《1587136762994》棱柱体水面线计算58.0566m3/s2.99m29.81m10m0.28610.0250Qh0bmnii1/2((b+mh)h)5/32h(1+m2)1/258.150.4810.0000.0250.28610.53513.40.97QBqq2gαhk58.0566105.8133.719.811.051.53Q=[((b+mh)h)5/3i0.5]/[n(b+2h(1+m2)0.5)2/3]陡槽底坡(i):陡槽糙率(n):陡槽边坡(m):hk=(αq2/g)1/32.2求临界水深(hk)的计算:计算公式2水面线的定性分析2.1正常水深(h0)的计算:计算公式溢洪道最大下泄流量(Q):堰上总水深(h):陡槽长(L):陡槽宽(B):1.2陡槽资料:(由设计确定)。《水库溢洪道用分段求和法计算水面线》(棱柱体)1、基本资料1.1洪水资料:(洪水资料由调洪演算成果所得).总9页~第1页《1587136762994》棱柱体水面线计算BkhkmωkXkRknCkik101.53015.3413.071.170.02541.080.0072hhk0.481.53iik0.28610.0072hkhc⊿h1.530.481.062.4.1水流的流态为急流3.3计算水面线3.3.2分段并确定各段的计算水深为陡坡,水面线为aⅡ型雍水曲线。2.3求临界坡降ik2.4水的流态及水面线定性2.4.2水面线的类型计算公式ik=gXk/αCk2Bk计算式⊿h=hk-hc全长水位差(⊿h)3计算水面线3.1计算方法3.3.1控制水深3.2基本公式分段求和法((hi+v2/2g)-(hi+1+v2i+1/2g))/⊿L=i-J水流从缓流过渡到急流必须要经过临界水深hk,该临界水深即为控制水深。总9页~第2页《1587136762994》棱柱体水面线计算h1h2h3h4h5h6h7h8h9h101.532.521.51V12/2gEs1=h1+V12/2g同理,可求得X2、R2、C2、……直到所列断面。3.5计算平均水力坡度(J1-2):断面的水力要素:X1=b+2h1(1+m)0.5R1=ω1/X1C1=R11/6/n平均水力坡度(J1-2):(J1-2)=V均2/C均2R均V均=(V1+V2)/2;R均=(R1+R2)/2;C均=(C1+C2)/23.6计算两断面间的距离(L1):分别求出:同理,可求得h2、ω2、V2、Es2……直到所列断面。两断面的比能差(⊿Es1-2):⊿Es1-2=Es1-Es2ω1=(b+mh1)h1V1=Q/ω1L1=⊿Es1-2/(i-J1-2)3.7按上述各式列表计算:表式及计算见《棱柱体水面线计算表》1~1断面:由已知的:分段计算,定各断面计算水深(h)3.4计算两断面的比能差(⊿Es1-2):h1总9页~第3页《1587136762994》棱柱体水面线计算断面hωVv2/2g(m)Es⊿EsXRCJi-J⊿LΣ⊿L0.48m[V]12.10m/s10α—5计算边墙高度(H):系数,α=1.0~1.3H=ha+⊿4计算掺气后的水深(ha):计算公式:ha=h(1+αV/100)0.22560325.090.2837560.742.443.1928.280.0053520.2807440.760.0604930.0014140.2846821.701.700.00234144.4014.801.6243.360.210.215.6614.201.4842.7012.801.0940.60计算公式:12.107.467.94要考虑掺气对水深的影响。10.960.4434.863.8计算成果:陡槽末端水深(hc)=陡槽末端流速(V)=3~30.4821.0014.004.804~45~52.101.402.760.392.494.150.882.282~22.4024.002.420.302.70分段求和法棱柱体水面线计算表1~12.9929.901.940.193.180.4815.981.87总9页~第4页《1587136762994》棱柱体水面线计算ha—⊿—0.541.54边墙高(H)1~12~23~302.991.942.993.99计算水深(h)流速(v)掺气增加水深(hv)掺气后水深(ha)28.280.482.10断面陡槽距离(L)1.702.445~52.402.424~43.1912.100.06掺气后水深,2.103.102.403.404.150.06安全超高,一般为0.5~1.5米。陡槽掺气后水深及边墙高度2.761.462.461.40总9页~第5页《1587136762994》—非棱柱体水面线计算—392m3/sm90.7m60m400.20.014QBqq2gαhk392606.5342.689.8111.63BkhkωkXkRknαCk601.6397.9563.271.550.014176.83iik0.2000######0.211.5cosθ=0.98由于i=相当于坡角θ=溢洪道最大下泄流量(Q):堰上走水深(h):1.2陡槽资料:(由设计确定)。《水库溢洪道用分段求和法计算水面线》(非棱柱体)1、基本资料1.1洪水资料:(洪水资料由调洪演算成果所得).2水面线的定性分析计算公式hk=(αq2/g)1/32.1求临界水深(hk)的计算:陡槽长(L):陡槽首段宽(B1):陡槽底坡(i):陡槽糙率(n):陡槽末段宽(B2):2.4水面线的类型3.3.2计算第一断面的水力要素:3.2基本公式3.3计算水面线3.3.1控制水深2.3求临界坡降ik计算公式ik=gXk/αCk2Bkik0.0018(式中左端为已知值,右端为计算值)。由于水流进入陡槽时产生水跃,1-1断面处发生临界水深hk,该水深即为陡坡段水面曲线计算的控制水深。由于底坡较陡,应取与底坡相垂直的过水断面,因此,上游水深:h1=hkcosθ为陡坡,水面线为aⅡ型雍水曲线。3计算水面线3.1计算方法分段求和法Es1+i⊿L=Es2+J⊿L总9页~第6页《1587136762994》—非棱柱体水面线计算—0.77m[V]13.03m/s10α—5计算边墙高度(H):ha—⊿—1~18.971.636.021.631.002.632~29.170.878.700.871.001.873~318.140.7610.280.080.831.001.834~418.140.6911.540.080.771.001.775~518.140.7212.260.090.811.001.816~618.140.7712.790.100.871.001.87由临界水深(hk)计算:断面陡槽距离(L)ω2;X2;R2;C2;V2;Es2=h2+α2V22/2g分别试算:直试算到:Es2+J⊿L=或≈Es1+i⊿L时的水深,即为所求水深。R=(R1+R2)/2;C=(C1+C2)/2;V=(V1+V2)/2;J=V2/C2RJ⊿L;Es2+J⊿Lω1=b1h1;X1=b1+2h1;R1=ω1/X1;C1=R11/6/n;V1=Q/ω1;α1V12/2g;Es1=h1+α1V12/2g流速(v)掺气增加水深(hv/100)掺气后水深(ha)4计算掺气后的水深(ha):同理,按3.3.2,3.3.3的计算……直到所列断面。再计算:再由:再计算:i⊿L;Es1+i⊿L3.3.3假定2—2断面的水深h2,计算公式:ha=h(1+αV/100)3.3.4按上述各式列表计算:表式及计算见《非棱柱体水面线计算表》安全超高(H)边墙高(H)3.3.5计算成果:陡槽末端水深(hc)=由于槽内流速过大,要考虑掺气对水深的影响。计算水深(h)安全超高,一般为0.5~1.5米。分别求出:h1=hkcosθ陡槽掺气后水深及边墙高度系数,α=1.0~1.3计算公式:H=ha+⊿掺气后水深,陡槽末端流速(V)=总9页~第7页《1587136762994》非棱柱体水面线计算表QBihhcosθwvxRcαv2/2gEs⊿Li⊿LEs1+i⊿LRvcJJ⊿L⑴⑵⑶⑷⑸⑹⑺⑻⑼⑽⑾⑿⒀⒁⒂⒃⒄90.71.631.6095.994.0863.201.5242.890.85杨梅岭水库二级陡槽分段计算求和法非棱柱体明槽水面曲线表断面1~1392600.21.176.0240.810.022.458.971.794.244.079.170.172~2392580.20.870.8549.297.9541.469.460.778.7038.310.0759.700.8338.743.223~3392560.20.760.7457.480.7237.884.560.611.835.915.3018.1437.610.111.963.638.930.6910.280.690.6835.2911.114~4392520.28.7418.1453.360.6637.346.2937.350.146.9718.143.6310.607.9818.143.6311.612.615~5392480.20.700.6832.7511.970.6812.2637.470.1649.360.6637.367.300.6611.542.876~6392440.20.720.7131.2412.552.953.6312.360.7112.797~7392400.237.750.1645.420.6937.588.039.4141.500.7237.918.660.770.7530.0813.03总9页~第8页《1587136762994》非棱柱体水面线计算表Es2+J⊿L⒅杨梅岭水库二级陡槽分段计算求和法非棱柱体明槽水面曲线表4.245.918.9310.6011.6112.36总9页~第9页