搜索
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中担当某一成份。关系代词和关系副词的作用：先行词指物时，关系代词用that或which（在句中作主语或宾语）。如：Chinaisacountrywhich/thathasalargepopulation.Thecomputergamewhich/thatheisplayingishisfavorite.先行词指人时，关系代词用（who）作主语或宾语，whom(作宾语)，whose(作定语)，that(作主语或宾语)。如：Themanwhoismendingthemachinehasbeenretired.Thisisthepolicemanwho/whomtheyweretalkingaboutyesterday.Ilikethegirlwhosemotherisanactor.注意：下列情况下关系代词只用that而不用which或who。先行词是指物的不代词，如：all,little,few,much,none,anything,nothing,everything等时。如：Ididn'tunderstandthewordsallthathesaid.2．先行词由最高级、序数词以及any,very,only,all,no,just等所修饰。如：ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavebeento.行词既包括人，也包括物。如：Theyalwaysliketotalkaboutthemanandthethingsthattheyseeontheroad.当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。如：whoisthemanthatopenedupthelab.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！Heisafriend______canhelpyouintimeofneed.A.whoheB.whoseC./D.who解析：引导词在定语从句中做主语，指人。应选D。Themostimportantthing______weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.A.which,thatB.that,whichC.which,whichD.that,that解析：先行词前有序数词，最高级时，引导次只能用that.应选D.Thisistheonlyoneofthesebooksthat______worthreading.A．hasB.haveC.isD.are解析：引导词that在句中作主语，代指one，应选C。Theman______talkedtoyoujustnowismyfather.A.whoB.heC.whichD.whose解析：引导词在句中作主语指人，应选A.Theythoughttoomuchabout______.A.whichIhadsaidB.whatIhadsaidC.thatIhadsaidD.Ihadsaid解析：此题引导词作在从句中作宾语，表示说话的内容，应选B。练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！一、选择最佳答案填空：1．Didyoufindthenotebook______Jimhadgivenmeformybirthday?A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose2.That'sall______Ihaveseenandheard.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.what3.Haveyouseentheman______planweweretalkingabout______yesterday?A.who,themB.its,themC.whose,/D.whose,them4.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizes______offeredtoanyChineseactororactresssofar.A.whicharenotB.thathavenotbeenC.thathasnotD.thathasnotbeen5.Heneverreadsanything______isnotworthreading.A.thatB.asC.whoD.which6.Theman________coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.A.who'sB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich7._________cleanstheclassroomcangohomefirst.A.AnyoneB.thosewhooC.HoweverD.Theonewho8.Thepolicecaughttheman_______stolemyhandbag.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which9.Thegirl________isreadingunderthetree________mysister.A.which,isB.whom,wasC.who,isD.who,was10.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishteacher_______lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which1-5CDCBA6-10BDBCAHenrywasanofficeworkerinabigcity.Henrywasanofficeworkerinabigcity.Heworkedveryhardandenjoyedtravelinginhisholidays.Heusuallywenttotheseaside,butoneyearhesawanadvertisementinanewspaper.“Enjoycountrylife.SpendafewweeksatWestHillFarm.Goodfood.Freshair.Horseriding.Walking.Fishing.Cheapandinteresting.”“Thissoundsagoodidea,”hethought.“I’llspendamonthatWestHillFarm.IthinkIcanenjoyhorseriding,walkingandfishing.They’llmakeachangefromsittingbytheseasideandswimming.”Hewrotetothefarmer.IntheletterhesaidthathewouldliketospendallofJulythere.ThenonthefirstofJuly,heleftforWestHillFarm.Butfourdayslater,hereturnedhome.“WhatwaswrongwithWestHillFarm?”hisbestfriend,Ed,askedhim.“Didn’tyouenjoycountrylife?”“Countrylifewasverygood,”Henrysaid.“Buttherewasanotherproblem.”“Oh.What?”“Well,”hesaid,“thefirstdayIwasthereasheepdied,andwehadroastmuttonfordinner.”“What'swrongwiththat?”Edasked.“Freshmeatisthebest.”“Iknow,butontheseconddayacowdied,andwehadroastbeeffordinner.”“Luckyyou!”“Youdon'tunderstand,”Henrysaid.“Onthethirddayapigdiedandwehadroastporkfordinner.”“Adifferentmeateveryday,”Edsaidloudly,“andyouarecomplaining!”“Letmefinish,”Henrysaid.“Onthefourthdaythefarmerdied,andIdidn'tdare(敢)stayfordinner!”1.HowdidHenryfindoutaboutthefarm?A.Hesawitinanewspaperadvertisement.B.Hisbestfriendtoldhim.C.Hewrotetothefarmer.D.Maybehelearneditfromtheradio.2.Henrycamebackhomeseveraldayslaterbecause________.A.hedidn'tlikethecountrylifeatallB.thefarmerwasn’tfriendlytohimC.hisholidaywasoverD.hethoughthemighthavetoeatthefarmer3.“…andyouarecomplaining!”,theword“complain”means______.A.夸奖B.解释C.抱怨D.故弄玄虚4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?A.Edcouldeatadifferentkindofmeateveryday.B.Henrythoughthecouldenjoyachange.C.Henrycouldn'tthinkofanythingelsetodo,sohewenttothefarm.D.Thefarmerdiedbecauseofthebadmeatheate.5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whatabeautifulfarm!B.Haveagoodtime.C.AshortholidayD.Henryandthefarmer.Afarmerhadacow.Afarmerhadacow.Hetookverygoodcareofthiscowandonedaywhenitwasill,hewasveryworried.Hetelephonedthevet.“What’stheproblem?”Thevetaskedhimwhenhearrived.“Mycow’sill,”thefarmersaid.“Idon’tknowwhat'sthematterwithher.She’slyingdownandwon’teat.She’smakingastrangenoise.”Thevetlookedoverthecow.She’scertainlyill,hesaid,andsheneedstotakesomeverystrongmedicine.Hetookabottleoutofhisbox,puttwopillsintohishandandsaid,Giveherthese.Thepillsshouldmakeherbetter.“HowshouldIgivethemtoher?”thefarmerasked.Thevetgavehimatube(管子)andsaid,Putthistubeinhermouth,thenputthepillsinthetubeandblow.That’llmakeit.Thenextdaythevetcametothefarmagain.Thefarmerwassittingoutsidehishouseandlookedmoreworried.“How’syourcow?”thevetasked.“Nochange,”thefarmersaid,“andI’mfeelingverystrangemyself.”“Oh?”thevetsaid,Why?“I