2017小升初名词

2017小升初名词讲解单数复数可数名词如何变化？规则变化不规则变化规则变化1.一般情况下，直接在词尾加-s构成复数形式。carbackpackcarsbackpacksbookbooksnamepencardrulernamespenscardsrulers练习一dog------duck-----chair-----table----band-----window-banana-tree------dogsduckschairstableshandswindowsbananastreesbox2.以s,x,ch,sh等结尾的名词，在词尾加-es构成复数形式。boxesclassclasseswatchwatchesbrushbrushessxshchbusbusesfoxesfox(狐狸)dish(盘子)dishes练习二glass---box------brush---match---class----bus-----watch--glassesboxesbrushesmatchesclassesbuseswatches综合练习一glass--desk----school-box-----brush--hen-----match-class--bus----eye----watch-glassesdesksschoolsboxesbrusheshensmatchesclassesbuseseyeswatches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，应改y为i，再加-es。familyfamiliescomediescomedy(喜剧)yyld4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s构成复数形式。boyboysdaydaysoayykeycitiesstrawberrieskeyscity(城市)strawberry(草莓)练习三city-----------day----------boy----------family-------key-----------strawberry-baby--------citiesdaysboysfamilieskeysstrawberriesbabies综合练习二strawberrykey---------glass------bus--------boy--------eye--------watch-----city--------school----strawberrieskeysglassesbusesboyseyeswatchescitiesschoolsbox----baby----family----brush----match---class----desk----hen----day----boxesbabiesfamiliesbrushesmatchesclassesdeskshensdays5.以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe变成v，再加-es构成复数形式。knifekniveshalfhalves“小偷”(thief)的“妻子”(wife)用“刀子”(knife)和“树叶”(leaf)把“狼”(wolf)劈成两“半”(half)。wivesleaveswolveswife(妻子)leaf(树叶)wolf(狼)roof(屋顶)roofsroof“小偷”(thief)的“妻子”(wife)用“刀子”(knife)和“树叶”(leaf)把“狼”(wolf)劈成两“半”(half)。巧记一：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。按：wife（妻子），knife（小刀），wolf（狼），thief（小偷），shelf（架子），self（自己），life（生命），half（一半），leaf（树叶），scarf(围巾）。由self构成的复合词，其变化与self相同（如myself→ourselves；yourself→yourselves；himelf，herself，itself→themselves）。巧记二：练习四wife----knife---wolf----thief----shelf---self----life-----half----leaf----wiveskniveswolvesthievesshelvesselvesliveshalvesleaves综合练习三wife-----key------glass---knife---boy-----eye-----watch--city------school-wiveskeysglassesbusesboyseyeswatchescitiesschoolsbox-----baby---family--brush--match-class----desk----hen------day------boxesbabiesfamiliesbrushesmatchesclassesdeskshensdays6.以o结尾的名词，有的加-s,有的加-es构成复数形式。photophotosheroestomatoeszooszoo(动物园)tomato(西红柿)hero(英雄)以o结尾的名词,表示无生命事物的名词，词尾加-s,表示有生命事物的名词，词尾加-es。加-es的名词有:potato,tomato,hero巧记:英雄爱吃土豆炖西红柿。练习四piano----zoo--------potato---photo----tomato--radio------pianoszoospotatoesphotostomatoesradiosSumup:1.一般情况下,直接在名词词尾加-s.2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,在词尾加-es.3.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要变y为i再加-es.5.以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe变为v,再加-es.6.以o结尾的名词,表示无生命事物的名词加-s,表示有生命事物的名词加-es。4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s.给下列可数名词加复数．bird--card--lady--orange--ruler--photo--friend--boy--watch--girl--case--cat--wife--tree--key--bed--hero--family-dictionary--question--leaf--party--cup--birdsladiesorangesrulerscatsboysgirlscaseswiveswatchestreeskeysquestionsbedsheroesfriendsfamiliesdictionariesphotoscardsleavespartiescups综合练习三familiesknivesbooksbedswolvesbusesshelveszoospotatoescitiesphotosleafpianoboxtomatobrushwatchbagcatradioboystrawberryleavespianosboxestomatoesbrusheswatchesbagscatsradiosboysstrawberriesfamilyknifebookbedwolfbusshelfzoopotatocityphoto不规则名词复数变化一deer-------sheep-----foot-------tooth------goose----fish-------Chinese--Japanese-deersheepfeetteethgeesefishChineseJapanese不规则名词复数变化二man---------woman-----policeman-mouse-----child-------menwomenpolicemenmicechildrenthis–that–I–you–he/she/it–am/is–thesethoseweyoutheyare单数复数不规则名词复数变化三this-------that-------I-----------me--------you-------he/she/it/--him/her/it-am/is------thesethoseweusyoutheythemare综合练习三me-------Chinese-tooth----mouse--fish-----you-----she------watch-him----potato-shelf---child---woman-bag-----bus---box---photo-sheep-this---that---I-------usChineseteethmicefishyoutheywatchesthempotatoesshelveschildrenwomenbagsbusesboxesphotossheep-thesethosewe句子单数变复数1.Thisisabook.2.Thatisaneraser.3.Itisaredapple.4.Iamaboy.5.He/Sheisateacher.6.What’sthis?Thesearebooks.Thoseareerasers.Theyareredapples.Weareboys.Theyareteachers.What’rethese?复数句子变单数句子Thesearedictionaries.单数一般疑问句,并作肯定回答划线提问Thisisadictionary.Arethesedictionaries?Yes,theyare.Whatarethese?