American-Literature-Part-I-the-Literature-of-Colon

PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）所以，让我们选择生活，这样，我们和我们的后代，可以听从上帝的声音，须臾不离上帝，因为，上帝是我们的生命，我们的兴旺。——约翰·温斯罗普PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）LiteratureofColonialAmericaIHistoricalIntroductionIVEarlyNewEnglandLiteratureVPuritanThoughtsVITheEarlyPoemsIIITheFirstWritingsIINativeAmericanLiteratureJohnCottonRogerWilliamsAnneBradstreetEdwardTaylorWilliamBradfordJohnWinthropCaptainJohnSmithHowtoAnalyzePoetryPartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）I.HistoricalIntroduction1.EarlySettlements1.11492:ColumbusreachedtheAmericas1.2Theearly1600s:thebeginningofagreattideofemigrationfromEuropetoNorthAmerica1.3Theearliestsettlers:Dutch,Swedes,Germans,French,Spaniards,Italians,andPortuguesecontributedtotheformingoftheAmericancivilizationthecoloniesthatbecamethefirstUnitedStateswereforthemostpartEnglishPartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）I.HistoricalIntroduction2.JamestownEstablishedatJamestown,Virginiain1607.ThefirstpermanentEnglishsettlementinNorthAmericaPartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）3.MayFlowerNovember,1620:ThepuritansdroppedanchoratCapeCod（科德角）andestablishedtheircolonyatPlymouthPartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）4.WhytheBritishEmigratedtoAmericaEconomicReason:Inthe1620ssevereeconomicdepressioninEngland(enclosuremovement)VirginiawasfoundedbyLondonComponyin1607.ReligiousReason:TheascensionofCharlesItothethrone-whowasknowntobesympathetictoRomanCatholicismandimpatientwithPuritanreformerswastakenasanominoussignforPuritans.MassachusettswasfoundedbyPuritansin1620.PoliticalReason:Inthe1630s,arbitraryrulebyEngland'sCharlesIgaveimpetustothemigration.MostEuropeanemigrantslefttheirhomelandstoescapepoliticaloppression.PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）5.1Inthenorth-eastofAmerica5.2ConsistingofMaine(缅因）,NewHampshire（新罕尔布什尔）,Vermont（佛蒙特）,Massachusetts（马萨诸塞）,RhodeIsland（罗得岛）,Connecticut（康涅狄格）.5.3NamedbyCaptainJohnSmith5.NewEnglandPartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）AKAlaskaALAlabamaARArkansasAZArizonaCACaliforniaCOColoradoCTConnecticutDCDistrictofColumbiaDEDelawareFLFloridaGAGeorgiaHIHawaiiIAIowaIDIdahoILIllinoisINIndianaKSKansasKYKentuckyLALouisianaMAMassachusettsMDMarylandMEMaineMIMichiganMNMinnesotaMOMissouriMSMississippiMTMontanaNCNorthCarolinaNDNorthDakotaNENebraskaNHNewHampshireNJNewJerseyNMNewMexicoNVNevadaNYNewYorkOHOhioOKOklahomaOROregonPAPennsylvaniaRIRhodeIslandSCSouthCarolinaSDSouthDakotaTNTennesseeTXTexasUTUtahVAVirginiaVTVermontWAWashingtonWIWisconsinWVWestVirginiaWYWyomingPartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）ThenumberofNativeAmericanslivinginwhatisnowtheUnitedStatesattheonsetofEuropeancolonizationwereupto18million.Indiancustomsandcultureatthetimewerediverse.Native-AmericansocietyinNorthAmericawascloselytiedtotheland.Identificationwithnatureandtheelementswasessentialtoreligiousbeliefs.II.Native-AmericanLiteraturePartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）AlthoughsomeNorthAmericantribesdevelopedatypeofhieroglyphics（象形文字）topreservecertaintexts,Native-Americanculturewasprimarilyoral,withahighvalueontherecountingoftalesanddreams.Americanliteraturebeginswiththeorallytransmittedmyths,legends,tales,andlyrics(alwayssongs)ofIndiancultures.Therewasnowrittenliteratureamongthemorethan500differentIndianlanguagesandtribalculturesthatexistedinNorthAmericabeforethefirstEuropeansarrived.PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）narrativesandjournalsofthesettlementsPractical,usefulinformationAttractivetomoreimmigrantsTruestoriesoftheimmigrantsIII.ThefirstwritingsWhatwastheearliestAmericanLiteraturelike?PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）TheFirstAmericanWriterCaptainJohnSmith(1580-1631)1.ReputationOneoftheleadersofJamestown(notpilgrim)AnEnglishsoldieroffortune(mercenary)Hisreportsofexploration:thefirstdistinctlyAmericanLiteraturewritteninEnglishPartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）2.CaptainJohnSmith’sWorksATrueRelationofSuchOccurrencesandAccidentsofNoteasHathHappenedinVirginiaSincetheFirstPlantingofThatColony(1608)《关于弗吉尼亚的真实叙述》TheFirstBookinAmericanhistoryTheimmigrants’surpriseandexcitementThebitterlifefullofdangersTheauthor’sconfidenceinthefuturelifePracticalandrealisticAMapofVirginia:withaDescriptionoftheCountry(1612)《海湾及河流地图，附关于当地情况及居民的叙述》PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）CaptainJohnSmith’sWorksGeneralHistoryofVirginia(1624)(Pocahontas)《弗吉尼亚，新英格兰及夏日群岛通史》Transformedintoalegendofthecolonists.PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmerica北美殖民时期文学（1607-1750）3.TheFeaturesofHisWorksSmith’sdescriptionsofAmericawerefilledwiththemes,myths,images,scenes,characters,andeventsthatwereafoundationforthenation’sliterature.HeportrayedEnglishNorthAmericaasalandofendlessbounty.HisvisionhelpedlurethePilgrimsandthePuritans.PartITheLiteratureofColonialAme