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ChineseFolkPerformance——ShehuoDefinedOriginallyreferringtosacrificeritualstognome[nom],Shehuoisnowageneraltermforallkindsofrecreationalactivitiesinfestivals.本义是指在社日祭祀土地神时明间所举行的各种祭祀、游艺活动，后来则成为民间在节庆日举行的各种游乐活动的泛称。HistoryShehuoOriginallyintheQinandtheHanDynastiesanddevelopedintheTangandtheSongDynasties.ItwasevenmorepopularduringintheMingandtheQingDynasties.社火兴起于秦汉时期，唐宋时期进一步发展，在明清时期更为流行。NowShehuohasbecomeafolkrecreationalactivityshowingpeople’shappinessandexpressingtheirgoodwishes.ItisakindoffolkartactedoutdoorsbylocalfarmersduringSpringFestivalandLanternFestival.现在社火已经成为民间的娱乐活动，象征人民的幸福和良好祝愿。它是一种民间艺术，是当地农民在春节和元宵节期间的户外运动。ThekindsofShehuoshow•Stilt-walking（踩高跷）•Horse-riding（骑马）•Liondances（舞狮）•Dragondances（耍龙灯）•Land-boat（旱船）•Yangge（秧歌）•Lanternshow（闹花灯）Stilt-walking（踩高跷）Stiltsrefertoapairoflong,slenderpoleseachequippedwitharaisedfootresttoenabletheusertowalkelevatedabovetheground.InChina,thereisanoldcustomcalled“walkingonstilts”.高跷是指以一双长并且配备凸起的搁脚板，能使表演者提升每个细长杆走在平地上的装置。在中国，有一个古老的风俗，称为“踩高跷”。History•IntheHanDynasties,Stilt-walking,thencalled“stiltsskill”,begantopopularizeamongthepublic.•IntheSongDynasties,itwaschangedto“stepping-stilts”.•IntheQingDynasties,thename“stilts-walking”wasfinallyadopted.在汉代，踩高跷当时称为“跷技”，开始在公众中普及。在宋代，它被改为“踏桥”。在清代，被称之为“高跷”，一直沿用至今。Dragondance（耍龙灯）TheDragondances,alsoknownasthedragonlanterndance,isauniquefolkdanceinChina.ThePerformerswavepropslikeadragontotheaccompanimentofdrumsandgongs,displayingapowerfulandmajesticmomentum.耍龙灯，也称舞龙、龙灯舞，是一种以龙为主体、十数人共同表演的大型民间艺术形式。About2000yearsago,theseriesofmovementsusedinthedragondancewereestablishedinChina.DuringtheSongDynasty,foundedinthe10thcentury,thedragonwascombinedwithlanternstoformakindofvisualart.Thedragonlanterndancebecameamajoritemofentertainmentduringfestivals,especiallytheLanternFestivalonthe15thdayoffirstlunarmouth.约2000年前，在中国建立了一系列的舞龙运动。在宋代，始建于10世纪，形成一种视觉艺术。舞龙成为元宵节主要的娱乐项目。ThedragonisanemblemoftheChinesenation.Itisalsoanemblemofgoodharvest,nationalprosperityandpeople’shappiness.SothedragondancesisindispensableforfestivitiesinChinesecommunitiesallovertheworld.龙是中华民族的象征,这也象征着一个好收成，国家富强和人民幸福的。因此，舞龙是世界各地的华人必不可少的庆祝活动。Liondance（狮子舞）TheLiondance,alsocalledbytheancient“lionteasing”,isafolkshowperformedbyoneortwopersonswrappedaroundwithlionskincostume.likethedragonlance,liondanceisanindispensableperformanceintraditionalChinesevillagefestiveactivities.狮子舞，也叫“舞狮”，古代称为“戏狮子”，是一种由一人或两人身披狮型服装表演的民间艺术。与耍龙灯一样，狮子舞也是传统社火中必不可少的表演艺术形式之一。TheLiondanceisperformedintwoforms:1.paiacting（太狮）Theformerinvolvestwoactorsco-operatingasasingelion,oneastheheadofthelion,theotherasthebody.Whenthelionshakeitsheadorblinksitseyes,thebodywillmoveaccordingly,afeatthatdemandscloseco-operatingbetweenthetwoperformerswrappedaroundinonelioncostume.2.Individualacting（少狮）TheIndividualactingperformsasalioncubwithasmalllioncostumewrappedaroundonelioncostume.Inaddition,thereisalwaysamanactingasaliontease（狮子郎),usuallydressedasawarriororafatmonkwhoholdsanembroideredballandplayswiththelionsaccompaniedwithgongsanddrums.IntraditionalChinesecustomculture,thelionisthekingofallbeastsandtoChinesepeoplehasalwaysbeenamascotthatiscapableofwardingoffevilsandbringinggoodluck.Therefore,duringeachfestival,peoplewoulddecoratethelionswithbrightcolorsandplaywiththemasanexpressionofgoodwishes.在中国传统风俗文化中，狮子是百兽之王，长期以来一直是人们心中去恶呈祥的一种吉祥物。所以每到节庆之日，人们总是把狮子打扮得五彩斑斓，与之嬉戏玩耍，以此寄托消灾除害、吉祥如意的愿望。BoatingDance（跑旱船）TheBoatingDance,alsocalledland-boat,land-boatdance,orlotus-collectingboat,isafolkdancewithonedanceplayingthewomanpassengercarryingthepropboataroundherandanotherplayingtheboatmanwithanoar.Itissimilartothebamboo-horsedanceandthedonkeydanceintheformofperformance.跑旱船，也称旱船，或称旱船舞、采莲舞等，是指女演员身上套、挎着船型道具拌坐船，男演员手持船桨扮划船，二人共同表演的一种民间表演艺术。其表演形式与跑竹马、赶毛驴相似。Theperformanceusuallyinvolvesoneboatwithtwodances:amaleandafemale.Someinvolvemanydancesandmanyboats.Dancersperforminaccordancewiththeirstageappearance.Thoughdifferentinformandstylefromplace,theboatingdanceisverymuchlovedeverywhereregardlessofitsspeciallocalformandstyle.Lanternshow（闹花灯）LanternshowisthemajorfolkactivityofLanternfestivalorYuanxiaojie,whichfallsonthe15thofthefirstmouthoftheChineseNewYear.Thenamederivesitselffromthefactthatthefirstlunarmouthiscalledyuanmouthandintheancienttimespeoplecallednightxiao.The15thdayisthefirstnighttoseeafullmoon.SothedayiscalledYuanxiaoFestivalinChina.HistoryLanternshowduringLanternFestivalhasalongHistory:★HistoricalrecordshowthatitbeganwiththeHanDynasty.★IntheSuiDynasty,EmperorYangdiinvitedenvoysfromothercountriestoChinatoseeLanternshow.★IntheTangDynasty,theLanternshowwouldlastforthreedays.★IntheSongDynasty,thefestivalwascelebratedforfivedaysandtheactivitiesbegantospreadtomanyofthebigcitiesinChina.★EmperorChengzuintheMingDynastyhadthedowntownareasetasideasacenterfordisplayingthelanterns.Today,thedisplayingoflanternsisstillabigeventintheLanternfestival.Peopleenjoythebrightlylitnightandtheimpressivesight.Mashehuo-thetraditionalartforminmyhometownMashehuoasantraditionalartformisverypopularinmyhometown,thesouthofNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion–Xihaigu,Mashehuo