持久性有机污染物的污染现状与控制对策-王佩华

3911201011　　　AppliedChemicalIndustryVol.39No.11Nov.2010:2010-08-29　　:2010-09-07:(10551355);(K1001007):(1954-),,,,、。:13845530517,E-mail:[e-mail]王佩华,赵大伟,聂春红,迟云超(,　152061)　:、,、,、,。:;;:K592　　　:A　　　:1671-3206(2010)11-1761-05CurrentstateofpollutionsandcontrolcountermeasureaboutpersistentorganicpollutantsWANGPei-hua,ZHAODa-wei,NIEChun-hong,CHIYun-chao(DepartmentofPharmaceuticalandChemicalEngineering,SuihuaUniversity,Suihua152061,China)Abstract:Thecategory,character,andharmforenvironmentandhumanityhealthaboutpersistentorganicpollutantswereintroduced.Thecurrentstateofproductionanduseweresummarizedforpersistentorganicpollutantsofourcountry.Thecurrentstateofpollutionsofpersistentorganicpollutantswereemphaticallyanalysedforwater,airandsoil.Thecontrolcountermeasureofpersistentorganicpollutantswereputfor-ward.Keywords:persistentorganicpollutants;currentstateofpollutions;controlcountermeasure　　(POPs)、、,,。POPs,,,、、,[1]。POPs、、,POPs。1　2001523127《(POPs)》(《》),POPs12[2]。:(),9。、、、、、、、,;:(PCBs)。、、,、,、、;:,(PCDDs)(PCDFs),PCDD/Fs。PCDD/Fs。19986,,、32,16()POPs,《》12,、/(HCH)、[3]。POPs,POPs,[4]。2　2.1　POPs、、,,,,。DOI:10.16581/j.cnki.issn1671-3206.2010.11.04339(t1/2)。《》D:“2、6、6[5]”。2.2　POPs、,,POPs,,,。2.3　POPs,,,。。POPs,,、、POPs。,,POPs,。2.4　POPs,,,POPs。,POPs、、、。,、、、[6]。3　POPs20,100;1～12,600;(BCF)4000～70000[7]。POPs。3.1　POPs,、。POPs,,30090%PCBsPOPs,10%[8]。3.2　POPs,,。,,[5]。PCBs,,,PCBs。3.3　POPs,、、[9]。POPs,,[10]。POPs,PCB,[11]。POPs,。150,、,7,4,11IQ,、、[12]。3.4　,POPs,。1997,,,[10]。2,3,7,8-(TCDD),100,900[5]。3.5　POPs,TCDD,,。POPs,、。POPs、、、[6]。4　4.1　,2060～80,POPs。《》9,DDT、、、5。1982,176211:、,,DDT[13]。DDT39.81t,,。1981～1995DDT30t,2.9t,[13]。30,DDT40t,20%[14]。1960～1984,2.4t,1980[2]。,2000t,,28t[2]。1977～1978,3000t,,79。1967～1969,17t,,[2]。,1970DDT、、HCH19.17t,80.1%[13]。80,2258(),78%[15]。1998,、、、、、7()()、3(),113.3km2,11.8%[7]。,HCHDDT,。,2080,。4.2　1965PCBs,1974。10,PCBs1t,(42%)9000t,,(PCBs,54%)1000t,、、。,PCBs。,80,、PCBs[16],,、。PCBs,,PCBs2t[17]。,PCBs90%,PCBs50%[18]。,,,,,,。,,。2080,、1300,,[5]。4.3　,,。,PCDD/Fs:,,,。,、、、。,、[13]。,1t,1/5。PCDDsPC-DFs15.76～25.47μg/g2.26～4.74μg/g。,2PCDDsPCDFs90kg[7]。,PCDDsPCDFs,PCDDsPCDFs4.4t5.7t。,,PCDDsPCDFs5.41kg[13]。5　5.1　/,,100,264,417,241,74,175,400[2]。POPs。POPs,,。、、、、、POPs[19]。[20]PCBs,,。[21]176339,,PCBs0.204～2.473μg/L,(PCBs0.014μg/L)。,。[22]PCBs20μg/kg,PCBs15.13～57.93μg/kg,。[23]PCDD/Fs。,PCDD/Fs,,PCDD/FsHpCDDsOCDDs。[24]、,,,。DDTDDE,。5.2　[25],。,HCH24.7～33.5ng/g,30.2ng/g,1410。HCH,35.5ng/g,,;DDT6.0～12.6ng/g,7.9ng/g,348。HCHDDTHCHDDT,,HCHDDT。5.3　HCHDDT20,1mg/kg。1988,,[26]。[27]1991～1992、,,DDT。[28],416HCH,,80,30,HCH,,。6　POPs,,POPs,POPs,,。,POPs,。POPs,、。　　(1)POPs,、,POPs。(2),。(3)POPs。(4)POPs。(5),POPs。(6)。(7)POPs、。(8),POPs,POPs。:[1]　.[J].,1999,19(7):5-8.[2]　,,.[J].,2001,19(11):3-6.[3]　,,,.(POPs)[J].,2004,20(2):58-60.[4]　,.[J].,2003,4(6):49-55.[5]　.《》12[J].,2003,18(3):38-41.[6]　,,,.[J].,2007,32(5):38-42.[7]　,,.:[J].,2001,19(4):37-40.[8]　,.[J].,2008,35(2):45-47.176411:[9]　FieiderH.Internationalsymposiumonchiorinateddioxinsandreiatedcompoundsfederaienvironmentalagencyvien-na[J].OrganohalogenCompounrs,1993,13:403-406.[10]NakaiK,SuzukiK,OkaT,etal.Thetobokustudyofchilddevelopment:Acohortstudyofeffectsofperinatalexpo-surestomethylmercuryandenvironmentallypersistentor-ganicpollutantsonneurobchavionaldevelopmentinjapa-nesechildren[J].TohokuJExpMed,2004,202(3):227-237.[11]HarddellL,YanBavelB,LindstromG,etal.Concentra-tionsofpolyhlorinatedbiphenylsinbloodandtheriskfortesticularcancer[J].IntJAndyol,2004,27(5):282-290.[12],,,.[J].,2001,6(3):1-5.[13],,,.[J].:,2004,21(2):97-101.[14],.、[J].,1996,4(2):33-45.[15],.[J].,1998,11(3):23-25.[16],,.[J].,2000,45(15):1572-1583.[17],,,.[J].,2002,27(6):30-31.[18],,,.[J].,1999,17(1):45-49.[19]WuY,ZhangJ,ZhouQ.PersitentorganochlorineresiduesinsedimentsfromChineseriver/estuarysystems[J].En-vironmentalPollution,1999,105:143-150.[20],,,.[J].,2000,20():164-170.[21],,.———[J].,2002,22(6):788-791.[22],,,.[J].,2000,21(3):16-18.[23],,./(PCDD/F)[J].,1998,18(4):415-420.[24],,.[J].,1998,18(3):271-277.[25],,,.HCH、DDT[J].,2002,22(6):481-484.[26],,.[J].,2009,21(3):21-24.[27],.[J].,1993,6(5):6-10.[28],,.[J].,2007(3):82-83.(1760)[6]　,,,.Zn[J].,2008,44:484.[7]　,,,.-[J].,2008,44:485-486.[8]　.[J].,2008,44:694.[9]　,,,.[J].,2008,44:662-663.[10],.[J].,2008,44:536-537.[11],,,.2,2'-[J].,2008,44:584-585.[12],,.[J].,2008,44:590-591.[13],,,.[J].,2008,44:527-528.[14],,,.(Ⅱ)[J].,2008,44:529-530.[15],,,.SnBaeyer-Villiger[J].,2008,44:462-463.[16],,,.Ru(Ⅲ)[J].,2008,44:479-480.1765