40定语从句解剖及详解资料

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1.何为定语从句?•定语从句—AttributiveClause•定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语等来担任。如果一个句子担任定语,这个句子就叫定语从句。•定语从句可以修饰名词或代词,还能修饰整个句子。如1.Themanwho(that)camefirstisJohn.修饰名词man2.Thehandkerchiefwhich(that)yougavemewasn’tclean.修饰名词handkerchief3..Myfatherdoesmorningexerciseeveryday,whichisgoodforhishealth.修饰整个句子2.定语从句的构成定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词,而引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词和关系副词)。关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。如:Therewasayoungmanwholikedpaintings.句中,who为关系代词,定语从句wholikedpaintings修饰先行词ayoungman。再如:ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.句中,where为关系副词,定语从句whereIlivedlastyear修饰先行词thehouse。3.关系词以及注意点关系代词有which,that,who(m),whose;关系副词有when,where,why注意:关系词既代替前面的先行词在从句中担任一定的成分,又把两个句子连接起来,构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。例如:两个简单句Thankyoufortherecord.+Yougavemetherecord.主从复合句Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougaveme.Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougavemetherecord.(F)Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougaveittome.(F)说明:关系代词which/that代替前面的先行词therecord,已经在从句中担任宾语,所以再在从句中加therecord或it就重复了。4.关系词如何用?•关系代词•当关系代词在从句中作主语时,指人用关系代词who,that;指物用which,that.如:Themanwho/thatsatbesidemewasexcited.Thecarwhich/thatisoverthereismyfavorite.•当关系代词在从句中作宾语时,指人用关系代词whom/that/who(非正式),指物用关系代词which/that,口语中可以省略。如:Thedoctorwhom/that/shevisitedisfamous.Theblousewhich/that/shetriedonwassmall.•当关系代词在从句中作定语,表示所有关系时,用whose(既指人也指物)如:Iliveinahousewhosedoorfaceswest.Iknowawomanwhosedaughterdied.4.关系词如何用?•注意:在下列情况下,无论关系代词在定语从句中是作主语还是宾语,指人还是指物,都用that•1.先行词带有最高级形容词,或有only,all等词修饰时;如:ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Youaretheonlypersonthatcanhelpme.•2.先行词为all,something,anything等不定代词时;如:Youcantakeanythingthatyoulike.AllthatIhaveisgivenbymyparents.•3.先行词既指人又指物时;如:Doyouknowthepeopleandthingsthattheyaretalkingabout?4.关系词如何用?•关系副词关系副词when,where,why分别表示时间,地点和原因,在定语从句中起状语的作用。如:Hetoldmethedatewhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.(相当于onwhich)Thisistheplacewhereheworks.(相当于atwhich)Nooneknowsthereasonwhyhesuddenlydied.•注意:如果先行词是reason,关系词为why,that或省略。Thereasonwhy/that/hechangedhismindisnotclear.Thereasonwhy/that/shedidn’tgetthejobwasthatherEnglishwasnotgood.5.更多的例句1.Thehousewhich(that)standsonthehillismine.山上的那所房子是我的。(关系代词在从句中作主语)2.Iknowtheboywhoseparentsaredead.我认识那个父母双亡的小男孩。(关系代词在从句中作定语,修饰parents)3.ThisistheparkwhereIlostmywallet.这就是我丢失钱包的公园。(关系副词在从句中作地点状语,相当于there/inthepark.)4.Hedecidedtomovetoabigcitywherehecouldfindabetterjob.他决定移居到一个可以找到更好工作的大城市。5.Thewomanwho(that)isspeakingatthemeetingismymother.正在会上讲话的妇女是我的妈妈。6.基础练习把下面的句子改成定语从句:1.Iknowtheboy.HecanspeakEnglishwell.2.Maryboughtalittlebird.Itwasverypretty.3.Theseasonissummer.Itcomesafterspring.4.Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisateacher5.Thatbuildingismyuncle’shouse.Itswalliswhite.6.Heisasinger.Ilikehissongsverymuch.7.ThemanwasAmerican.Ispoketohimyesterday.8.Ican’tfindthehouse.Myfriendlivesinit.9.Iknowtheboy.Youarelookingforhim.10.Thisisthetown.Hewasborninthetown.6.基础练习选择:1.Isthatthehouse__youboughtlastyear?A.whereB.Which2.Isthatthepicture__youarelaughingat?A.WhichB.where3.Itisthemostinterestingbook__I’lleverread.A.whichB.that4.Thestreet----istotheparkisverynarrow.A.whereB.whichKey:1.B2.A3.B4.B6.基础练习5.Theperson__findsmywatchwillgetareward.A.whoB.when6.Thisistheroom__welistenedtothelecture.A.whichB.where7.Theboy__motherisillcannotcometotheparty.A.WhoB.Whose8.Tellmethereason__youarelate.A.whichB.whyKey:5.A6.B7.B8.B6.基础练习填空:1.Lookatthatlady___nameisPochi.2.Heisateacher___Ilikeverymuch.3.Thosepictures___weredrawnbyTomarenice.4.Those___willgototheparkstayhere.5.Thatwasallthemoney___Ihad.6.Tomisthefirstboy___lefttheroom.7.Lookattheboyandhisdog___arecomingthisway.8.Youcanreadanybook___Ihave.9.Thatwastheyear___IwenttoAmerica.10.wecametothetown,___westayedfor2hours.Key.1.whose2.whom/that/3.which/that4.who5.that6.that7.that8.that/9.when10.where6.基础练习•翻译1.他指给我看他丢钱包的地方.Heshowedmetheplacewherehelosthiswallet.2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩Idon’tknowthegirlwhom/thatyouspeakto.3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩.SheisagirlwhoiscalledMary.4.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友.Thoseboyswhoareplayingtennisaremyfriends.5.你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天?Doyourememberthedaywhenwearrivedhere?;投票平台hxh81kyd能跑去见她,否则人人都要嘲笑,而她恐怕要羞愤交加、对他大大的生起气来。唉,他是多么盼望洞房的日子早一些到!同时,又害怕那日子早些到。洞房……他要怎样应付洞房?他还不如上战场呢!在战场上,即使你战败了,还可以光荣的自尽,在洞房里,倘使你表现得不如人意,在那可人儿面前,岂不是连自尽的余地都没有,只剩永远的羞愧了吗?唐静轩脸色苍白,不期然的考虑起逃跑的问题来。在那大日子之前,逃吧,逃吧!怎么样?反正他无论如何都想不出在那天,他要怎么表现,才能满足一个丈夫的光荣。太过勇武,会不会伤着她?太过软弱,会不会丢人?他没有经验、方寸大乱,溃败几乎是一定的了!他躲在房间里,把纸上涂满莫名其妙的墨迹、揉坏了丢了一地,拉起衣襟,想偷看一眼自己的武器,又重重的把衣襟扔回去,托着额头,大大的生起自己的气来。而苏家这边,因苏小横和太守等人的来到,气氛空前热烈。不但嘉颜忙,大太太、二太太也心慌意乱的帮起忙来,竭她们所能,要让一切到位,绝不能在太守面前丢脸!这是有关苏家地位、家运的大事,她们都有觉悟了。晚宴的正厅,有两层,朗轩大窗,从窗口望出去,可以很容易的看见搭在水边的戏台。戏目一折一折连下去,已经唱了一天了,还在继续,隔着水传来,鼓弦仍然声声入耳,如今上演的是《上天台》,又是热闹戏。此时原非热闹戏不可,因宾客们在觥筹交错、大快朵颐之时,是没有多少精力关注台上的悲欢离合的,他们只要耳朵里灌进一点兴兴轰轰的乐器声,眼角瞄到有几个全副打扮的人在台上卖力折腾,这就够了。直到酒足饭饱。第六十八章死因初晓谁怜月(1)嘉颜领着几个老成的家人媳妇,张罗着引领诸人离开汁水狼籍、盘污杯横的餐桌,移步水轩品茗消食。这里离戏台更近了,但没有下午时那小阁子贴着戏台,与台之间还是隔了一汪水波。轩边周围一圈儿的落地窗格,天暖时都可打开,外头还衬了一圈的列柱圆廊,种了些丁香、山梅、忍冬,廊下看月看水看花叶,是相当不错的。此时实在太冷,只开了朝戏台的四扇。屋子不大,火烧得又旺,开个窗子透透风也好,嘉颜仍命人传了不少毯子斗篷来,令贵客们还觉得冷的话,该铺可铺、该裹可裹。老太太怕冷,叫了条绿闪锦库金缘海棠细纹的毯子来铺在膝盖上,其他各人要选的也都选了,茶水点心摆到位,戏台上忽静了静,既无人出来,也无管弦,连那苍茫的冷月,也都静了。耳畔唇间,低低有人传说,压轴的,是锁麟囊。蝶宵华的锁麟囊,唱整本,足足要一个时辰出头。于是再没人说什么了,都静着,连声咳嗽都没有,且等管弦。鼓点终于起来,“哎呀”一娇声,却不是正主儿,而是个翠花插鬓、朱砂点额的俏丫头,出来插科打

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