词with的宾语）→HaveyouseenthepenwithwhichIwrotethenotejustnow?但是，要注意的是：⑴介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。⑵介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。⑶有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。例如：错误：Whoistheoldmantothatyouweretalkingto?正确：Whoistheoldmantowhomyouweretalking?或Whoistheoldman(that/whom)youweretalkingto?上海众选教育2考点三：that与which,who,whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1．先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时。2．先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时3．先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4．先行词既指人又指物时5．先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时6．句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhavebeengivenout.3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.6.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?只用which,who,whom的情况1．在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2．在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3．先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those,one,he时多用who。1.Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.2.Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.3.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.补充：宜用who,而不用that的一些情况⑴先行词是one,ones,anyone时。例如：①Onewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.②Don’ttellanyoneaboutthenewswhooughtn’ttoknowit.⑵先行词是those时。例如：①Thosewhowerenotfitfortheirworkcouldnotseethebeautifulclothesmadeofthemagiccloth.考点四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如：Whoistheguythat____(be)readingoverthere?①Thenumberofpeoplethat______(be)goingtotheexhibitionisexpectedtobeover25,000.②Allthat_________(need)tobedonehasbeendone.③Heisoneofthestudentswho______(use)computeralotforstudy.④Timmyistheonlyoneofthepupilsthat___(fail)theexam.例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。高一定语从句专项练习(1)1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthefactory____weareworkingsincethen.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there上海众选教育38.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheW