论《了不起的盖茨比》中尼克是可靠的叙述者

龙源期刊网论《了不起的盖茨比》中尼克是可靠的叙述者作者：杨丽红来源：《外语学法教法研究》2014年第01期【摘要】尼克自身拥有良好的品格，受了高等教育，与其他人物有密切关系，这些使得尼克成为最合适的，最公正的，不偏不倚的叙述者。乔丹作为黛西的闺中密友，非常了解盖茨比与黛西的爱情故事，可以说乔丹是作品中潜在的叙述者，尼克和乔丹是恋人关系，这更增加了尼克作为叙述者的可信度。尼克既是剧中人又是局外人，既是“目击者”型主人公也是圆形人物。尼克在作品中具有不可替代的作用，是一位可靠的叙述者。整个作品通过尼克独特视角的叙述显得真实而又客观。【关键词】人物关系；潜在叙述者；双重视角；目击者；圆形人物WhyNickinisaReliableStoryteller？Abstract：Nickhimselfenjoysuniqueconditions，hehasgoodeducationandwell-connectedrelationshipwithothercharacterswhichmakesNickbethemostsuitable，fairandimpartialnarrator.JordanisclosefriendofDaisy，sheknowsthelovestoryofGatsbyandDaisyverywell.ItcanbesaidthatJordanisahiddennarrativecharacter，JordanistheloverofNickandthisincreasesthecredibilityofNickwhoactsasanarrator.Nickactsasthecarrierofadoublesight，bothaparticipantandabystander，boththe“I”witnessandaroundcharacter.Nick’participantplaysanirreplaceableroleintheplotdevelopment，Nickisareliablecharacter.ThewholeworkseemsrealandobjectivefromtheperspectiveofNick.Keywords：relationship；hiddennarrator；double-sight；witness；roundcharacter【中图分类号】I106【文献标识码】A【文章编号】2095-3089（2014）01-0009-01TheGreatGatsbytookplacefollowingtheWorldWarI.DuringtheRoaring1920s，Americansocietyenjoyedprosperityastheeconomysoared，meanwhile，prohibition，thebanonthesaleandmanufactureofalcoholmademillionairesoutofbootleggers.Everythingseemedtobefeasiblethroughmoderntechnology.Jazzanddancingroseinpopularity，inoppositiontothemoodofthespecterofWorldWarI.ThisperiodisalsoreferredtotheJazzAge.TheauthorFitzgeraldisthespokesmanofthe1920s，theparticulardecadethatcombinedthepostwareconomicboomandthesenseofspiritualdisorientation.Inthenovel？FitzgeraldsuccessfullyusesanewnarrativepointofviewwiththethemeofthedisillusionmentoftheAmericanDream.Befullofrealism，thisnovelisnotonlythepeakofFitzgerald’achievement，butalsoanimportantworkinAmericanliterature.The龙源期刊网；thehallowDaisyBuchanan；thecruel，irresponsibleTomBuchanan；thecynical，conceitedJordanBaker.Intermsofthesecharacters，readerscanonlyregretforthem.NickCarraway，thenarrator，isthemaincharacterandplaysanirreplaceableplaceinthenovel.I.Nick’irreplaceablerole1.1.Nick‘scharacteristicsNickisayoungmanfromMinnesota，afterbeingeducatedatYaleandfightinginWorldWarI，hewenttoNewYorkCitytolearnbondbusiness.Honest，tolerant，andinclinedtoreservejudgment，Nickoftenservesasaconfidantforthosewithtroublingsecrets.AftermovingtoWestEgg，afictionalareaofLongIslandthatishometothenewlyrich，Nickquicklybecameafriendofhisnext-doorneighbor，themysteriousJayGatsby.TheGreatGatsbyistoldentirelythroughNick'seyes；histhoughtsandperceptionsshapeandcolorthestory.NickisalsoDaisy’scousin，whichenableshimtoobserveandassisttheresurgentloveaffairbetweenDaisyandGatsby.Becauseoftherelationshipwiththetwocharacters，Nickistheperfectchoicetonarratethestory，whichfunctionsasapersonalmemoirofhisexperienceswithGatsbyinthesummerof1922.Heistolerant，open-minded，quiet，andagoodlistener，and，asaresult，otherstendtotalktohimandtellhimtheirsecrets.Gatsby，inparticular，comestotrusthimandtreathimasaconfidant.HeoftenfunctionsasFitzgerald’svoice，asinhisextendedmeditationontimeandtheAmericandream.Nickplaysaroleinsidethenarration，andheevidencesastronglymixedreactiontolifeontheEastCoast，onethatcreatesapowerfulinternalconflict.Ontheonehand，Nickisattractedtothefast-paced，fun-drivenlifestyleofNewYork.Ontheotherhand，hefindsthatlifestylegrotesqueanddamaging.Nickrepresentsanotherpart：thequiet，reflectiveMidwesterneradriftintheluridEast.ThisinnerconflictissymbolizedthroughoutthenovelbyNick’sromanticaffairwithJordan.Nick'sdescriptionofhimselfintheopeningchapterholdstruethroughoutthenovel：heistolerantandslowtojudge，someonewithwhompeoplefeelcomfortablesharingtheirsecrets.Hiswillingnesstodescribehimselfandthecontoursofhisthoughtsevenwhentheyareinconsistentorincomplete—hisconflictedfeelingsaboutGatsby，forinstance，orthelongmusingattheendofthenovel—makeshimseemtrustworthyandthoughtful.1.2.Well-connectedrelationshipwithothercharactersHispositioninrelationtoothercharactersgiveshimaperfectvantagepointfromwhichtotellthestory-heisDaisy'scousin，Tom'soldcollegefriend，andGatsby'sneighbor，andallthethreetrustandrelyonhim.ThoughNickparticipatesinthisstoryanditseventscertainlyaffecthim，TheGreatGatsbyisnotreallyhisstoryinthesenseofbeingabouthim.However，itishisstoryinthesensethatitiscrucialtohim：hedefineshimselfintheprocessofwritingit.Indeed，hestruggleswiththestory'smeaningevenashetellsit.ThoughNickpreferstoadmireGatsby'spassionasaloverandadreamer，Nick'sownactionsinhisrelationshipwithJordancastanironicwitheroverhisadmiration：withJordan，Nickisguarded，cautious，andskeptical.Overall，Nicksuggeststhat龙源期刊网，andthathisattractiontoGatsbycreatesaconflictwithinhimself.Jordanisahiddennarrativecharacter，wecanobserveabystanderinthelovestoryofGatsbyandDaisy，andsheknowsmoreaboutthelovestorythanNickintermsofthetimelength.InthelovestorybetweenGatsbyandDaisy，Jordanalsoplaysanimportantrole.Jordanisahiddennarrativechara