AASHTO

AASHTOStrategicHighwaySafetyPlanAComprehensivePlantoSubstantiallyReduceVehicle-RelatedFatalitiesandInjuriesontheNation’sHighwaysTheAASHTOBoardofDirectorsfirstapprovedthisdocumentinDecember1997bymorethantherequiredtwo-thirdsmajorityvote.ItwasrevisedandupdatedwithcurrentdatainDecember2004,buttheemphasisareasandstrategiesidentifiedintheoriginalplanremainthesame.TheNCHRPSeries500guidesreferredtothroughoutthisdocumentprovideupdatedstrategiesforsignificantlyreducingroadwayinjuriesandfatalities.PublishedbytheAmericanAssociationofStateHighwayandTransportationOfficials.444NorthCapitolStreet,NW,Suite249Washington,DC20001(202)624-5800(202)624-5806(fax)Website:©2005bytheAmericanAssociationofStateHighwayandTransportationOfficials.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisdocumentmaybereproducedinanyformwithouttheexpresswrittenconsentofthepublisher.NWFOADTAGLNIITVIIERSDTOOLSFORLIFETableofContents1IntroductionSectionI:TheAASHTOInitiative3ImplementationStrategies3MovingfromPlantoAction3Widespread,timelyutilizationofproven,effectivestrategies.4TheAASHTOLeadStatesProgram4ScopeoftheProblem5FundingNeeds6FundingRequirementsandBenefits6FundingConsiderations7SafetyGoal7SummarySectionII:ThePlanElements9Part1:Drivers10InstitutingGraduatedLicensingforYoungDrivers11EnsuringDriversAreFullyLicensedandCompetent11SustainingProficiencyinOlderDrivers12CurbingAggressiveDriving13ReducingImpairedDriving14KeepingDriversAlert15IncreasingDriverSafetyAwareness17Part2:SpecialUsers17MakingWalkingandStreetCrossingSafer19EnsuringSaferBicycleTravel20Part3:Vehicles20ImprovingMotorcycleSafetyandIncreasingMotorcycleAwareness22MakingTruckTravelSafer23IncreasingSafetyEnhancementsinVehicles24Part4:Highways24ReducingVehicle–TrainCrashes25KeepingVehiclesontheRoadway27MinimizingtheConsequencesofLeavingtheRoad28ImprovingtheDesignandOperationofHighwayIntersections30ReducingHead-OnandAcross-MedianCrashes31DesigningSaferWorkZones32Part5:EmergencyMedicalServices32EnhancingEmergencyMedicalCapabilitiestoIncreaseSurvivability34Part6:Management34ImprovingInformationandDecisionSupportSystems36CreatingMoreEffectiveProcessesandSafetyManagementSystems38WantMoreInformation?IntroductionAchildborntodaycanexpecttoliveanaverageof78years.That’sthegoodnews.Thebadnewsisthatoneoutofevery90childrenborntodaywilldieviolentlyinamotorvehiclecrash.And70ofevery100willbeinjuredinahighwaycrashatsomepointduringtheirlives,manymorethanonce.Beginningalifewithsuchhighpotentialformotorvehicle-relateddeathandinjuryisunnecessaryandshouldnotbeacceptableintoday’ssociety,becausethemeanstopreventsignificantnumbersofhighwaycrashes,deaths,andinjuriesarereadilyavailable.Awell-planned,coordinatedapproachtoimprovingroadwaysafetythatinvolvesallelementsofthetrafficsafetycommunityfocusesonlow-cost,day-to-dayimprovements,andeffectivelyimplementsnewstrategiescansubstantiallyreducethenation’shighwaydeathtollandimprovethefutureoutlookfortoday’snewcitizens.ThisStrategicHighwaySafetyPlan(SHSP)andthetoolsdevelopedtofacilitateitsimplementationofferstateandlocaltransportationandsafetyagenciesalife-savingblueprintreadyforapplicationindevelopingcomprehensivehighwaysafetyplans.AASHTOStrategicHighwaySafetyPlan1DATANWFOADTAGLNIITVIIERSDTOOLSFORLIFESectionITheAASHTOInitiativeIn2003,theAASHTOBoardofDirectors,theGovernorsHighwaySafetyAssocia-tion,theAmericanAssociationofMotorVehicleAdministrators,andtheU.S.De-partmentofTransportationsetasagoalthereductionofthenation’shighwayfa-talityrateby2008tonotmorethanonefatalityper100millionvehiclemilestrav-eled.Reducingthefatalityrateonstreetsandroadscanbeachievedmostefficientlyifallstatestakeaimatsignificanthighwaysafetychallengesinwaysthatutilizegoodplanningandeffectivecoordinationofallavailableresources.In1996,therealreadywasarecognizedneedforastrategicplantoaddresscriti-calhighwaysafetyproblems.Latethatyearandearlyin1997,theAASHTOStandingCommitteeforHighwayTrafficSafety(SCOHTS),alongwiththeFederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA),theNa-tionalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministra-tion(NHTSA),andtheTransportationResearchBoard’sCommitteeonTrans-portationSafetyManagement,convenedameetingofnationalsafetyexpertsindriver,vehicle,andhighwayissues.Theparticipants,whosemissionwastodevelopastrategichighwaysafetyplan,includedarangeofstakeholdersrepre-sentingtheprivateandpublicsectors,in-cludingrepresentativesfrom:ýStatesandcountiesýUnitedStatesDepartmentofTransportationModalAdministrationsýAmericanAssociationofStateHighwayandTransportationOfficialsýGovernorsHighwaySafetyAssociationýNationalTransportationSafetyBoardýMothersAgainstDrunkDrivingýInsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafetyýAmericanAutomobileAssociationTrafficSafetyFoundationýAmericanAssociationofMotorVehicleAdministratorsýAmericanAssociationofRetiredPersonsýNationalSafetyCouncilýBicycleFederationofAmericaýAmericanTruckingAssociationýTransportationResearchBoardýAmericanRoadandTransportationBuildersAssociationýRoadwaySafetyFederationýAmericanTrafficSafetyServicesAssociationýGeneralMotorsCorporationýAcademiaýRailroadindustryýInsuranceindus