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Unit112019-3-162019-3-161.Liveon继续存在，继续生存靠…过活，以…为食Eg:IhadtoliveonbreadandwaterwhenIwasastudent.我上大学时只能靠粗茶淡饭过活。liveby靠…谋生liveoff靠…供养，依赖…生活liveover重温，重新过liveout实现beabouttodowhenIamabouttogooutwhenthebellrings.Livethrough度过，经受住Liveupto遵守，符合，不辜负livewith与…一起生活，忍受，忍耐liveinhope(s)(ofsth)满怀希望22019-3-162019-3-162.bymeansof…用…办法；借助…eg:weexpressourfeelingsbymeansofwords.我们用语言来表达感情。bynomeans决不；一点也不byallmeans一定；当然可以byanymeans不顾一切，不惜以任何方式bythismeans通过这种方式eg:Readthebookbyallmeans一定要读读这本书33.makealife习惯于新的生活方式eg:Manyfarmersgotothebigcitiestomakealife.bemadefrom/of由…制成bemadeupof由…组成make(a)difference有关系，有影响makeaface做鬼脸makeone’sliving维持生活4makeclear表明，说明，讲清楚makeendsmeet量入为出makesense讲的通，有意义makesure(certain)of确定；确保makeuseof好好利用makefunofsb取笑某人makeprogress取得进步makeroomfor为…让地makeupone’smindtodo下定决心做某事54.electvt选择，决定做某事，选举某人eg:theyelectedhimtospeakatthemeeting他们推举他在会上发言electionn.选举electricadj.电的electricaladj.电的，电气科学的辨析：electric指靠电力操作或由电力生产的东西，如：anelectricfan电扇Anelectricclockelectrical指与电力有关的特品或人员。如：electricalengineer电气工程师anelectricalfault电路故障electsbtodo选举某人做某事65.keepup坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗，传统等）eg:Hecankeepupuntilteno'clocktonight.今天晚上他能坚持到10点钟睡。keepupwith跟上，赶上，不落后keepapromise信守诺言keeparecord做记录保持纪录keepasecret保密keepbodyandsoultogether维持生活keepsilence保持安静，保持沉默keepone’sbalance保持平衡keepback留下，阻止，隐瞒，拒绝，泄露keepfrom避开，阻止，抑制，使不做keepoff让开，不接近（雨雪等）未下silentquietcalmstillnotuntil1.强调句2.倒装句沉默安静风平浪静心情平静动作一动不动7keepto坚持不离开，遵循keepout使在外，留在外面keepoutof置身于…之外keepon坚持（干）继续前进，保持keepintouchwith与…保持联系keep…inmind记住，想着，把…记在心里keepdown抑制，控制keepat坚持，纠缠，督促keepaway避开，不靠近，离开86.boomn.(人口，贸易的）繁荣vi处于经济迅速发展时期eg:Chinahasbeenenjoyingaboominscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment.中国已进入了科学技术发展的繁荣时期Thesteelindustryisbooming钢铁工业迅速发展98.occurvi发生，出现Eg:Putnumbersnexttoallthethingsintheordertheyoccur.按他们的发生顺序将其编号Occurrencen.事件，出现Eg:thissortofincidentisaneverydayoccurrence.这类事情简直都是家常便饭109.indicatevt.指出，标出，表明，暗示eg:Asignpostindicatedtherightroadforustofollow.一个路标给我们指出应走的路。Indicationn.迹象，指示Indicatorn.迹象，标志eg:Allthemaineconomicindicatorssuggestthattradeisimproving.所有的主要经济指标都表明贸易正在改善。cooker炊具heater加热器1110.backtoback背靠背Eg:Ourseatsonthetrainwerebacktoback.我们在火车上的坐位是背靠背的。facetoface面对面（adv.作状语）face-to-face（adj.作定语）shouldertoshoulder肩并肩hearttoheart心连心handinhand手牵手sidebyside并排的1211.Slipvi.滑动，滑行，滑跤滑动，滑倒，小失误，差错。eg:ThenXiaoxislippedandhurthislegsandarms.然后晓玺滑倒了，摔伤了腿和胳膊。n.Herecitedthewholepoemwithoutmakingasingleslip.他一字不差的背诵了全诗。1312.teamupwith与…合作或一起工作eg:Hedidn'twanttoteamupwithanybody.他不想与任何人合作。teamup结对，合作ateamof…一组，一批teamspirit协作精神teammaten.[c]队友teamworkn.[u]合作，协作，配合1413.hirevt&n租用，雇用eg:hehiredhimselftoworkinthefieldsforonesummer.他曾受雇在田里干一个夏天的活。Howmuchisthehireofthehouse?这间房子的租金是多少？hireout出租，应雇hireoneselfto受雇于on/forhire供出租，应雇用1514.markout用线画出范围，标出…界限eg:Theyscratchedlinesinthedirttomarkoutapitch.他们在地上划出一个球场。makeone’smark出名，成功leave/makeone’smarkonsb.留下持久印象markdown记下，降低…的价格，降低…的分数markoff划出，划线分隔出markout划线标出markup提高…的价格,提高...的分数1615.takein包括，吸收eg:Theclubtookinanewmemberlastweek.俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。takeback收回，接收，退回，让退（货）takebackto使回想起takeamessagefor给…捎个信takeaway拿走takeapart拆开takechargeof掌管负责17takedown1.写下、记下2.拆下3.拿开4.咽下takeiteasy别着急，别紧张takeafter相像、相似takealong随身携带，带领takeoff脱下、起飞、休假、取消、移开、减掉、除去、模仿、成名takeon呈现、雇佣、聘用、接受、承担takeout把···拿出来，取出，带····出去takeplace发生、举行Takeone`splace=taketheplaceof.....坐某人座位、代替某人的职务。Takeone`sturn依次，轮流18Takepartin参加joininTakeup拿起，从事，占用，着手处理，进行Takeover接替，接管，继承，借用，承蒙Takein收留，包括，理解，欺骗Takepridein以…自豪，对…感到自信=beproudof1916.distinctadj.清晰的，明显的，明确的eg:Therewasadistinctsmellofgas.有一股明显的煤气味。distinctionn.差别，区分，卓著eg:Weneedtodrawadistinctionbetweenthetwoevents.我们得把两起事件区别开来distinctiveadj.独特的，特别的，有特色的2017.majorityn.大多数，大半amajority多数的eg:Inthenursingprofssion,womenareina/themajority.女性在护理行业中占大多数aminority少数的eg:OnlyaminorityofBritishhouseholdsdonothaveacar.英国只有少数家庭没有汽车。倒装部分倒装完全倒装否定含义词Onlysoneither…nor虚拟语气，省略if祝福语notonly…butalso动词提前2118.hardshipn.苦难，困苦eg:itwasnohardshiptowalkhomeonsuchalovelyevening.在这么一个宜人的傍晚步行回家一点也不辛苦同义词：difficultysuffering2219.racialadj.人种的，种族的racen.赛跑eg:theyhavepledgedtoendracialdiscriminationinareasuchasemployment他们已经保证在诸如就业等方面停止种族歧视2320.crossingn.横渡，横越，十字路口，人行横道Crossacrossprep./adv.overthrough的区别2421.nephewn.侄子，外甥grandson孙子granddaughter孙女表姑/表叔Secondcousin公公father-in-law婆婆mother-in-law嫂/嫂子sister-in-law堂兄弟Paternalmalecousin堂姊妹Paternalfemalecousin女婿Son-in-law继父Stepfather继母Stepmother表兄弟malecousin表姊妹femalcousin2522.socialistn.社会主义者，社会党人adj.社会主义者asocialishcountry社会主义国家socialismn.社会主义2623.apparentadj.显而易见的，显然的，表面上的apparentlyadv.显然的，显而易见的eg:Itwasapparentfromherfacethatshewasreallyupset从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱eg:Hepausedapparentlylostinthought他停顿下来，显然陷入了沉思2724.punishmentn.处罚，惩罚punishableadj.可以惩罚的，可以处罚的（尤指）应该办的punishv.处罚，惩罚eg:hewassenttohisroomasapunishment.他被罚回到他的房间2825.justicen.正义，公平eg:theyaredemandingeqyalrightsandjustice他们要求平等的权利和公平的待遇2926.authorityn.权威，权利，当局，官方eg:Thegovernmentisthehighestauthorityinthecountry.政府是国家的最高权力机构。3027.agreat/goodmany许多，很多eg:Thereareagreat/goodmanypeopleinthehall.大厅里有很多人3128.applyfor申请，请示得到eg:MyfriendsurgedthatI(should)applyforthejob.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。3229.nowhereadv.无处，到处都无Eg:Icouldfindh