英语写作中常见的“转折”小结(1)一般意义上的“转折”:but,yet,however,nevertheless(nonetheless),though首先,我们要注意以上四个词当表达“转折”时的词性不同。But,yet是连词,however,nevertheless(nonetheless)和though是副词。其次,这四个词的用法和表意也是有差别的。But和yet是连词,因此其用法应该是:A句,butB句.but的“转折”语气最为强烈。however和nevertheless(nonetheless)是副词,因此其用法应该是:A句.However(Nevertheless/Nonetheless),B句.而though虽然是副词,不过though的用法却是常置于句末,即A句.B句,though.如:Thereturnisuncertain,but/yettheinvestmentisworthatry.Thereturnisuncertain.However,theinvestmentisworthatry.Nevertheless,theinvestmentisworthatry.Nonetheless,theinvestmentisworthatry.Thereturnisuncertain.Theinvestmentisworthatry,though.(2)表示“对比”含义的“转折”:①while,whereas②by(in)contrast,ontheotherhand,incomparison,conversely首先,第①组的两个词都是连词,表示含有“对比”的转折。其用法应该是:A句,while/whereasB句.如:Americanconsumerspreferwhiteeggs,while/whereasBritishbuyerslikebrowneggs.其次,第②组短语或词都是副词性的(短语是副词性短语),表示含有“对比”的转折。其用法应该是:A句.Bycontrast(Ontheotherhand/Incomparison/Conversely),B句.如:Americanconsumerspreferwhiteeggs.Conversely,Britishbuyerslikebrowneggs.Americanconsumerspreferwhiteeggs.By(In)contrast,Britishbuyerslikebrowneggs.Americanconsumerspreferwhiteeggs.Ontheotherhand,Britishbuyerslikebrowneggs.Americanconsumerspreferwhiteeggs.Incomparison,Britishbuyerslikebrowneggs.可见,上面“对比”的含义是两个事物在一个方面上的对比。(3)表示“相反”含义的“转折”:onthecontrary,instead以上的短语或词都是副词性的,表示含有“相反”的转折。其用法应该是:A句.Onthecontrary(Instead),B句.如:Heisn’tpoor.Onthecontrary,heisamillionaire.Instead,heisamillionaire.显然,上面所说的“相反”的含义是一个事物的两个相反的方面。