搜索
河北工业大学博士学位论文基于情景的产品创新设计过程若干关键技术研究姓名：刘晓敏申请学位级别：博士专业：机械设计及理论指导教师：檀润华20070501ii基于情景的产品创新设计过程若干关键技术研究摘要产品创新关键是在概念设计阶段产生创新设想及获得创新原理解。为了不断发现新问题并满足新概念需求，提出驱动产品创新设计若干项关键技术，构建概念设计过程模型，提高产品创新设计效率，增加创新产品竞争力。（1）提出基于情景的类比设计方法。主要用于解决概念设计阶段通过源设计类比匹配而获得新目标设计的创新构想。描述了情景知识表示与类比设计思想、类比设计构成体系及情景知识表示与情景记忆过程。通过构建情景类比设计表示过程模型、类比推理框架设计模型、当前设计方案的情景类比创新设计模型及产品概念设计类比过程模型等来解决概念设计中的难题。（2）提出基于情景的TRIZ设计过程与方法。主要用于概念设计阶段创新设计冲突问题的解决，是解决如何做的问题。介绍了TRIZ基本思想、内容组成及其研究意义，描述了冲突分类、发明原理及冲突矩阵，探讨了产品技术进化过程中进化路线、进化模式、技术成熟度预测及其实现方法等内容。（3）提出基于情景的约束理论TOC（Theoryofconstraints）设计方法。主要用于发现冲突问题、确定并找到产生冲突问题的根原因，是解决要做什么的问题。提出一种情景知识驱动TOC与TRIZ两种理论相结合的设计过程模型。（4）提出基于情景的未预见发现UXD（Unexpecteddiscovery）设计方法。主要用于概念设计阶段获得产品创新设计构想。确定UXD概念及分类规则，优选设计目标及修正数据模型，构建UXD分析、资源回收、再表示法等模块。以房门和水龙头为例获得类比转换的结果，验证了UXD驱动产品创新设计的可行性。（5）提出与TRIZ领域问题解相应的设计实例作为类比源设计的观点。建立第一级类比过程模型，将该过程的结果作为情景，提出第二级类比过程模型。将两级类比过程模型集成为基于TRIZ的二级类比概念设计过程模型，由此获得领域问题的新概念解。选择与新问题相近的实例，完成该实例的提取、搜索、选择、匹配、调整及修改的求解过程。构建了实例推理求解问题的过程模型和实例推理驱动下的概念设计系统流程模型。提出一种TRIZ驱动产品创新概念类比设计过程模型。（6）利用TRIZ工具、情景类比设计SAD（Situationanalogydesign）知识、UXD方法、类比设计ABD（Analogy-baseddesign）、实例推理机制CBR（Case-basedreasoning）、FBS模式等构建概念设计阶段情景类比驱动产品创新的集成设计过程模型。提出水力旋流器单体概念结构设计流程模型。结合以往该单体实例设计分析，获得其理想的入口、旋流腔、大小锥段、尾管、溢流嘴等概念结构的原理及方案，并进行了其内部流场数值模拟技术分析，验证了数值模拟结果的正确性。情景类比驱动下的概念设计过程统一模型的建立能显著提高产品创新设计成功率。关键词：概念设计，创新设计，TRIZ，情景类比，未预见发现，类比设计，约束理论iiiRESEARCHONKEYTECHNOLOGIESOFSITUATEDDESIGNFORINNOVATIVEPROCESSABSTRACTConceptualdesignisthekeyphasewhichconfirmstheinnovativeideaandprinciplesolution.Inordertocontinuallydiscovernewproblemsandfulfillnewrequirements,severalkeytechnologiesforproductinnovationareproposedbyconstructingconceptualprocessmodel,whichwillincreasetheefficiencyofinnovativedesignandadvancetheinnovationofcompetitiveproduct.(1)Akindofsituatedanalogydesignisproposed,whichmainlyobtainsinnovativeideaofnewtargetdesignbymatchingwithinstancesourceinconceptualdesignphase.solving.Situatedknowledgeexpression,theanalogicalreasoningdesignmodelandsituatedanalogyinnovationdesignprocessmodelareconstructedtosolvedifficultproblemsinconceptualdesignphase.Thecomponentsystemofanalogicaldesign,situatedknowledgedenotationandsituatedmemoryprocessaredescribed.Theprocessmodelofanalogicaldesigncanhelptothesolutionofdesignproblemandapproachofinnovativedesign.(2)AkindofsituatedTRIZdesignprocessandmethodisdeveloped,whichismainlyusedforsolvingthecontradictioninconceptualdesignphase,andwhichisusedforhowtodo.Thethought,contentandmeaningofTRIZareintroduced,thecontradictionclassification,inventiveprinciplesandcontradictionmatrixaredescribed,thelinesandpatternsoftechnologyevolution,technologymaturitymappinganditsrealizationarediscussed.ThedesignplatformofproductinnovationbasedonTRIZisfoundedtosolvethecontradictionproblem.(3)AkindofsituatedTOC（Theoryofconstraints）methodisstudied,whichismainlyusedinfindingcontradictionofsystemandconfirmingrootcauseofcontradiction,andwhichisusedforwhattodo.Situatedknowledge,TOCandTRIZarecombinedtoformanintegrateddesignprocessmodelfordeterminingandsolvingcontradictionprobleminconceptualdesign.(4)AkindofsituatedUXD（Unexpecteddiscovery）methodisputforward,whichismainlyusedforobtaininginnovativevisualizationinconceptualdesign.UXDconceptsandclassificationrulesaredefined,thedesigntargetsareselected,thedatamodelsarecorrected,andthemodulesofUXDanalysis,resourcecallback,representation,etc.,areconstructed,finallytheresultofUXDarefeedbacktoinnovativedesign.Itistestifiedthesituatedanalogycaseofinnovativedesignisfeasiblebetweenatapandadoor.(5)TheTRIZsolutionsandcaseswereusedassourcedesignsandthestandardprocesswasmodifiedtoananalogicalprocesswhichwasnamedthefirstanalogyprocess.ThesecondanalogyprocesswasformedinwhichthespecificTRIZsolutionsfordomainproblemsfromthefirstanalogyprocesswereusedasaninputsituation.Bymeansofintegratingthefirstandthesecondprocess,anewprocessmodelforanalogy-baseddesignprocesswasformed,whichwasaivprocessmodelfortwostagesofanalogy-basedconceptdesign,withthenewconceptualsolutionobtained.Thecaseofnewproblemisselectedbyaccomplishingthesolvingprocessofabstraction,search,selection,match,adjustmentandcorrection.Theprocessmodelofcaseandsystemflowmodeldrivenbycase-basedreasoningareconstructed.ThedesignmodelofproductinnovativeconceptdrivenbyTRIZisproposedtosolveengineeringproblem,inwhichthemethodandprocessforobtaininginnovativesolutionarecalculated.(6)Thenewdomainsolutionscanbeconfirmedbydesignexperience,knowledgeaccumulationandanalysisofspecialproduct,namely,theintegrativeproductdesignprocessmodeldrivenbysituatedanalogycanbeformedbyTRIZinstruments,SAD(Situationanalogydesign)knowledge,UXDmethods,ABD(Analogy-baseddesign),CBR(Case-basedreasoning),FBSmodel,etc.Thedesignflowmodelofconceptualstructureisputforwardonhydrocyclones,abetterprincipleandshcemeofwhichisachievedforpartsofinlet,cavity,bigandsmallcone,trailtube,oilvent,etc.Itistestifiednumericalsimulationofflowfieldisfeasiblefortheresultofhydrocyclones.Thefoundationofconceptualdesignprocessmodeldrivenbysituatedanalogyprovidesimportanttechnologyguidanceforinnovativedesign,andremarkablyincreasestheratioofsuccessofpro