搜索
复合句英语句子按照句子的功能或使用目的,可分为:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。按照句子的结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句由一个主句和一个或几个从句构成。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立，不能单独存在,在句中作某一成分,如宾语.状语.定语。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。从句宾语从句【名师精讲】一.宾语从句的分类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语（或直宾）、介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.4.下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待：besorry/afraid/sure/glad+that从句,如：I’msorryI’mlate.I’mafraidheisn’tinatthemoment.二.宾语从句的语序无论主句是什么句式，宾语从句必须是陈述句语序。例如：Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.三.宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soonafterhegraduatedfromthecollege.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理、自然现象、科学原理或格言警句，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.heteacheraskedtheboyiftheearthisround.四.其它注意事项1.宾语从句的变换步骤：(1).确定引导词：that(陈述句)if/whether(一般疑问句)what/when等（殊疑问句)(2).时态一致：如果主句是一般将来时或一般现在时,从句时态保持不变．如果主句是一般过去时,时态必须一致,即用过去的相应时态，客观真理除外．3).转换语序：三大动词与主语颠倒位置,do/does/did去掉,谓语作相应变化．２.当主句的主语是第一人称I/we，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时，其后的that宾语从句如果表示否定意义，not应否定主句谓语，这叫“否定前移”。例如:Idon’tthinkheisright.Idon’tbelievehewillcome.另外，要注意：这种句子变否定句和一般疑问句时变主句，但完成反义疑问句时要看从句。３.宾语从句与简单句的转换：由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，当从句主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句常简化为“疑问词＋动词不定式”。Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.↔Idon’tknowwhattodonext.４.if,whether辨析：if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句时一般可互换。但有些情况例外。在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：1)引导主语从句和表语从句时。例如：Whetherhewillcometothepartyisunknown.ThequestioniswhetherIcanpasstheexam.2)引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时。例如：Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.Couldyoutellmewhetheryougoornot?3)当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether不用ifWearetalkingaboutwhetherwe’llgoonthepinic.4)if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.例如：Youcan’tworkouttheplanoutifyoudon’thavethemeeting.【中考实战演练】一.单项填空()1.Idon'tknowifit___tomorrow.Ifit___,Iwillnotgofishing.A.rains;rainsB.rain;willrainC.willrain;rainsD.willrain;willrain()2.Couldyoutellme_________?A.wheredoesLiLeiworkB.wheredidLiLeiworkC.whereLiLeiworksD.whereLiLeiworked()3.Shesaid____shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster'sdesk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when()4.Theteachertoldusthatthemoon______roundtheearth.A.wentB.travelsC.turnedD.went()5.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame()6.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid()7.Iwanttoknow_________.A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis()8.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which()9.Doyouknow________?I’mnotsure.Maybeheisadoctor.A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo()10.Theteachertoldusthatthesun___intheeast.A.riseB.risesC.roseD.willrise()11.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisitC.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit()12.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________next,MrWang?A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhatC.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat()13.---Couldyoutellme____________?---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeeting()14.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing()15.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif________theirtemperaturetaken.A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhadC.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad()16.Couldyoutellme_______?A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyouC.What’sthematterwithyouD.what’sthewrongwithyou.()17.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who()18.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoitC.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo()19.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who()20.Thephotographwillshowyou________.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike二.句型转换：1.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme_____thetrain_________.2.Ithinkhewillcomeinaweek.(否定句)I_______thinkhe______comeinaweek.3.IreallyknowwhichoneIshouldchoose.Ireallydon'tknowwhichone_____________.4.DoesMrs.Brownenjoylivinghere?Couldyoutellme?(宾语从句)Couldyoutellme____Mrs.Brown______livinghere?5.Jimcan’tdecidewhatheshoulddonext.(同义句)Jimcan’tdecidewhat_______next.6.IthinkhehasbeentoBeijingbefore,____________?7.Idon’tthinkhewillcometomorrow,____________?8.Theyaren’trigh