过去完成时态1.过去完成时态表示的含义:表示一个动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成(既一个动作发生在过去的过去)。2.过去完成时态构成形式:had+过去分词3.过去完成时态的使用范围:出现在主从复合句中,常与that引导的宾语从句连用.例如:Hesaidthathehadneverseensuchabeautifulplacebefore.(先看见过,再说)LucytoldmethatshehadbeentoBeijingtwice.(先去过,再告诉我)出现在主从复合句中,常于when\before\after\assoonas引导的时间状语从句连用.注意:主句和从句应各自拥有主\谓\宾的结构.例如:YouhadcleanedtheclassroomwhenIgothere.MymotherhadcookedsupperbeforeIwenthome.MrLiuhadtaughtintheschoolfor38yearsbeforeIcamehere.IwenttobedafterIhadfinishedmyhomework.注意:在以上两种主从复合句中,经常存在两个动作,先发生的用过去完成时态,后发生的用一般过去时态.出现在简单句中,常于by(表示在…之前\到…的时候)\before构成的时间状语连用.by,before+过去的时间点;例如:Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkby11lastnight.Ihadreachedschoolbefore7o’clockthismorning.出现在简单句中,常于bytheendof(到…末为止)引导的时间状语连用.例如:Bytheendofthematch,wehadscored3goals.Wehadlearned1000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.(到上学期末为止,既单词是在上学期末之前学的)与bythetime(表示在…之前\到…的时候)构成的短语连用,例如:Bythetimewegotthere,thebushadalreadygone.(当我们到那的时候,车已经开走了).Bythetimetheycalled,Ihadleft.与as(表示象\按照)引导的从句连用.例如;Wedidashehadtoldus.(我们按照他告诉我们的去做)4.过去完成时态的各种句式:否定句:had+not+过去分词或hadn’t+过去分词一般疑问句:把had提到句首.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句语序Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkby11lastnight.Hehadlearned1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Ihadn’tfinishedmyhomeworkby11lastnight.Hehadn’tlearned1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Hadyoufinishedyourhomeworkby11lastnight?Hadhelearned1000wordsbytheendoflastterm?Yes,Ihad.No,Ihadn’t.Yes,hehad.No,hehadn’t.Ihadlearned4songsbytheendoflastterm.Howmanysongshadyoulearnedbytheendoflastterm?5.过去完成时态应注意的几个问题:在主从复合句中,如有after,before引导的时间状语从句,由于从句的动作和主句的动作发生的顺序已经非常明显,有时可用一般过去时态代替过去完成时态.例如:Hecalledmeafterhehadcomeback..===Hecalledmeafterhecameback.对于一连串的过去动作,相互之间衔接十分紧密,可以全部使用一般过去时态,不用过去完成时态.例如:Hegotupatsixyesterday,washed,brushedhisteeth,wentdownstairsandthendidmorningexercises.1)Petertoldusthathe____(finish)theworkalready.2)They_____(wait)fortwohourswhenhe_____(come).3)Whenwegottothestation,thetrain_____(leave)already.4)Shemadealotoffriendsaftershe_____(study)inthisschoolforthreemonths.5)Hesaidthathe______(notgo)onthetripwithusbecausehe_____(be)theretwice.6)We______(learn)morethan700wordsbytheendoflastyear.7)Tedwenttotheclassagaintogetthebookhe_____(leave)there.8)Bytheendoflastweekwe_____(plant)400treesinourschool.9)HesaidthatMary_____(go)toLondonnextmonth.