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34420094ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDMANAGEMENTVol134No14Apr.2009:2008-11-24:(1984-),,,,:1674-6139(2009)04-0098-04-(ANAMMOX),,(,221008):(ANAMMOX),,,,,,,:;;SHARON-ANAMMOX;OLAND:X703.1:ANewWaysforNitrogenRemoval-AnaerobicAmmoniumOxidationGaiShuhu,iZhangNing,ZhangYanqiu(DepartmentofEnvironmentScienceandSpatialInformatics,ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology,Xuzhou221008,China)Abstract:AnaerobicAmmoniumOxidation(ANAMMOX)isanewprocessthathasbeenfoundinrecentyears.Asanaerobicammoniumoxidationtechnologyforbiologicaldenitrificationhasdistinctiveadvantageineconomy,ithasbecometheworldwidere2searchhotspotsinrecentyears,andwillbethemainstreamofthedevelopmentofbiologicaldenitrificationofwastewaterinthefu2ture.TheresearchonthetechnologyinChinaarestillfarbehindtheabroadleve,lespeciallyinthestudyofthemechanismofANAMMOX.Thispaperintroducesthecauseofthisrespondthemechanismofremovingpollutantinwastewaterandthefunction,thecharacteristicoftheanammoxbacteria.Andthepapergivessomeexamplesinapplicationofanaerobicammoniumoxidationprocessandproblemsappearedinapplicationwhichsetagoodfoundationforitsfurtherresearchandengineeringapplication,andprovidedsomeconcretesuggestionsforitsdevelopmentatthesametmie.Keywords:ANAMMOX;anammoxbacteria;SHARON-ANAMMOX;OLAND,,1932Wuhrmann,A/A/OUCTJHB,,1995Mulder[1],,,,(ANAMMOX)Delft,NO-2,NH+4N2,ANAM2MOX,,,90%,,11,[2-3],,,#98#34420094#-(ANAMMOX)Vol134No14Apr.2009,1Broda1977,2,,N2[4]NH+41[5]1995MulderGistBrocades,[1],,,,,Mulder(AnaerobicAmmoniumOxidation),ANAM2MOXVandeGraat,15N,[6]1NH+4vG(kJ/mol)15NH+4+3NO-3y4N2+9H2O+2H+-2972NH+4+NO-2yN2+2H2O-358310NH+4+2NO-3+5O2y6N2+16H2O+8H+-31042NH+4+2O2+H2yN2+4H2O+2H+-43554NH+4+3O2y2N2+6H2O+4H+-3152ANAM2MOX:NH+4+NO-2yN2{+2H2O(1)-297kJ/mo,l(-315kJ/mol)NO-2,,112mmol/(L#h),1mol016molNO-2,018mol(NH2OH)(N2H4),,HNO2N2H4NO-2,NO-2,ANAMMOX11ANAMMOX33.1,1Lm[7]S,,,()(anammoxo2some)anammoxo2some3:(1):,,PP(2)(ribo2plasm)(3),,[8],CandidatusBroea-diaanammoxidansCandidatusKueneniastuttgartien-sis3.2anamm2oxosome(HZO),22#99#34420094#-(ANAMMOX)Vol134No14Apr.2009NH+4(NH2OH)(HH)(HZO),HZOHAO(Neuropaea)anammoxosome,N2444Riboplasm5(NIR)[8],Riboplasmanammoxo2some,ana2mm-oxosomeRiboplasm($pH)($W)$pH$Wanammoxosome($p)(ATPase)(ATP)ATPaseRibo2plasm,ATPaseRiboplasmATP,ATPRiboplasm44.1,,,.,[9]30e~35e,,01171~01174mg/(mg#d);40e,,01091mg/(mg#d);30e,70kJ/mo,l,(),(,814~8317kJ/mol),,(30e~35e)4.2pH,pH,pH[10]pH715~810;Strous[11]pH8Antoniou,pH710~812,pH71607[12]pH61507180,,9100,,.pH7180[13]4.3,,,,,;,,,,[9]5,DelftSHARON/AN2AMMOXOLAND5.1SHARON-ANAMMOXSHARON,NO-2,,,(HRT)(SRT),HRTSRT,HRT,SHARONN.europaeaSHARON:NH+4+HCO-3+0175O2y015NH+4+015NO-2+CO2+115H2O(2)ANAMMOX:NH+4+NO-2yN2{+2H2O(3)SHARRONANAMMOX,50%NO-2,NO-2,,DelfSHANRON-ANAMMOX,SHAN2RONpH018kg/(m3#d),NO-2#100#34420094#-(ANAMMOX)Vol134No14Apr.2009NO-311%NO-2ANAMMOX,83%5.2OLAND(oxygenlimitedauto2trophicnitrificationdenitrification,OLAND)GentDO,NH+4NO-2,,NH+4NO-2NH+4N2NO-2:NH+4+2O2yNO-3+H2O+2H+(4)NO-3+H++0183CH3OHy015N2+2117H2O+0183CO2(5)NH+4+2O2+0183CH3OHy015N2+3117H2O+H++0183CO2(6)OLAND:015NH+4+0175O2y015NO-2+015H2O+H+(7)015NH+4+015NO-2y015N2+H2O(8)NH+4+0175O2y015N2+115H2O+H+(9)DO,DO,,,DO012mg/L~014mg/L,112mg/L~115mg/LOLAND,,,6215%100%(),PHOLANDTN,50mgTN/(L#d)OLAND,,6,:(1),,;(2)1mol2mol,,1molNH+40175mol,6215%(),;(3)1molNH+42moHl+,1molNO-31molOH-,,[14]B.V.PaquesPollutec2006,EPPB.V.Paques,planctomycete,,Brocadiaanammoxidan(NH+4)(NO-2),,,,,NH+4,,,,60%,,(200mg/L),,,,,:,;,;,;,:[1]MulderA,VandeGraafAA,RobertsonLA,eta.lAdiscoveryinadenitrifyingfluidizedbedreactor[J].FEMSMi2crobiolEcology,1995,16:177-184.[2]StrousM,HeijnenJJ,KuenenJG,eta.lThese2quencingbatchreactorasapowerfultoolforthestudyofslowlygrowinganaerobicammoniumoxidizingmicrorganisms[J].ApplMicrobiolBiotechno.l1998,50(5):589-596.(105)#101#34420094#Vol134No14Apr.2009()2/I-1B2Q=12m3/h,H=60m,N=515kWXAM40/800-UBK2Se=20m2Q=w-20m3/h2Q=w-20m3/h12.533BOD5(m#L-1)(%)COD(mg#L-1)(%)1-:540:8085%:1010:22080%2A-O:80:3560%:220:11050%3501203400m2,1187/m3165,115,280,,,,,,,:[1]王志霞,王志岩,武周虎5工业水处理6-高盐度废水生物处理现状与前景展望,2002(11).[2]何健.5中国沼气6-高盐度难降解工业废水生化处理的研究,2000(2).[3]刘冰.5电解氧化法处理有机废水技术进展6.上海环境科学,2004(6).[4]朱又春.5废水微电解反应器6国家实用新型专利(专利号:ZL01255522.3).(101)[3]JettenMSM,StrousM,vandePas-SchonenKT,eta11Theanaerobicoxidationofammonium[J].FEMSMicrobi2ologyReviews,1999,22(5):421-437.[4]胡细全等.厌氧氨氧化的研究及其应用[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2004(5).[5]张丹.OLAND生物脱氮系统运行条件及其微生物群落结构的研究[D].中科院沈阳应用生态研究所,2003,6.[6]VandeGraa,feta.lAnaerobicoxidationofammoniumisabiologicalmediatedprocess[J].ApplEnvironMicrobio,l1995,61.[7]StrousM,KuenenJG,JettenMSM.Keyphysiologyofanaerobicammoniumoxidation[J].AppliedandEnviromentalMicrobiology,1999,65(7):3248-3250.[8]VanNiftrikLA,FuerstJA,SinningheDamsteJS,eta.lFEMSMicrobiologyLetters,2004,233:7-131.[9]杨洋,左剑恶,沈平,等.温度pH值和有机物对厌氧氨氧化污泥活性的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(4):691-695.[10]ZhengP,HuBL.Kineticsofanaerobicammoniaoxi2dation[J].ChineseJournalofBiotechnology,2001,17(2):193-198(inChinese).[11]StrousM,VanGervenE,KuenenJG,eta.lEffectsofaerobicandmicroaerobicconditionsonanaerobicammonium-oxidizing(Anammox)sludge[J].ApplEnvironMicrobio,l1997,63(6):2446-2448.