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Page1of2doingsth作状语的分类doingsth作状语的分类☆一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。☆-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。如：▲doingsth.作时间状语：﹡Seeingmyparentswavinginthecrowd，Iwentrunningtothem.﹡Crossingtheroad,theoldmanwasknockedoverbyacar.=Whenhewascrossingtheroad,theoldmanwasknockedoverbyacar.﹡(When)Hearingthenews,hegotfrightened.=Whenheheardthenews,hegotfrightened.﹡Havingeatenhisdinner,theboyrushedout.﹡Hearingtheirteacher'svoice,thepupilsstoppedtalkingatonce.﹡Havingreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.▲doingsth.作原因状语：Beingateacher，youshouldhelpyourstudentsineveryway.Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Notknowingheraddress,Ican'twritetoher.Havinglivedwiththegirlfor5years,weallknowherverywell.Havingeatentoomuch,hecouldn’tgotosleep.▲doingsth.作结果状语：﹡Thereismudandwatereverywhere,makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace.makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace是结果状语。现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性（自然结果）。（making可以改为whichmakes，相当于一个前因后果的非限制性定语从句。）﹡Hecomeshomelateeveryevening,makinghiswifeveryangry.他每天回来得很晚，这是他的妻子很生气。=Hecomeshomelateeveryevening,whichmakeshiswifeveryangry.=Hecomeshomelateeveryevening,anditmakeshiswifeveryangry.﹡Maryfailedallherexams,makingbothherparentsveryangry.玛丽未能通过一门考试，这是她父母非常生气。﹡Europeanfootballisplayedinmorethan80countries,makingitoneofthemostpopulargamesintheworld.(NMET1998全国卷)﹡Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.﹡Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.﹡Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.﹡Shethrewthetoyontheground,breakingitintopieces.﹡Thesongissungalloverthecountry,makingitthemostpopularsong﹡Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.Page2of2doingsth作状语的分类▲doingsth.作条件状语：ListeningtoEnglisheveryday（IfyoulistentoEnglisheveryday），you’lllearnitwellstepbystep.Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed.Workinghard,you'llsucceed.Takingthepaththatleadsoutofthetown,youwillcometoalake.Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothepark.▲doingsth.作让步状语：Workingsohard,hefailedagain.Livingmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。☆理解技巧：分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though,although,nomatter…等引导的让步状语从句，如上面两句也可转换成：Althoughhelivedmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.Thoughthewasdefeated,heremainedapopularboxer.▲doingsth.作方式状语：Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.Theyeatusingthefingersoftheirrighthands.Heearnsalivingdrivingatruck.他靠开卡车谋取生。▲doingsth.作伴随状语：Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.=Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.Theboysatinfrontofthefarmhouse,cuttingthebranch.Allnightlonghelayawake,thinkingoftheproblem.Thesixblindmenstoodtherebeggingforameal.Hesatinthearmchair,readinganewspaper.Theystoodthereforhalfanhourwatchingthestarsinthesky.Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.他坐在椅子上看报。Don'tyousittheredoingnothing.别什么也不干坐在那里。Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。（☆过去分词短语也可以作伴随状语）☆理解技巧：理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。英语中V-ing形式作伴随状语时,它表示的是一个次要的动作,来对谓语表示的动作加以说明或作为陪衬。一般将其置于句后,可用逗号与主句成分分开。例如:1.Don’tsittheredoingnothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.不要坐在那里什么也不做;过来帮我收拾餐桌